Unit 3 Festivals and Holidays-2025-2026学年八年级下册英语词汇变形及词缀精讲（北师大版）

8年级下册北师大版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 寒假专版 【Unit3】Festivals and Holidays 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 lucky'lki/adj.幸运的：侥幸enjoyable/m'd3 13bl/adj.令人多；将近 的：吉利的 愉快的：有乐趣的 expect /ik'spekt/V.期待：预料： peace /pi::s/n.和平；平静：和睦failure/ferlja)/n.失败：失败盼望：认为 wish /wIf/v.希望；祝愿；想要的人或事：故障 million/'mljn/num.百万；百 n.愿望；祝愿；希望 worried/'wArid//adj.担心的：发万个（人或物)n.百万；数百万 bright /brart/adj.明亮的；聪明愁的 fry /fra/v.油炸；油煎：油炒n. 的：鲜艳的；乐观的 prefer /pri'f3:/v.更喜欢；宁鱼苗：油炸食品 beat/bi:t/v.打败；战胜；拍打：愿 心跳n.节拍：跳动 nearly/'nrali/adv.几乎；差不 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.lucky/'lAki/adj..幸运的；侥幸的：吉利的 名词形式：uck 副词形式：luckily 反义词：unlucky(不幸的) 构词解析：后缀y:加在名词后，构成形容词，表”充满…的：具有…性质的”；前缀un-表否 定。 同类词：cloudy（多云的)、ainy(下雨的) 例句：It's lucky that we caught the last bus. 真题链接（北师大版八年级下册同步练习）：一 (luck),he passed the exam with the help of his teacher..(答案：Luckily) 2.peace /pi:sn.和平；平静；和睦 形容词形式：peaceful 构词解析：后缀-f:加在名词后，构成形容词，表”充满…的：具有…性质的”。 同类词：careful(小心的)、wonderful(精彩的) 例句：We all hope for world peace. 真题链接（北师大版八年级下册教材例句)：The park is a peaceful place to relax. 1 8年级下册北师大版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 3.bright /brait/adj.明亮的：聪明的；鲜艳的；乐观的 副词形式：brightly 名词形式：brightness 构词解析：后缀-y:加在形容词后构成副词；nss:加在形容词后构成名词，表”性质、状态”。 例句：The sun shines brightly in summer. 真题链接（北师大版八年级下册同步练习）：The (bright)of the sun made her close her eyes..(答 案：brightness) 4.enjoyable/m'd3 13bl/,adj.令人愉快的：有乐趣的 动词形式：enjoy 构词解析：后缀-able:加在动词后，构成形容词，表”可…的：能…的”。 同类词：comfortable(舒适的)、reasonable(合理的) 例句：We had an enjoyable time at the party. 真题链接（北师大版八年级下册同步练习)：She really enjoys(swim)in the river in summer. (答案：swimming） 5.failure/ferlja(r)/n.失败；失败的人或事：故障 动词形式：fail 构词解析：后缀-ur©：加在动词后，构成名词，表”动作的结果或状态”。 同类词：pressure(压力)、pleasure(愉快) 例句：Failure is the mother of success. 真题链接（北师大版八年级下册教材例句）：He didn't fail the exam this time. 6.worried/'wrid/adj.担心的；发愁的 动词形式：woIy 副词形式：worriedly 构词解析：后缀-d:加在动词后构成形容词，表”感到…的”（修饰人）；-y构成副词。 同类词：excited(兴奋的)、interested(感兴趣的) 例句：She looked worried when she heard the news. 真题链接（北师大版八年级下册同步练习）：My mother always worries about my study. 7.nearly/nrali/adv.几乎；差不多；将近 形容词形式：near 构词解析：后缀-y:加在形容词后构成副词。 同类词：hardly(几乎不)、closely(紧密地) 例句：It's nearly seven o'clock now. 真题链接（北师大版八年级下册同步练习）：The hospital is quite_(near)to our school.(答案： near) 8.million/m山jn/num.百万；百万个（人或物）n.百万；数百万 复数形式：millions(与of连用，表概数) 构词解析：前缀ili-:表”千分之一；百万”。 8年级下册北师大版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 固定搭配：millions of(数百万的) 例句：There are over a million people in this city. 真题链接（北师大版八年级下册教材例句）：Millions of visitors come to Beijing every year.. 9.iry /frar/v.油炸：油煎：油炒n.鱼苗；油炸食品 过去式/过去分词：fried 现在分词：frying 名词形式：frying(油炸：煎) 构词解析：名词形式由动词加-ig构成，表”动作或过程”。 例句：My mother often fries eggs for breakfast.. 真题链接（北师大版八年级下册同步练习）：I like eating_(fy)chicken very much.(答案：fied) 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.The children are playing happily in the (和平的)park. 7.He has a (明亮的future ahead of him with his hard work. 8.The (失败taught him to be more careful next time 9.We should keep a (积极的)attitude towards life, 10.The of stars in the sky are shining brightly. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 6. (luck),the lost dog was found by a kind man. 7.She always speaks _(bright)when she talks about her dreams. 8.My father enjoys_(fish)by the lake on weekends. 9.The (enjoy)trip to the mountains made us all relaxed. 10.The students finished the exam (near)an hour ago. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 5. 这座城市有数百万的人口。 There are people in this city. 3 8年级下册北师大版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 6.他看起来很担心，因为他错过了火车。 He looked because he the train 7.阳光灿烂地照耀着，我们决定去野餐 The sun so we decided to have a picnic. 8.幸运的是，他在这次比赛中没有失败。 he didn't the competition this time. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Last Sunday,I went to the park with my friends.The weather was (sun),and the park looked (peace).We walked along the lake,and the flowers around us smelled sweet.A boy was (fry)eggs by the lake,and his mother watched him(worried). (lucky),he didn't burn the eggs.We sat on the grass and talked about our dreams.Tom wants to be a scientist,and he hopes to make _(bright)inventions in the future.I told them about my plan to travel to Beijing, where (million)of visitors go every year.Time passed quickly,and it was (near）evening when we left.It was an (enjoy)day,and we all felt happy. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.peaceful 7.bright 8.failure 9.positive 10.millions Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.Luckily 7.brightly 8.fishing 9.enjoyable 10.nearly L.完成句子 5.millions of 6.worried;missed 7.shines brightly 8.Luckily;fail V.语篇填空 1.sunny 2.peaceful 3.fiying 4.worriedly 5.Luckily 6.bright 7.millions 8 nearly 9.enjoyable 4