Unit 2 Great People-2025-2026学年九年级下册英语词汇变形及词缀精讲（译林版）

9年级下译林版 【寒假专版】 ,E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 寒假专版 【Unit2】Great People 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 inventor/m'venta()/n.发明者 *spin/spIn/vi.快速旋转 (简称lab) invent/m'vet/t.发明 control /kan'tr3l/n.控制，支配 *professor /pra'fesa(r)/n.教授 *explorer /ik'splo:ra(r)/n.out of control /aut Dy kan'traol/ discovery/d'skAvari/n.发现： 者：考察者 短语失去控制，无法管理 发现物 South African sav0 'aefrikan/n. cut short /kAt∫b:t/短语缩短 unknown/,n'nan/ad.未知 南非人 Pacific /pa'sfik/adj.太平洋的 的：不出名的 fighter/fata(r)/n.斗士，战斗ocean/'a/n.海洋 widely'wardli/adv.广泛地，普 者：战斗机 land /laend/vt.&vi. (使)着遍地 invention/m'ven fan/n.发明物：陆，（使）降落 *hybrid/'harbrid/adj.杂交的 创意 *giant/'d3 arent/adj.巨大的：伟tite/'tartl/n.标题；职位名称 *Italian'taelian/n.意大利人 大的 agriculture /'aegrikAltf(r)/n. European/jar3pi:3n/n.欧洲leap/Iip/n.跳跃；跃升 业 人 mankind /maen'kamnd/n.人类 hunger/'hga(r)/n.饥饿 Russian/rn/n.俄罗斯人 surface/'s3fis/n.表面；表层 happen to/'hapan tu:/短语碰巧 pilot/'palt/n.飞行员 further'f3:δa)/adj.更多的，advantage/ad'va:ntid3/n.优势， *licence /'laIsns/n.执照，许可更进一步的 有利条件 证（美式拼写为license) citizen/'stzn/n.公民：市民 at present/et'preznt/短语现在， *nay/'nervi/n.海军 pride /prad/n.骄傲；可引以为目前 serve /s3v/vi.&t.服役：服务，豪的人（或物） contribution /kontrI'bju:fan/n. 招待 passage/'pesId3/n.章节，乐段贡献 test/test/.vt.测试；检验 by hand /baI haend/短语手工 increase/m'kri:s/vt.增加 *aircr aft/'eakra:ft/n.飞机，航mathematics/,mefa'maetiks/n.production /pra'dk∫an/n.生产； 空器 数学（简称mnaths) 产量 *astronaut/'estr3n:t/n.宇航员scientist/'saranti虹st/n.科学家 development /dr'velapmant/n. *spacecraft/'speiskra:ft/n.宇宙radium/'reidiam/n.镭 发展 飞船（单复同形） labor atory1a'opratri//n.实验室 词汇变形及词缀精讲 9年级下译林版 【寒假专版】 E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.inventor/m'venta()/n.发明者 词汇变形 动词形式：invent 名词形式（发明物）：invention 构词解析 后缀-or:加在动词后，表“从事…职业的人”；ion:构成名词，表“动作或结果”。 同类词：actor(演员)←-act(行动)、visitor(参观者)←-visit(参观) 例句：Edison is a great inventor and he has many important inventions. 真题链接（译林版九年级同步练习）：The light bulb is one of the greatest (invent)in history. 案：inventions) 2.European/jar3'pi:n/n.欧洲人；adj.欧洲的 词汇变形 名词形式（地区）：Europe(欧洲) 构词解析 后缀-an:加在地名后，表“…的人；…的”。 同类词：Asian(亚洲人；亚洲的)←-Asia(亚洲)、African(非洲人；非洲的)←-Africa(非洲) 例句：My pen pal is a European,and she was born in Europe. 真题链接（译林版九年级同步练习）：France is a一(Europe))country with a long history.（答案： European) 3.discovery/d'skAvari/n.发现；发现物 词汇变形 动词形式：discover 构词解析 前缀dis-:表“相反：除去”；后缀-ey:构成名词，表“行为或结果”。 例句：The discovery of radium was a great breakthrough in science. 真题链接（译林版九年级同步练习）：Scientists (discovery)a new kind of plant in the rainforest last year.(答案：discovered) 4.scientist/'sarantrst/n.科学家 词汇变形 名词形式（学科）：science(科学) 构词解析 后缀it:加在名词后，表“从事…职业的人”。 同类词：artist(艺术家)←-at(艺术)、chemist(化学家)←-chemistry(化学) 例句：Yuan Longping was a famous scientist who worked in agriculture.. 真题链接（译林版九年级同步练习)：My dream is to be a(science)and study the stars.(答案： scientist) 5.agricultural/.egrr'kAltfaral/ad.农业的 词汇变形 2 9年级下译林版 【寒假专版】 ,E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 名词形式：agriculture 构词解析 后缀-l:加在名词后，构成形容词，表“…的”。 同类词：national(国家的)←-nation(国家)、natural(自然的)←-nature(自然) This area is famous for its agricultural products like rice and wheat. 真题链接（译林版九年级同步练习）： (agriculture)development is important for feeding the world. (答案：Agricultural) 6.contribution/kontri'bju:Jen/n.贡献 词汇变形 动词形式：contribute 构词解析 前缀con-:表“共同”；后缀-ion:构成名词，表“动作或结果”。 例句：Yuan Longping made great contributions to hybrid rice research 真题链接（译林版九年级同步练习）：Everyone should_(contribution)to protecting the environ- ment.(答案：contribute) 7.production /pr3'dken/n.生产；产量 词汇变形 动词形式：produce 形容词形式：productive（多产的) 构词解析 前缀pro-:表“向前”；后缀-tion:构成名词，表“动作或结果”：-ive:构成形容词。 例句：The production of this factory increased by20%last year. 真题链接（译林版九年级同步练习)：Farmers use new technology to_ (production)more food. (答案：produce) &.development/d'velapmant/n.