Unit 10 Manners-2025-2026学年八年级下册英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲（沪外版）

8年级下册沪外版 【同步练习】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同步练习 Unit 10】Manners 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 renew /r'nju/:v.重新开始；更church3t/n.教堂；教会 imagine'medm/v.想象；设 新：续期 be disgusted with /bi dis'gAstid litter/'lta)/n./~.垃圾：废弃wI/phrase对…感到厌恶 widely /'wardli/,adv.广泛地：普 物；乱扔 gesture/'d3esta)/n.w.手势；遍地 awake'weik/adj./W.醒着的：姿势；做手势 custom/'kAstam/n.习俗；风俗： 唤醒；醒来 accidentally/,eksI'dentali/adv.习惯 disturb/d'st3b/v.打扰：扰乱：偶然地：意外地 insist/m'sIst/v.坚持：坚决要求 妨碍 global travel /'glaobl 'traevl/ wear /wea(r)/V.穿：戴：磨损 phrase环球旅行 词义辨析及同义替换 awake/a'weik/adj.W.醒着的：唤醒；醒来 词义辨析： awake:作形容词时仅作表语，强调“醒着的状态”，如be awake;作动词时可指“唤醒”或“自 己醒来”，比wake更正式。 wake:作动词时侧重“唤醒他人”或“自己醒来”，常用搭配wake up,可作及物或不及物动词。 同义替换： wake,alert 例句： My mother was awake all night because of the noise outside. 真题链接：（沪外版八年级下册同步练习） He usually up early in the morning to do exercise A.awakes B.wakes C.sleeps(答案：B) 2.wear /wes(r)/v.穿；戴：磨损 词义辨析： 8年级下册沪外版 【同步练习】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 wear: 强调“穿着/戴着的状态”，宾语可以是衣物、饰品、表情等，如wear a coat/smile。 put on:侧重“穿/戴的动作”，如put on a hat(戴上帽子)，瞬间性动词。 dress:作动词时宾语通常是人，常用搭配dress sb.(给某人穿衣服)或dress up(打扮)。 同义替换： put on,have on 例句： She always wears a red scarf in winter. 真题链接：（沪外版八年级下册单元测试） It's cold outside.Please _your warm coat before going out. A.wear B.put on C.dress(答案：B) 3.disturb/d'st3b/v.打扰：扰乱：妨碍 词义辨析： disturb:侧重“干扰他人的正常活动或情绪”，如disturb sb.’s sleep(打扰某人睡觉)，语气较 正式。 bother:含义更口语化，指“给某人带来麻烦或不便”，常用搭配bother sb.(about sth)。 同义替换： bother,interrupt 例句： Please don't disturb me while I'm studying. 真题链接：（沪外版八年级下册期末复习题） I'm sorry to you,but could you tell me the way to the hospital? A.disturb B.help C.thank (答案：A) 4.imagine'med3m/v.想象；设想 词义辨析： imagine:强调“在脑海中创造新的形象或想法”，后接名词、动名词或从句，如imagine flying in the sky。 hink:侧重“理性思考或判断”，如think about a problem(思考问题)，不强调“想象”。 同义替换： picture,fancy 例句： Can you imagine life without electricity? 真题链接：（沪外版八年级下册同步练习） Close your eyes andyou are on a beautiful beach A.imagine B.think C.remember (答案：A) 5.insist/m'sIst/v.坚持；坚决要求 2 8年级下册沪外版 【同步练习】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： insist:后接on doing sth.表示“坚持做某事”，接that从句时（主语从句常用should+动词原形， should可省略)，强调“坚决主张”。 persist:侧重“不顾困难继续做某事”，常用搭配persist in doing sth.,语气比insist更强。 同义替换： persist,stick to 例句： She insisted on going to the party alone. 真题链接：（沪外版八年级下册单元测试）》 My father that we should leave early to avoid traffic jams. A.insists B.promises C.forgets (答案：A) 6.widely/'waIdli/adv.广泛地：普遍地 词义辨析： widely:强调“范围广”，如widely known(广为人知)、widely used(被广泛使用)。 broadly:侧重“宽度上的广阔”或“概括性地”，如speak broadly(笼统地说)，使用频率低于 widely。 同义替换： extensively,generally 例句： English is widely spoken all over the world. 真题链接：（沪外版八年级下册期末测试） This new technology isused in many factories now. A.widely B.hardly C.nearly (答案：A) 7.custom/kAstam/n.习俗：风俗：习惯 词义辨析： custom:指“一个群体或社会长期形成的传统习俗”，如social customs(社会习俗)。 habit:侧重“个人长期养成的习惯”，如a good habit(好习惯)。 同义替换： tradition,practice 例句： It's a custom in China to eat dumplings during Spring Festival. 真题链接：（沪外版八年级下册同步练习） Drinking tea after meals is a in many parts of China. A.custom B.habit C.rule(答案：A) 8.be disgusted with/bi dis'gastid wi/phrase对·感到厌恶 3 8年级下册沪外版 【同步练习】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： be disgusted with:强调“因某人/某事的不良性质而感到反感”，程度较强，如be disgusted with lies(厌恶谎言)。 be tired of:指“对某事感到厌烦”，侧重“失去兴趣”，如be tired of waiting(厌倦等待)。 同义替换： be sick of,be fed up with 例句： She was disgusted with his rude behavior at the party. 真题链接：（沪外版八年级下册单元练习） Many people are the pollution in the river. A.disgusted with B.interested in C.proud of (答案：A) 9.accidentally/,eksr'dentali/adv.偶然地；意外地 词义辨析： accidentally:侧重“意外发生，非故意的”，如accidentally break a cup(不小心打碎杯子)。 by chance:介词短语，含义与accidentally相近，常放句首或句末，如I met her by chance. 同义替换： by accident,unexpectedly 例句： He accidentally deleted the important file from his computer. 真题链接：（沪外版八年级下册期末复习题） I found my lost key under the sofa when I was cleaning. A.accidentally B.carefully C.usually (答案：A) l0.global travel/'glaubl'trev/phrase环球旅行 词义辨析： global travel:强调“覆盖全球范围的旅行”，突出地理广度，如dream of global travel(梦想环球 旅行)。 world tour:侧重“有计划的环球游览”，常指“巡回演出或旅行”，如a world tour concert(环球 演唱会)。 同义替换： worldwide travel,around-the-world travel 例句： His job allows him to enjoy global travel and experience different cultures. 真题链接：（沪外版八年级下册拓展阅读题） After saving money for years,she finally started her A.global travel B.city tour C.school trip (答案：A) 11.gesture/'d3este)/n.w.