Unit 5 Animals Helping People-2025-2026学年八年级下册英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲（教科版）

8年级下册教科版 【Unit5】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 Unit 5 【Unit5】Animals Helping People 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 confidence/'konfidans/n.信心；nearly/'nIali/adv.几乎；差不多；n.控制：管理 信任；自信心 将近 homeless/'haumlas/adj.无家可 patient/'pent/adj.有耐心的n.hunting/'hnt/n.打猎：狩猎归的 病人 V.打猎；搜寻(hunt的现在分advantage /ad'va:ntId3/n.有利 condition/kn'dn/n.条件：状词) 条件：优势：好处 况：环境V.使适应：使健康 well known/wel'nawn/短语著sadness/'saednas/n.悲伤；忧伤 disabled/dr'serbld/adj.残疾的：名的；众所周知的 passenger/'paesind3a(r)/n.乘客； 有缺陷的 for instance /f:'nstans/短语例旅客 company/'kAmpani/n.公司；陪如；比如 for a while /fo:3waIl/短语一会 伴：同伴 control/.kn'tra5l/v.控制：支配儿：暂时 词义辨析及同义替换 1.confidence/'kpnfidans/n.信心：信任：自信心 词义辨析： confidence:指对自己或他人能力、可靠性的坚定信念，是名词，后常接in或that从句。 faith:侧重指“宗教信仰”或“对人/事物的绝对信任”，语气比confidence更强。 同义替换： faith,trust 例句： She has confidence in her ability to pass the exam 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册同步练习） He gained to speak English after practicing every day. A.confidence B.condition C.sadness (答案：A) 2.patient/'pent/adj.有耐心的n.病人 词义辨析： 8年级下册教科版 【Unit5】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 patient(adj.):指在困难或等待时表现出冷静和容忍，后接with。 tolerant: 侧重“宽容的”，指对他人的不同意见或行为表示理解，后接o。 同义替换： tolerant,understanding 例句： Our teacher is very patient with slow learners. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册单元测试） You need to be when teaching young children. A.homeless B.patient C.disabled(答、：B) 3.condition/kan'd/n.条件；状况：环境v.使适应；使健康 词义辨析： condition(n.):作“状况”时，指人/事物的具体状态：作“条件”时，指某事发生的前提。 situation:侧重指“整体形势、局面”，如社会/经济状况。 同义替换： state,situation 例句： The patient's condition is getting better day by day. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册期末复习） We can go for a picnic if the weather is good. A.condition B.company C.advantage (答案：A) 4.nearly/nali/adv.几乎；差不多；将近 词义辨析： nearly:指“接近但未完全达到”，可用于all,evey,half等词前，一般不用于否定句。 almost:含义与nearly接近，但可用于more than,nothing,nobody等词前，否定句中更常用。 同义替换： almost,approximately 例句： Nearly 200 students took part in the sports meeting 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册同步练习） I have finished my homework,just one math problem left A.nearly B.completely C.hardly(答案：A) 5.control/kan'tra/v.控制：支配n.控制；管理 词义辨析： control(v.n.):指“对人/事物的管理权或支配力”，可作及物动词或名词，短语in control of(掌 控)。 manage:侧重“通过努力成功处理/经营”，强调过程，后接todo。 8年级下册教科版 【Unit5】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： manage,handle 例句： He tried to control his anger when facing the problem. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册单元测试） You need to learn to your time wisely. A.control B.hunt C.disable (答案：A) 6.advantage /ad'va:ntId3/n.有利条件；优势：好处 词义辨析： advantage:指“优于他人的有利条件”，反义词disadvantage,短语have an advantage over。 benefit:侧重“利益、好处”，指对人/事物有益的结果，可作名词或动词。 同义替换： benefit,edge 例句： Teamwork is our greatest advantage in this competition. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册期末复习） Being able to speak English is a(n) when looking for a job A.sadness B.advantage C.condition (答案：B) 7.sadness/'saednas/n.悲伤：忧伤 词义辨析： sadness:指因失去、失望等产生的内心悲痛，是名词，程度较深。 SOITOW: 语气更正式，常指“深沉、持久的悲伤”，文学作品中较常见。 同义替换： sorrow,grief 例句： Her eyes were full of sadness when she heard the bad news. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册同步练习） The movie's ending filled the audience with A.sadness B.confidence C.advantage (答案：A) 8.passenger/'paesmd3a()/n.乘客：旅客 词义辨析： passenger:指“交通工具上的乘客”，强调“被运载的人”，对应“司机/船员”。 traveler:泛指“旅行者”，侧重“旅行的人”，不局限于交通工具。 同义替换： traveler,commuter 3 8年级下册教科版 【Unit5】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 例句： The bus driver helped an old passenger get on the bus. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册单元测试） A11 must fasten their seat belts before the plane takes off. A.passengers B.hunters C.homeless(答案：A) 9.well known/,wel'nwn/短语著名的；众所周知的 词义辨析： well known:强调“被广泛知晓”，可作表语或定语，后接for/as。 famous:含义与well known相近，但更强调“因成就/特点而出名”，语气更强。 同义替换： famous,renowned 例句： This city is well known for its beautiful beaches. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册同步练习) Mo Yan is a writer all over the world A.well known B.homeless C.disabled(答案：A) l0.for instance/f:'nstans/短语例如；比如 词义辨析： for instance:用于举例说明，可位于句首、句中或句末，后常接完整句子。 