发展 词汇变形 动词形式：develop 形容词形式：developed(发达的)、developing(发展中的) 构词解析 前缀de-:表“加强”；后缀ment:构成名词，表“动作或结果”；-ed-ing:构成形容词。 例句：China has made rapid development in recent years. 真题链接（译林版九年级同步练习）：Our city is」 (development)very fast,with manynew buildings. (答案：developing) 9.unknown/,n'n3n/adj.未知的：不出名的 词汇变形 反义词：known(已知的：出名的) 构词解析 前缀un-:表“否定”，加在形容词前构成反义词。 9年级下译林版 【寒假专版】 ，E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 同类词：unhappy(不开心的)←-happy(开心的)、unfair(不公平的)←fair(公平的) 例句：There are still many unknown places in the deep ocean. 真题链接（译林版九年级同步练习）：The actor was (known)before he starred in that movie. (答案：unknown） 10.widely/waidli/adv.广泛地；普遍地 词汇变形 形容词形式：wide 构词解析 后缀y:加在形容词后，构成副词。 同类词：quickly(快速地)←-quick(快速的)、slowly(缓慢地)←-slow(缓慢的) 例句：English is widely used in international communication 真题链接（译林版九年级同步练习）：This new technology has been(wide)accepted by farmers. (答案：widely) 11.further/'f3ǒa)/adj.更多的：更进一步的 词汇变形 原级：far(远的；进一步的)：比较级：farther/further:最高级：farthest/furthest 构词解析 不规则形容词比较级，-ther是常见比较级后缀（如farther)。 例句：We need further research to solve this problem. 真题链接（译林版九年级同步练习）：She wants to study (far）after finishing high school.(答 案：further) 12.citizen/'stzn/n.公民；市民 词汇变形 名词形式（国家）：city(城市)：形容词形式：civil(公民的：民事的) 构词解析 前缀citi-(=city):后缀-zen:表“人”。 例句：Every citizen should follow the laws of the country. 真题链接（译林版九年级同步练习）：It's the duty of every(city)to keep the environment clean. (答案：citizen) l3.pr'ide /praid/n.骄傲：自豪 词汇变形 形容词形式：proud 副词形式：proudly 构词解析 后缀-d构成形容词(proud),名词pride与其同源。 固定搭配：take pride in=be proud of(为…自豪) 例句：We take pride in our country's achievements. 真题链接（译林版九年级同步练习）：She was (pride)of her son's success in the competition 9年级下译林版 【寒假专版】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 (答案：proud) 14.laboratory /la'bpratri/n.实骏室 词汇变形 缩写形式：lab 构词解析 词根labor(劳动)：后缀-atoy:表“场所”。 例句：Students often do experiments in the laboratory. 真题链接（译林版九年级同步练习）：The teacher asked us to meet in the (lab)for the chemistry class.(答案：laboratory) 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 l.Thomas Edison was a great(发明者)who created many useful things. 2.France is a (欧洲的)country known for its art and culture. 3.The (of electricity changed the world greatly. 4.Yuan Longping was a famous_(科学家)in the field of agriculture. 5 (农业的)technology has improved a lot in recent years. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.Marie Curie (discovery)radium in 1898. 2.My uncle works as a(science)in a research center. 3.We should (contribution)more to our community. 4.The factory plans to (production)over 1,000 cars next month. 5.Our city is (development)rapidly with new roads and buildings 6.This kind of machine is (wide)used in farms. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.爱迪生因为他的许多重要发明而闻名。 Edison was famous for his many important 5 9年级下译林版 【寒假专版】 ，E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 2.袁隆平为农业发展做出了巨大贡献。 Yuan Longping made great to agricultural development. 3.学生们经常在实验室里做实验。 Students often do experiments in the 4.我们为祖国的快速发展感到自豪。 We take in our country's rapid development. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Albert Einstein was a great (science).His_(discover)in physics changed the world. He was born in a (Europe)country and later moved to America.As a(scientist),he spent most of his time in the(laboratory).His work had a(wide)influence on modern science.People take (proud)in his achievements,and his story encourages young people to (develop)an interest in science. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.inventor 7.European 8.discovery 9.scientist 10.Agricultural I.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.discovered 2.scientist 3.contribute 4.produce 5.developing 6.widely I.完成句子 1.inventions 2.contributions 3.laboratory 4.pride V.语篇填空 1.scientist 2.discovery 3.European 4.scientist 5.laboratory 6.wide 7.pride 8 develop 6