Unit 4 Life on Mars-2025-2026学年九年级下册英语词汇变形及词缀精讲（译林版）

9年级下册译林版 【核心词汇精讲】 Unit 4 核心词汇 Unit 4 Life on Mars 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 Mars /ma:zn.火星 语以…的速度 agreement/h'gri:mant/n.同意， helmet/'helmit/n.头盔 uncomfortable /An'kAmftabl/adj 一致 air tank/es taenk/n.氧气罐，空使人不舒服的 distance/distans/n.距离 气罐 oxygen/'pksid3an/n.氧气 possibility/,pDsa'bilati/n.可能 dried food/drard fu:d/n.干制食in the form of/tn 0e fo:m Dv/短性 品，干粮 语以…的形式 alien/'erlian/n.外星人 power pack/'paU3 paek/n.电源tasty/'tersti/adj.美味的，可口doubt/dat/n.疑惑，疑问 包，电源组 的 stranger/'stremd3ar)/n.陌生人 sleeping bag/'sli:p叫begn.睡specially/'spefali/adv.专门地， carry out/kaeri aot/短语执行， 袋 特意地 实行 gravity/'graeviti/n.重力，地心float/flaut//vi.漂浮 percentage/pa'sent1d/n.百分 引力 compare with /kam'pe3wI/短比，百分率 planet/'plaent/n.行星 语与…相比 disadvantage /,disad'va:ntid3/n. crowded/'kraodid/adj.拥挤的，compare to /kam'pe3tu/短语把不利条件，劣势 挤满的 …比作 risk/rIsk/n.危险，风险 polluted /p3'lu::tId/adj..受污染interplanetary/,mta'plaenitri/after all/a:fte:/短语毕竟，终 的 adj.行星间的 究 rapid/rapid/adj.迅速的，快速network/'netw3k/n.网络 goods/gdz/n.商品，货物 的 challenging/'t∫elmd3m/adj.富electronic.lek'tDnk/adj.电子 increase/mkri:st.增加，增长有挑战性的 的 all over again/b:l'ov33'gen/短rapidly/'rpidli/adv.迅速地， entertainment/enta'teinmant/n 语再一次，重新 快速地 娱乐，娱乐表演 passenger/'paesind3(r)/n.乘客，aware/'wea)/adj.意识到的， 旅客 知道的 at the speed of/et 0a spi:dDv/短circle/'s3kl/vi.盘旋，环行 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.polluted /p3'lu:td/adj..受污染的 动词形式：pollute 9年级下册译林版 【核心词汇精讲】 Unit 4 名词形式：pollution 构词解析：后缀-ed:加在动词后构成形容词，表”被…的”；-tion是名词后缀，表”动作或结果”。 同类词：invited(被邀请的)←-invite(邀请)：education(教育)←-educate(教育) 例句：The polluted river smells terrible and no fish can live in it. 真题链接（译林版九年级下单元练习）：We should stop_(pollute)the environment to make our earth cleaner.(答案：polluting) 2.increase/nkri:s/vt.增加，增长 名词形式：increase/'mnkri:s/ 形容词形式：increasing(不断增加的) 构词解析：前缀in-:表”向内：加强”；后缀-ase构成动词；-ing构成形容词，表”正在…的”。 例句：The population of this city is increasing rapidly these years.. 真题链接（译林版九年级下教材例句）：The number of students in our school has increased by200 since last year. 3.uncomfortable/n'kAmftabl/adj.使人不舒服的 反义词：comfortable(舒服的) 副词形式：uncomfortably 构词解析：前缀un-:表”否定”；后缀-able:构成形容词，表”能…的”；-y构成副词。 同类词：unhappy(不开心的)一happy(开心的)：unhealthy(不健康的)←healthy(健康的) The hard chair made me feel uncomfortable after sitting for an hour. 真题链接（译林版九年级下同步练习）：This pair of shoes is too tight and it's(comfortable)to wear.(答案：uncomfortable) 4.specially/spefali/adv.专门地，特意地 形容词形式：special(特别的) 名词形式：specialty(特产；专长) 构词解析：后缀-y:加在形容词后构成副词：-l构成形容词，表…的”。 例句：My mother specially cooked my favorite dishes for my birthday. 真题链接（译林版九年级下单元练习)：This gift was(special)made for you,so please take it. (答案：specially) 5.rapidly/'raepidli/adv.迅速地，快速地 形容词形式：rapid(迅速的) 构词解析：后缀-y:加在形容词后构成副词，表”…地”。 同类词：quickly(快速地)←-quick（快的)：slowly(缓慢地)←-slow(慢的) 例句：With the development of technology,our life is changing rapidly.. 真题链接（译林版九年级下同步练习)：The water level is_(rapid)rising because of the heavy rain.(答案：rapidly) 6.agreement/A'grim3nt/n.同意，一致 动词形式：agree 2 9年级下册译林版 【核心词汇精讲】 Unit 4 反义词：disagreement(不同意) 构词解析：前缀a:加强语气：后缀-ment:加在动词后构成名词，表”行为或结果”；dis-表”否定”。 固定搭配：reach an agreement(达成一致) 例句：After a long discussion,.they finally reached an agreement. 真题链接（译林版九年级下教材例句）：We all agree with the plan,so there's no disagreement. 7.possibility/pDsa'bilati/n.可能性 形容词形式：possible(可能的) 副词形式：possibly 构词解析：前缀pos-:表”放置”；后缀-ibl©：构成形容词，表”可…的”；-ity:构成名词，表”性 质、状态”。 例句：Is there any possibility that we can finish the work before Friday? 真题链接（译林版九年级下同步练习）：It's一(possible)to finish such a difficult task in one day. (答案：impossible) 8.disadvantage/,dsd'va:ntd/n.不利条件，劣势 反义词：advantage(优势) 形容词形式：disadvantaged(处于不利地位的) 构词解析：前缀dis-:表”否定；相反”；后缀-ge:构成名词，表”状态、结果。 