Unit 1 Not Too Short-2025-2026学年八年级下册英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲（教科版）

8年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 寒假专版 【Unit1】Not Too Short 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 century/'sentfari//n.世纪；百年 give up/gIv△p/短语放弃；戒除；造；出产/prodju::s/n.农产品 participate /pa:'tisipert/v.参与：交出 southern/'sa3n/adj.南方的：南 参加 tr ain /trem/v.训练；培养；培训部的 disadvantage/,drsad'va:ntd/n.n.火车；列车 treasure/tre3r)/n.宝藏：珍宝 缺点：不利条件；劣势 national/'nae[nal/adj.国家的：财富v.珍视；珍爱 successful/sak'sesfl/adj.成功民族的：全国性的 note/naut/n.笔记；便条；音符 的：如愿以偿的 gold/gaold/n.黄金；金色adj.金V.记录；留意 crust /krAst/n.外壳：地壳：面色的；金质的 will /wi/modal v.将要；会；愿 包皮 produce /pr3'djus/V.生产；制意n.意志；决心；遗嘱 词义辨析及同义替换 1.participate /pa:'tspert/v.参与；参加 词义辨析： participate:为正式用语，后常接介词in,表示参与某项活动或事件并发挥作用。 joi:侧重加入某个组织、团体或人群，成为其中一员，后接组织名称或sb.。 take part in:指参加群众性活动、会议等，强调参与并分享其中的一部分，比participate更口语 化。 同义替换： join in,take part in 例句： All students are encouraged to participate in the school sports meeting. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册同步练习） Many volunteers will the environmental project this weekend. A.participate B.join in C.take part(答案：B) 2.successful/sak'sesfl/adj.成功的；如愿以偿的 8年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： successful:强调通过努力获得预期结果，可作定语或表语，常搭配be successful in(doing)sth.。 prosperous: 侧重指经济上繁荣的、兴旺的，多用于形容国家、事业等。 同义替换： fruitful.victorious 例句： Her successful business has made her a lot of money. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册单元测试） After years of hard work,he finally became a writer A.successful B.pr'osperous C.helpful(答案：A) 3.train /tremn/v.训练；培养；培训n.火车；列车 词义辨析： ain(动词)：指通过系统的指导和练习使某人掌握技能或养成习惯，宾语可以是人或动物。 teach:侧重传授知识、技能或指导某人做某事，直接接宾语或双宾语。 同义替换： drill,coach 例句： The coach is training the team for the upcoming competition. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册期末复习题） My father often me how to play basketball on weekends. A.trains B.teaches C.practices (答案：B) 4.produce /pr3'dju:s/V.生产：制造；出产/'prDdju:s/n.农产品 词义辨析： produce(动词)：指通过劳动或加工从原材料中生产出产品，可用于工业、农业等领域。 make:含义广泛，指用材料制作或造出某物，普通用词。 同义替换： manufacture,create 例句： This factory produces cars of high quality. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册同步练习） Farmers in the south. a lot ofrice every year. A.produce B.make C.grow (答案：A) 5.easure/tre3ar)/n.宝藏；珍宝；财富v.珍视；珍爱 词义辨析： treasure(动词)：强调因具有极高价值或意义而珍视，比value的感情色彩更强烈。 value:指重视某人或某物的价值，认为其重要。 8年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： cherish,value 例句： We should treasure the time we spend with our family. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册阅读专项） She the old photo very much because it reminds her of her childhood. A.treasures B.values C.likes(答案：A) 6.note/naut/n.笔记：便条；音符v.记录：留意 词义辨析： note(动词)：指快速、简要地记录下来，也可表示注意到某事。 recor:强调将声音、图像、文字等永久地记录下来以便保存或查阅。 同义替换： jot down,notice 例句： Please note down the important points during the meeting 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册单元测试） He likes to his thoughts in a diary every day. A.note B.record C.write (答案：B) 7.will /wIl/modal v.将要；会：愿意n.意志：决心：遗嘱 词义辨析： wl(情态动词)：表示将来的意愿、预见或习惯性动作，无人称和数的变化。 be going to:强调计划、打算或根据迹象判断即将发生的事情。 同义替换： shall(第一人称)，be going to 例句： I will visit my grandparents next Sunday. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册语法练习） Look at the dark clouds.It rain soon. A.will B.is going to C.shall (答案：B) 8.give up/grv Ap/短语放弃；戒除；交出 词义辨析： gvep:指主动放弃努力、计划或戒掉某种习惯，后接名词、代词或动名词。 abandon:语气更强，指彻底放弃或遗弃某人、某物，可能带有不负责任的意味。 同义替换： quit,abandon 3 8年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 例句： You should never give up your dreams easily 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册同步练习） He decided to smoking for the sake of his health. A.give up B.abandon C.put down (答案：A) 9.national/'naefnal/adj.国家的；民族的：全国性的 词义辨析： national:指属于国家的、全国范围的或与民族相关的，强调国家层面。 international:指国际的、跨国的，涉及多个国家。 同义替换： state,nationwide 例句： The National Day is a very important festival in China 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册单元测试） The basketball team will represent our country in the Olympics. A.national B.international C.local(答案：A) 10.gold/ga5ld/n.黄金：金色adj.金色的；金质的 词义辨析： gold(形容词)：指金质的、金色的，强调材质或颜色是金的。 gold:除指金色的外，还可表示像黄金一样珍贵的、美好的，比喻义较强。 