手势：姿势：做手势 8年级下册沪外版 【同步练习】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： gesture:侧重“通过肢体动作表达思想或情感”，如make a gesture(做手势)，可作名词或动词。 sign:作名词时指“具有象征意义的符号或标志”，如traffic signs(交通标志)，也可指“手势”， 但更强调“示意”。 同义替换： signal,movement 例句： He made a gesture of peace with his hands 真题链接：（沪外版八年级下册同步练习） The teacher used a_ to tell us to be quiet. A.gesture B.word C.song (答案：A) 12.litter/'lta(r)/n.~.垃圾：废弃物：乱扔 词义辨析： litter:作名词时指“散落的垃圾”，不可数：作动词时强调“随意丢弃垃圾”，如litter the street (乱扔垃圾)。 ubbish:仅作名词，泛指“各种垃圾”，口语中常用，如take out the rubbish(倒垃圾)。 同义替换： rubbish,trash(动词：throw away) 例句： It's illegal to litter in public places. 真题链接：（沪外版八年级下册环保主题题） Don't paper on the ground.Please put it in the bin. A.litter B.collect C.recycle (答案：A) 13.renew /r'nju:/v.重新开始：更新：续期 词义辨析： renew:侧重“使某物恢复原状态或有效期”，如renew a library book(续借图书)、renew energy (恢复精力)。 update:指“更新信息、设备等使其保持最新”，如update a computer system（更新电脑系统)。 同义替换： refresh,extend 例句： We need to renew our passport before traveling abroad 真题链接：（沪外版八年级下册单元测试） You must your membership card if you want to continue using the gym. A.renew B.lose C. 8年级下册沪外版 【同步练习】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 综合演练 综合练习 、 单项选择 1.My grandmother wasall night because of the pain in her back. A.awake B.wake C.asleep 2.You shouldyour sunglasses before going out on sunny days. A.wear B.put on C.dress 3.I'm sorry toyou,but could you please turn down the music a little? A.disturb B.bother C.help 4.Close your eyes andyou are standing at the top of the mountain. A.imagine B.think C.remember 5.My motheron cooking healthy food for us every day,even though she is very busy. A.insists B.persists C.forgets 6.This new smartphone is_popular among young people in many countries. A.widely B.broadly C.nearly 7.In some Western countries,it's a_to give presents on Christmas Eve. A.custom B.habit C.rule 8.Many people arethe bad service of this restaurant. A.disgusted with B.interested in C.proud of 9.Shemet her old friend at the airport when she was traveling to Paris. A.accidentally B.by chance C.carefully 10.After retiring,Mr.Smith plans to start his-to visit all the continents. A.global travel B.world tour C.city tour 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.It'spolite to use a_()to greet others in some cultures. 2.Don't()plastic bags on the street.It's bad for the environment 3.You need to()your passport before your next trip abroad. 4.The little boy_(意外地)broke the window while playing football.. 6 8年级下册沪外版 【同步练习】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 5.My father often tells me stories about his_(环球旅行)when he was young.. 6.The teacher asked us to()life in the future without technology. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.She insists on (go)to the concert with her friends. 2.English is(wide)used as an international language. 3.He(accidental)found a wallet lying on the ground yesterday. 4.It's a good(custom)to shake hands when you meet someone for the first time. 5.Please don't(disturb)the students during the exam. 四、完成句子 1.他昨晚醒着直到凌晨三点才睡着。 Heuntil 3 a.m.last night 2.妈妈总是坚持我们应该每天早上吃早餐。 My mother always_that we_have breakfast every morning. 3.这种新机器已经在工厂里被广泛使用了。 This new machinein factories. 4.不要打扰他，他正在认真看书。 Don't;he is reading carefully. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Maria loves traveling and dreams of_(1)(global)travel.Last summer,she decided to start her jour- ney.She packedher bags and(2)(wear)a comfortable coat.On the first day,she_(3)(accidental) met a local guide who helped her a lot.The guide told her about the(4)(custom)of the area and taught her some basic_(5)(gesture)to communicate with locals.Maria was surprised that English was_(6)(wide)spoken there.She(7)(insist)on learning some local phrases,which made the trip more enjoyable.At night,she often stayed awake,thinking about the next day's plan.She never (8)(litter)anywhere and always kept the environment clean.By the end of the trip,Maria felt she had learned a lot about different cultures. 8年级下册沪外版 【同步练习】 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 参考答案 I单项选择 1.A2B3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.gesture 2.litter 3.renew 4.accidentally 5.global travel 6.imagine ⅡI.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.going 2.widely 3.accidentally 4.custom 5.disturb V.完成句子 1.was awake 2.insists;should 3.is widely used 4.disturb him V.语篇填空 1.global 2.wore 3.accidentally 4.customs 5.gestures 6.widely 7.insisted 8.littered 8