内容正文:
Unit 4 Natural Disasters
Words and Phrases
1. asteroid /ˈæstərɔɪd/ n. 小行星
同根词/派生词:
astronaut (n.) 宇航员;
astronomy (n.) 天文学
例句:
Scientists are watching the asteroid to see if it will hit the Earth.(科学家们正在观测这颗小行星,看它是否会撞击地球。)
2. typhoon /taɪˈfuːn/ n. 台风
同根词/派生词:typhonic (adj.) 台风的
常见搭配:
typhoon warning 台风预警;
hit by a typhoon 遭遇台风
例句:
All flights were cancelled because of the strong typhoon.(因为这场强台风,所有航班都被取消了。)
3. earthquake /ˈɜːθkweɪk/ n. 地震
同根词/派生词:
seismic (adj.) 地震的;
常见搭配:
an earthquake survivor
地震幸存者;
例句:
People should stay calm and hide under a strong table during an earthquake.(地震发生时,人们应保持冷静,躲在坚固的桌子下。)
4. melt /melt/ v. (使)熔化;(使)融化
同根词/派生词:molten (adj.) 熔化的;
melting (adj.) 正在融化的
常见搭配:melt the snow 融化雪;
melt away 逐渐消失;melt one’s heart 使某人心软
例句:
The ice will melt quickly in the warm sun.(冰在温暖的阳光下会很快融化。)
5. flood /flʌd/ v. (使)灌满水;淹没 n. 洪水
同根词/派生词:flooding (n.) 洪水泛滥
常见搭配:
flood into 涌入;
a flood of tears 泪如雨下;
flood control 防洪
例句:
The heavy rain caused the river to flood the nearby village.(暴雨导致河水淹没了附近的村庄。)
6. badly /ˈbædli/ adv. 严重地;厉害地
同根词/派生词:bad (adj.) 坏的;worse (adj./adv.) 更糟的/地;worst (adj./adv.) 最糟的/地
常见搭配:hurt badly 严重受伤;badly need 迫切需要;badly damaged 严重受损
例句:
The little boy was badly hurt in the car accident.(这个小男孩在车祸中受了重伤。)
7. alive /əˈlaɪv/ adj. 活着;在世
同根词/派生词:live (v./adj.) 居住;现场直播的;life (n.) 生命;lively (adj.) 生机勃勃的
常用短语:alive and kicking 活蹦乱跳;be alive with 充满;stay alive 活下来
例句:
To everyone’s surprise, the dog was found alive under the ruins.(令所有人惊讶的是,这只狗在废墟下被发现还活着。)
8. pool /puːl/ n. 水坑;水塘
常见搭配:
a swimming pool 游泳池;
a pool of water 一滩水;
例句:
After the rain, there were many small pools on the road.(雨后,路上出现了许多小水洼。)
9. object /ˈɒbdʒɪkt/ n. 物体;物品 /əbˈdʒekt/ v. 反对
同根词/派生词:objection (n.) 反对;objective (adj./n.) 客观的;目标
常见搭配:an object of interest 感兴趣的物品;object to (doing) sth. 反对(做)某事
例句:
He raised his hand to object to the teacher’s plan.(他举手反对老师的计划。)
10. coach /kəʊtʃ/ n. 长途汽车;教练 v. 辅导
同根词/派生词:coaching (n.) 辅导;训练
常见搭配:by coach 乘长途汽车;a football coach 足球教练;coach sb. for sth. 为某事辅导某人
例句:
We are going to Beijing by coach this weekend.(这个周末我们将乘长途汽车去北京。)
11. pass /pɑːs/ v. 通过;经过 n. 通行证
同根词/派生词:passage (n.) 通道;一段(文章);passenger (n.) 乘客;passport (n.) 护照
常见搭配:pass the exam 通过考试;pass by 经过;pass on 传递
例句:
You need a special pass to enter this laboratory.(进入这个实验室你需要一张特殊通行证。)
12. line /laɪn/ n. 电话线路;线
同根词/派生词:online (adj./adv.) 在线的/地;underline (v.) 下划线;强调;airline (n.) 航空公司
常见搭配:a telephone line 电话线;wait in line 排队;hold the line 别挂电话
例句:
Sorry, the line is busy now. Please call back later.(抱歉,线路正忙,请稍后再拨。)
13. dead /ded/ adj. 不运行的;死的
同根词/派生词:die (v)死;(die,died,died,dying)
death (n.) 死亡;deadly (adj.) 致命的
常见搭配:dead silence 死寂;a dead battery 没电的电池;
例句:
The computer is dead. Maybe we need to change the battery.(这台电脑死机了,也许我们需要换电池。)
14. boss /bɒs/ n. 老板;上司
同根词/派生词:bossy (adj.) 专横的;爱发号施令的
常见搭配:the boss of a company 公司老板;report to the boss 向老板汇报
例句:
My boss asked me to finish the work before Friday.(我的老板要求我在周五前完成这项工作。)
