Unit 10 Different Kinds of English-2025-2026学年七年级下册英语词汇变形及词缀精讲（教科版）

7年级下教科版 【同步精讲】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 同步精讲 【Unit 10】Different Kinds of English 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 trainer./'trema()/n.训练员；教meal /mi:/n.一餐；一顿饭 发音：读音 练：运动鞋 rubber /'rAba(r)/n.橡胶；橡皮pilot/'parlat/n.飞行员；领航员 maybe/'mebi/adv.也许：可能：biscuit/'bIskit/n.饼干 V.驾驶（飞机等）：领航 大概 sign /sam/n.标志：符号；迹象fill /fil/v.填满：装满：充满 spell/spel/V.(spelt/spelled,V.签名；示意 petrol/'petral/n.汽油 spelt/spelled)拼写：拼出 neither /'naros(r)/adj.pron lift /lft/v.举起；抬起；提升n.两者都不adv.也不 电梯：搭便车 pronunciation /pra nAnsi'eIfn/n 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.spell/spel/v.拼写：拼出 词汇变形 过去式/过去分词：spelt//spelled 第三人称单数：spells 现在分词：spelling 构词解析 无典型前后缀，属于基础动词，通过时态变化体现语法功能。 例句：Can you spell your name for me? 真题链接（教科版7下同步练习）：She (spel)the word"beautiful''wrong yesterday.(答案： spelt/spelled) 2.lift1ft/v.举起；拾起；提升n.电梯：搭便车 词汇变形 第三人称单数：lifts 现在分词：lifting 过去式/过去分词：lifted 构词解析 无前后缀，动词和名词同形，通过语境区分词性。 7年级下教科版 【同步精讲】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 例句：Please lift the box to the shelf 真题链接（教科版7下教材例句）：We took the lift to the top floor of the building. 3.sign/sam/n.标志：符号；迹象v.签名：示意 词汇变形 第三人称单数：signs 现在分词：signing 过去式/过去分词：signed 名词复数：signs 构词解析 无前后缀，动词和名词同形，名词指“符号”，动词指“签名”。 例句：You must sign your name on the paper. 真题链接（教科版7下同步练习）：There'sa"No Smoking” (sign)in the library..(答案：sign) 4.neither/'naI83()/adj.&pron.两者都不adv.也不 词汇变形 固定搭配：neither.nor.（既不…也不…) 构词解析 无前后缀，属于不定代词副词，本身具有否定含义。 例句：Neither he nor I like swimming. 真题链接（教科版7下教材例句)：—Idon't like coffee.—Neither do I. 5.pronunciation/pr3,nnsi'en/n.发音；读音 词汇变形 动词形式：pronounce /pra3nans/(发音) 构词解析 后缀-ation::加在动词后构成名词，表“动作或过程”。如：pronounce(动词)→pronunciation(名 词)。 例句：Your pronunciation of this word is correct. 真题链接（教科版7下同步练习)：Please (pronunciation)the new words after the teacher. 案：pronounce) 6.pilot/'palt/n.飞行员：领航员v.驾驶（飞机等）：领航 词汇变形 第三人称单数：pilots 现在分词：piloting 过去式/过去分词：piloted 名词复数：pilots 构词解析 无前后缀，动词和名词同形，名词指“飞行员”，动词指“驾驶”。 例句：My uncle is a pilot and he flies a plane every day 真题链接（教科版7下教材例句）：He wants to pilot a spaceship in the future, 7年级下教科版 【同步精讲】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 7.ilf/v.填满：装满：充满 词汇变形 形容词形式：full/f/(满的) 固定搭配：fill.with.…(用…装满…)：be full of(充满…) 构词解析 无前后缀，fil(动词)与fl(形容词)为同源词，意义相关。 例句：Please fill the bottle with water. 真题链接（教科版7下同步练习）：The room is (fill)with books.(答案：filled) 8.petrol/'petral/n.汽油 词汇变形 同义词：gasoline(美式英语) 构词解析 无前后缀，属于独立名词，英式英语中常用。 例句：We need to buy some petrol for the car 真题链接（教科版7下教材例句）：The petrol station is on the left side of the road, 9.maybe/'mebi/av.也许；可能：大概 词汇变形 同义词：perhaps/'p3hps/ 构词解析 无前后缀，属于副词，由“may(可能)+be(是)”合并而来，表推测。 例句：Maybe it will rain tomorrow. 真题链接（教科版7下同步练习）： (maybe))we can go to the park this weekend.(答案：Maybe) 10.meal /mi:l/n.一餐；一顿饭 词汇变形 名词复数：meals 构词解析 无前后缀，属于基础名词，复数形式直接加s。 例句：We have three meals a day:breakfast,.lunch and dinner. 真题链接（教科版7下教材例句）：What do you usually have for your evening meal? 11.rubber/raba(r)/n.橡胶；橡皮 词汇变形 名词复数：rubbers 构词解析 无前后缀，属于独立名词，英式英语中“橡皮”常用rubber,美式英语用eraser。 例句：I need a rubber to correct my mistake. 真题链接（教科版7下同步练习）：He bought two (rubber)in the shop.(答案：rubbers) l2.biscuit/biskit/n.饼千 3 7年级下教科版 【同步精讲】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 词汇变形 名词复数：biscuits 构词解析 无前后缀，属于独立名词，复数形式直接加-s。 例句：My mother often makes biscuits for us. 真题链接（教科版7下教材例句）：There are some biscuits in the box. 综合训练 一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.You need to pay attention to the (发音)of this new word. 2.My father is a (飞行员)who flies international flights. 3.There'sa”No Parking” (标志)near the school gate. 4.We should fill the bottle with (汽油)before the long journey. 5.My mother usually prepares three (餐)a day for our family. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.She (spell)her name correctly in the test yesterday. 2.The workers are」 (lift)heavy boxes onto the truck now. 3.Please_ (sign)your name at the bottom of the paper. 4.Neither my brother nor I (like)playing computer games. 5.The room was (fill)with the sound of children's laughter. 6 (maybe)we can go to the cinema after finishing our homework 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.请用热水装满这个杯子。 Please the cup hot water. 2.图书馆里有一个“禁止吸烟”的标志。 There is a”No Smoking'' in the library. 3.他和我都不会说日语。 he I can speak Japanese. 4 7年级下教科版 【同步精讲】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 4.昨天她把“beautiful”这个单词拼错了。 She the word"beautiful"wrong yesterday. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Tom is learning English.He often practices(spell)new words.His teacher told him that good (pronunciation)is important.One day,he saw a(sign)that said"No Entry".He asked his friend,"How do you(pronounce)this word?His friend said,"It's easy.Just follow me." They took the (lift)to the top floor.Tom wanted to be a(pilot)in the future,so he studies hard every day.He knows that(maybe)one day his dream will come true.He always (fill)his notebook with new words and reads them aloud. 参考答案 I根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.pronunciation 7.pilot 8.sign 9.petrol 10.meals Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 5.spelt/spelled 6.lifting 7.sign 8.like 9.filled 10.Maybe I.完成句子 5.fill;with 6.sign 7.Neither;nor 8.spelt/spelled V.语篇填空 1.spelling 2.pronunciation 3.sign 4.pronounce 5.lift 6.pilot 7.maybe 8.fills 5