Living in the countryside has its disadvantages,such as fewer job opportunities. 真题链接（译林版九年级下单元练习）：Compared with cars,bikes have both advantages and (advantage).(答案：disadvantages) 9.electronic1,lek'tronik/adj.电子的 名词形式：electron(电子) 名词复数：electronics(电子学；电子设备) 构词解析：前缀electr-:表”电的”；后缀-ic:构成形容词，表”与…有关的”。 同类词：electric(电动的)、electrical(电学的) Nowadays,electronic products like smartphones are very popular among teenagers. 真题链接（译林版九年级下教材例句）：We can use electronic dictionaries to look up new words quickly. l0.entertainment/,enta'temnmant/n.娱乐，娱乐表演 动词形式：entertain(招待：娱乐) 形容词形式：entertaining(有趣的；娱乐的) 构词解析：前缀enter-:表”进入”；后缀-ment:构成名词，表”行为或结果”；-ing构成形容词，表 令人…的”。 例句：Watching movies is one of the most popular forms of entertainment. 真题链接（译林版九年级下同步练习）：The actors_(entertainment)the audience with their won- derful performance.(答案：entertained) 11.challenging/'tfaelmd3四/adj.富有挑战性的 动词形式：challenge(挑战) 3 9年级下册译林版 【核心词汇精讲】 Unit 4 名词形式：challenge 构词解析：后缀-ig:加在动词后构成形容词，表”令人…的”。 同类词：interesting(有趣的)←-interest(使感兴趣)：exciting(令人兴奋的)←-excite(使兴奋) 例句：Climbing Mount Qomolangma is a challenging task for most people. 真题链接（译林版九年级下单元练习）：This game is so__(challenge)that I want to try it again, (答案：challenging) l2.interplanetary/,nts'plaentri/adj.行星间的 词根拆分：inter..(在…之间)+planetary(行星的) 名词形式：planet（行星) 构词解析：前缀inter-:表”在…之间：相互”；-ay:构成形容词，表”与…有关的”。 同类词：international(国际的)←-inter-+national(国家的) Scientists are studying interplanetary travel to explore other planets. 真题链接（译林版九年级下教材例句）：Interplanetary network helps astronauts communicate with the earth. 综合训练 一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The factory has caused serious (污染)to the nearby river. 2.We need to find a solution to reduce the (不利条件)of living in big cities.. 3.Reading books is a popular form of()for people of all ages 4.There is a high (可能性)of rain tomorrow,so take an umbrella. 5.After hours of discussion,they finally reached an (协议). 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The number of cars in the city(increase)a lot in the past five years. 2.This new type of robot is(special)designed to help the elderly. 3.With the development of technology,our life is changing(rapid). 4.It's (comfort)to sit on this hard chair for a long time 5.The (pollute)air in the city is harmful to people's health 三、完成句子（每空一词） 9年级下册译林版 【核心词汇精讲】 Unit 4 1.我们应该停止污染环境以保护野生动物。 We should stop the environment to protect wild animals. 2.这个游戏很有挑战性，很少有人能通关。 This game is so that few people can pass it. 3.随着人口的增长，我们需要更多的资源。 With the of the population,we need more resources. 4.科学家们正在研究行星间旅行的可能性。 Scientists are studying the of interplanetary travel. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Nowadays,electronic products are changing our life rapidly.Many people enjoy the (conve- nient)they bring,but there are also some (advantage).For example,spending too much time on screens can make eyes feel(comfortable). To solve this problem,experts suggest taking breaks every hour.They also (agree)that we should balance work and rest.Recently,a new study shows the (possible)of using special software to remind users to rest.This software is(special)designed for office workers.With its help,people can reduce the (pollute)of their eyes and work more efficiently. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.pollution 2.disadvantages 3.entertainment 4.possibility 5.agreement Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.has increased 2.specially 3.rapidly 4.uncomfortable 5.polluted I.完成句子 1.polluting 2.challenging 3.increase 4.possibility V.语篇填空 1.convenience 2.disadvantages 3.uncomfortable 4.agree 5.possibility 6.specially 7.pollution 5