同义替换： golden 例句： She wears a gold necklace around her neck 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册阅读练习） The sunset dyed the sky a color. A.gold B.golden C.yellow (答案：B) 11.southern/'saan/adj.南方的：南部的 词义辨析： southern:形容词，指位于南方的或来自南方的，作定语。 south:可作名词、形容词或副词，作形容词时只用于名词前，表示“南方的”，不如southern常 用。 同义替换： south 例句： The southern part of China is very warm in winter. 8年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册地理知识相关练习） Guangzhou is a big city in thepart of China. A.southern B.south C.southeastern (答案：A) l2.disadvantage/.dsad'va:ntId3yn.缺点；不利条件；劣势 词义辨析： disadvantage:指不利因素、缺点，与advantage相反，常搭配at a disadvantage。 shortcoming:侧重指某人或某物的不足之处、缺点，语气相对较轻。 同义替换： drawback,shortcoming 例句： Living in a big city has both advantages and disadvantages. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册同步练习） One of the of this plan is that it will cost too much money. A.disadvantages B.shortcomings C.mistakes (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.Our school encourages all students to in after-school activities to develop their interests. A.participate B.join C.take part 2.After years of hard work,her company became and expanded to other cities. A.successful B.prosperous C.helpful 3.My coach has been me to improve my swimming skills for the competition. A.training B.teaching C.practicing 4.This farm fresh vegetables and supplies them to local markets every day A.produces B.makes 8年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 C.grows 5.My grandmother the old family photo album because it holds many precious memories. A.treasures B.values C.likes 6.Please down the main points of the lecture so you can review them later A.note B.record C.write 7.Look at the heavy snow outside!It. be very cold tomorrow morning. A.will B.is going to C.shall 8.Many young people decide to junk food to keep a healthy diet. A.give up B.abandon C.put down 9.The flag of China is raised every morning in Tiananmen Square. A.national B.international C.local 10.The light of the setting sun made the beach look like a fairyland. A.gold B.golden C.yellow 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.We should (the friendship between classmates and help each other. 2.The factory was built to (生产)environmentally friendly products.. 3.She won a (金色的)medal in the school sports meeting last year. 4.The (国家的)museum attracts millions of visitors from all over the world, 5.After trying many times,he finally (成功的)in solving the difficult problem. 6.My father often tells me not to (when facing difficulties. 6 8年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The teacher is (train)the students to use computers for their projects. 2.This region is known for (produce)high-quality tea leaves. 3.She has a strong (will)to achieve her goals no matter how hard it is 4.We should (treasure)every moment we spend with our family members. 5.The (south)part of the country is famous for its beautiful beaches. 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.他决定参加学校的英语演讲比赛。 He decided to the school English speech contest. 2.这家公司成功地研发了一种新型节能汽车。 The company developing a new type of energy-saving car. 3.农民们每年在南方种植大量水稻。 Farmers rice in the south every year. 4.我们应该珍视与家人共度的时光，因为它非常宝贵。 We should the time we spend with our family because it is very precious. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Jane is a (success)student in our class.She always (participate)in various school activities and never(give up)easily.Last month,she joined the (nation)English com- petition.Her teacher spent a lot of time(train)her pronunciation and speaking skills.Jane (treasure)this opportunity and practiced very hard every day.Finally,she won the first prize. Her parents were proud of her (achieve).Now,Jane often tells us that we should (value) every chance to improve ourselves. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.A2B3.A4.A5.A6.A7.B8.A9.A10.B 8年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 IⅡ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.treasure 2.produce 3.golden 4.national 5.successful 6.give up I用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.training 2.producing 3.will 4.treasure 5.southern V.完成句子 1.take part in 2.was successful in 3.produce a lot of 4.treasure V.语篇填空 1.successful 2.participates 3.gives up 4.national 5.training 6.treasured 7.achieve- ments 8.value P