Unit 1 Not Too Short-2025-2026学年八年级下册英语词汇变形及词缀精讲（教科版）

8年级下册教科版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 1 Not Too Short 词汇精讲 【Unit1】Not Too Short 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 century/'sentfari/n.世纪；百年交出 南部的 participate /pa:trsipert/v.参与；train /rem/V.训练；培养；培treasure/"tre3s()/n.宝藏；珍 参加 训n.火车：列车 宝：财富V.珍视；珍爱 disadvantage/,dsad'va:ntId3/n.national/'naefnal/adj.国家的：note /naut/n.笔记；便条；音符 缺点：不利条件：劣势 民族的：全国性的 v.记录；留意 successful/sak'sesfl//adj.成功gold/gauld/n.黄金：金色adj.will /wil/modal v.将要；会；愿 的：如愿以偿的 金色的；金质的 意n.意志；决心：遗嘱 crust /krAst/n.外壳：地壳：面produce /prs'djus/V.生产；制 包皮 造；出产/prDdju:s/n.农产品 give up/grv△p/短语放弃；戒除；southern/'sAan/adj.南方的： 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.disadvantage/,dsad'va:ntId3/n.缺点：不利条件；劣势 词汇变形 反义词：advantage(优势；有利条件) 构词解析 前缀dis-:表“否定、相反”，原词advantage(优势)加否定前缀dis-构成反义词。 同类词：appear(出现)→disappear(消失)、agree(同意)一disagree(不同意) 例句 Lack of experience is his main disadvantage for this job. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册同步练习） The (advantage)of living in the city is the high cost of housing.(disadvantage) 2.successful/sak'sesfl/adj.成功的：如愿以偿的 词汇变形 名词形式：success(成功) 动词形式：succeed(成功；达成) 副词形式：successfully(成功地) 构词解析 1 8年级下册教科版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 1 Not Too Short 后缀fl:加在名词success后构成形容词，表“具有…性质的”；动词succeed去“d”加“ss”构 成名词success。 例句 She worked hard and finally became a successful singer. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册教材例句） Yuan Longping was a very (success)scientist in agriculture.(successful 3.national/'naefnal/adj.国家的：民族的：全国性的 词汇变形 名词形式：nation(国家：民族) 副词形式：nationally(全国性地) 构词解析 后缀-al:加在名词nation后构成形容词，表“与…有关的”；再加后缀-y构成副词。 同类词：education(教育)→educational(教育的)、culture(文化)→cultural(文化的) 例句 The National Day is a important holiday in China. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册同步练习） We should learn more about our (nation)history and culture.(national) 4.southern/'sAǒan/adj.南方的；南部的 词汇变形 名词形式：south(南方：南部) 构词解析 后缀-em:加在方位名词south后构成形容词，表“…方向的”。 同类词：north(北方)→northern（北方的)、east(东方)→eastern(东方的) 例句 Guangzhou is a big city in southern China. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册教材例句） The (south)part of the country is warmer than the northern part.(southern) 5.produce /pr3'dju:sV.生产；制造；出产/'prDdju:s/n.农产品 词汇变形 名词形式（生产）：production(生产；产量) 形容词形式：productive（多产的：有成效的) 构词解析 前缀pro-:表“向前、出”，词根“duce”意为“引导”，合起来表示“引导出（产品）”；名词prod1 ction 在动词后加后缀-tion构成。 例句 This factory produces cars every year. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册同步练习） The farmers are busy with the(produce)of vegetables in autumn.(production) 8年级下册教科版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 1 Not Too Short 6.treasure/'tre3ar)/n.宝藏；珍宝；财富v.珍视；珍爱 词汇变形 形容词形式：treasured(珍贵的；被珍视的) 构词解析 动词treasure加后缀-ed构成形容词，表“被…的”。 例句 My grandma's old watch is a great treasure for our family. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册教材例句） We should (treasure)the time we spend with our parents..(答案：treasure) 7.note/naut/n.笔记；便条；音符v.记录；留意 词汇变形 形容词形式：notable(值得注意的：显著的) 名词短语：notebook(笔记本) 构词解析 后缀-able:加在动词note后构成形容词，表“值得…的”；note加book构成复合名词“笔记本”。 例句 Please note down the key points in class. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册同步练习） He always takes__(note)carefully in English class.(答案：notes) 8.will /wil/modal v.将要；会；愿意n.意志；决心；遗嘱 词汇变形 形容词形式：willing(愿意的；乐意的) 副词形式：willingly(乐意地) 构词解析 名词will加后缀-ing构成形容词willing,表“有…意愿的”。 固定搭配：be willing to do sth.(愿意做某事) 例句 She has a strong will and never gives up. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册同步练习) Are you (wil)to help me with my math homework?(答案：willing) 9.participate /pa:'tsipeit/v.参与；参加 词汇变形 名词形式：participation(参与：参加) 形容词形式：participating(参与的) 构词解析 前缀pati-(部分)+词根cip(拿取)+后缀-ate(构成动词)，表“参与其中”；动词去“e”加后 缀-ion构成名词participation。 例句 All students should participate in the school sports meeting. 3 8年级下册教科版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 1 Not Too Short 真题链接（教科版八年级下册同步练习） We need more (participate)from parents in the class activities.(participation) l0.train /trem/v.训练；培养；培训n.火车：列车 词汇变形 名词形式（训练）：training(训练：培训) 形容词形式：trained(受过训练的) 构词解析 动词train加后缀-ing构成名词training（表动作或过程)：加后缀-ed构成形容词，表“经过训练 的”。 例句 The coach is training the team for the competition 真题链接（教科版八年级下册教材例句） She spent three years (train)to be a nurse..(答案：training) 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The high cost of living is a major (劣势)of big cities. 2.Our school will hold a__(国家的)flag-raising ceremony next Monday. 3.Tea is one of the main (农产品)in the southern part of China, 4.We should (珍视)the friendship between classmates. 5.The (南方的)climate is suitable for growing rice. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.Yuan Longping was a (success)scientist who helped solve the food problem. 2.This factory has increased its(produce)by 20%this year. 3.Many students are willing to (participate)in the school volunteer activities. 4.She spent three years in(train)to become a professional dancer. 5.We need to protect our (nation)cultural heritage. 三、完成句子（每空一词) 4 8年级下册教科版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 1 Not Too Short 1.住在农村的一个缺点是交通不便。 One of living in the countryside is the inconvenient transportation 2.他成功地完成了这项艰巨的任务。 He completed this difficult task. 3.南方的冬天通常比北方暖和。 Winter in the part is usually warmer than in the northern part. 4.我们应该积极参与课堂讨论。 We should actively in class discussions. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 China is a country with rich culture and long history.The National Day is a very important holiday for all (nation)people.In the(south)part of China,farmers work hard on the (produce)of crops.Many young people(participate)in cultural activities to learn more about traditional art.They(treasure)these cultural experiences very much.Some students are even (will)to spend their weekends learning folk music.With their hard work,more and more people begin to pay attention to our traditional culture.This is a (success)way to pass down our cultural heritage. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.disadvantage 2.national 3.produce 4.treasure 5.southern Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.successful 2.production 3.participate 4.training 5.national I.完成句子 1.disadvantage 2.successfully 3.southern 4.participate V.语篇填空 1.national 2.southern 3.production 4.participate 5.treasure 6.willing 7.success ful