15. deaf /def/ adj. 聋的
同根词/派生词:deafness (n.) 耳聋
常用短语:turn a deaf ear to 对……充耳不闻;deaf in one ear 一只耳朵聋
例句:
She is deaf, so she communicates with others by sign language.(她是聋人,所以她用手语和别人交流。)
16. stare /steə(r)/ v. 盯着看;凝视
常见搭配:stare at sb./sth. 盯着某人/某物;stare into the distance 凝视远方
例句:
It is rude to stare at strangers in the street.(在街上盯着陌生人看是不礼貌的。)
17. screen /skriːn/ n. 屏幕;荧光屏
同根词/派生词:screenshot (n.) 截屏;screening (n.) 放映
常见搭配:
a computer screen 电脑屏幕;
touch screen 触摸屏;
on the screen 在屏幕上
例句:
Please don’t get too close to the screen. It’s bad for your eyes.(请不要离屏幕太近,这对你的眼睛不好。)
18. notice /ˈnəʊtɪs/ v. 注意到 n. 通知
同根词/派生词:noticeable (adj.) 明显的;显而易见的
常见搭配:take notice of 注意到;a public notice 公告;notice board 布告栏
例句:
I didn’t notice the mistake in the homework until the teacher pointed it out.(直到老师指出来,我才注意到作业里的错误。)
19. awake /əˈweɪk/ v. (使)醒来 adj. 醒着的
同根词/派生词:
wake (v.) 醒来;waking (adj.) 醒着的
常用短语:
wake up 醒来;keep awake 保持清醒;
例句:
The noise outside awoke the baby.(外面的噪音吵醒了婴儿。)
20. immediately /ɪˈmiːdiətli/ adv. 立即;马上
同根词/派生词:immediate (adj.) 立即的;直接的
常见搭配:act immediately 立即行动;immediate action 立即行动
例句:
Call the police immediately if you see something unusual.(如果你看到不寻常的事情,立即报警。)
21. missing /ˈmɪsɪŋ/ adj. 失踪的;缺失的
同根词/派生词:miss (v.) 错过;想念;missile (n.) 导弹
常见搭配:a missing child 失踪的孩子;go missing 失踪;missing parts 缺失的部件
例句:
The police are searching for the missing boy in the forest.(警察正在森林里搜寻那个失踪的男孩。)
22. fellow /ˈfelə/ adj. 同类的 n. 家伙;同事
常见搭配:fellow students 同学;fellow citizens 同胞;young fellows 年轻人
例句:
He always helps his fellow workers when they are in trouble.(当同事们遇到困难时,他总是帮助他们。)
二、核心短语详解
1. natural disaster 自然灾害
拓展搭配:prevent natural disasters 预防自然灾害;suffer from natural disasters 遭受自然灾害
例句:Earthquakes and typhoons are common natural disasters in some areas.(地震和台风是一些地区常见的自然灾害。)
2. pass by 通过;经过
同义替换:go past
例句:I saw Mr. Li when I passed by the teachers’ office.(我经过教师办公室时看到了李老师。)
3. stick with 持续;坚持
同义短语:stick to;persist in
例句:Stick with your dream, and you will achieve it one day.(坚持你的梦想,总有一天你会实现它。)
4. sit around 无所事事地消磨时间
例句:Don’t sit around all day. Go out and get some exercise.(不要整天无所事事,出去锻炼一下。)
5. have no time to do 不愿为……花时间;没有时间做……
例句:I have no time to argue with you about this small thing.(我没时间和你为这件小事争论。)
6. fall on deaf ears 不被理睬;不被注意
例句:My advice to him fell on deaf ears. He still made the same mistake.(我给他的建议被当成了耳旁风,他还是犯了同样的错误。)
7. stare at 盯着看;凝视
例句:The little girl stared at the stranger as if she had seen him before.(小女孩盯着那个陌生人,好像以前见过他似的。)
8. in surprise 惊讶地
拓展搭配:to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是
例句:“Really?” he asked in surprise when he heard the good news.(听到这个好消息时,他惊讶地问:“真的吗?”)
9. for now 暂时
同义短语:for the time being
例句:
This is enough for now. We can discuss the rest tomorrow.(暂时就这些,剩下的我们明天再讨论。)
10. survival kit 救生包
常见搭配:a first-aid survival kit 急救救生包;prepare a survival kit 准备一个救生包
例句:
You should put some food and water in your survival kit.(你应该在救生包里放些食物和水。)
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