such as:直接列举同类人/事物中的儿个例子，后接名词/名词短语，不接句子。 同义替换： for example,such as 例句： Many animals,for instance,pandas,are in danger of extinction. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册单元测试） Some students. Li Ming and Zhang Hua,won the English competition. A.for instance B.such as C.well known (答案：B) l1.for a while /f:awai/短语一会儿；暂时 词义辨析： for a while:指“持续一段时间”，强调动作的延续，可与延续性动词连用。 in a while:指“过一会儿之后”，常用于将来时，强调“一段时间之后”。 同义替换： for a moment,temporarily 例句： He sat quietly and read the book for a while X 8年级下册教科版 【Unit5】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 真题链接： (教科版八年级下册同步练习) Please wait the doctor will see you soon. A.for a while B.for instance C.in person (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.She has great in her painting skills and never gives up practicing A.confidence B.faith C.sadness 2.Our math teacher is very with us when we make mistakes in calculations. A.patient B.tolerant C.homeless 3.The of the old house has improved a lot after being repaired. A.condition B.situation C.advantage 4.I missed the last bus,but luckily my friend gave me a ride. A.nearly B.almost C.completely 5.You should learn to your emotions instead of letting them control you. A.manage B.control C.handle 6.Having a good memory is an for language learning. A.advantage B.benefit C.sadness 7.The news of her grandfather's death filled her with deep A.sadness 8年级下册教科版 【Unit5】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 B.sorrow C.confidence 8.A1l must show their tickets before getting on the train. A.passengers B.travelers C.commuters 9.Yuan Longping is a scientist around the world for his hybrid rice. A.well known B.famous C.disabled 10.Many students, Tom and Lucy,have joined the English club this term. A.for instance B.such as C.well known 二、根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.The team's success gave them more c to face future challenges. 2.Teachers need to be p when teaching young children to read. 3.The weather cwill get worse tomorrow,so we'd better stay indoors. 4.Nearly 500 people a the concert last night 5.The company offers good working c_and a competitive salary. 6.Her face showed swhen she heard the bad news about her pet. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.He speaks English with great (confident)because he practices every day. 2.My mother is always (patient)with my little sister's endless questions. 3.The patient's (condition)has been stable since yesterday. 4.They have (near)finished building the new school library. 5.You need to (control)your time better to avoid staying up late. 6.The (sad)in her eyes made everyone feel sorry for her. 6 8年级下册教科版 【Unit5】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 四、完成句子（每空一词) 1.她对自己的能力充满信心。 She has her abilities 2.请稍等片刻，医生马上就来。 Please wait and the doctor will come soon 3.这个城市以其悠久的历史而闻名。 This city is its long history. 4.他几乎花光了所有的钱买这本书。 He has all his money on this book. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Mr.Wang is a (patient)teacher who always helps students with their problems.Last week,he noticed that Li Ming was in low spirits.Li Ming told him he lost (confidence) because he failed the math exam.Mr.Wang encouraged him to believe in himself and practice more He said,"Math is difficult,but with hard work,you'll make progress.For (instance), you can do extra exercises every day."Li Ming followed his advice.He studied (near) two hours every evening and asked Mr.Wang questions when he was confused.After a month,his math (condition)improved a lot.In the next exam,he got an A!Li Ming felt happy and said,"I couldn'thave done it without Mr.Wang'shelp.Now I have the (advantage) of working hard,and I'll keep going." 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.A2.A3.A4.A5B6.A7.A 8.A9.A10B IⅡ根据句意及首字母提示填空 1.confidence 2.patient 3.condition 4.attended 5.conditions 6.sadness ⅡI.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.confidence 2.patient 3.condition 4.nearly 5.control 6.sadness V.完成句子 1.confidence in 2.for a while 3.well known 4.nearly spent 8年级下册教科版 【Unit5】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 V语篇填空 1.patient 2.confidence 3.instance 4.nearly 5.condition 6.advantage 8