Unit3语法讲解及习题：过去进行时与 when_while 的用法-2025-2026学年北师大版八年级英语上册

北师大版英语八上Unit3语法讲解及习题 过去进行时与 when/while 的用法 一、过去进行时（Past continuous） （一）核心含义 过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作，强调动作的“进行性”和“持续性”。 （二）结构公式 肯定句：主语 + was/were + 动词-ing 否定句：主语 + was/were + not + 动词-ing 一般疑问句：Was/Were + 主语 + 动词-ing? 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 动词-ing? （三）动词-ing 变化规则 类型 规则 例词 一般情况 直接 + -ing watch → watching, read → reading 以不发音的 -e 结尾 去 -e + -ing make → making, take → taking 重读闭音节（辅元辅） 双写尾字母 + -ing run → running, stop → stopping 以 -ie 结尾 变 -ie 为 -y + -ing lie → lying, die → dying （四）常见时间状语 at 8 o’clock yesterday at that time from 7 to 9 last night when/while 引导的时间状语从句 （五）例句 1. While she was preparing for her geography test the next day, her sister was watching TV with the sound loud. （当她在为第二天的地理考试做准备时，她的姐姐正在大声看电视。） 2. For example, we were just pretending to be cool among our new friends when actually we were feeling nervous. （例如，我们只是在新朋友面前假装很酷，而实际上我们感到很紧张。） 二、when 与 while 的用法 （一）核心区别 连词 用法 例句 when 1. 引导的从句动作可以是短暂性或延续性的； 2. 主句动作和从句动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。 When I got home, my mom was cooking.（我到家时，妈妈正在做饭。） while 1. 引导的从句动作必须是延续性的； 2. 主句动作和从句动作同时发生，强调“在……期间”。 While my mom was cooking, I was doing my homework.（妈妈做饭时，我在做作业。） （二）句型结构 1. 过去进行时 + when + 一般过去时：表示“当一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行”。 I was walking in the park when it started to rain.（我正在公园散步，这时开始下雨了。） 2. 过去进行时 + while + 过去进行时：表示“两个动作同时在过去进行”。 While I was walking in the park, my friend was running.（我在公园散步时，我的朋友在跑步。） （三）例句 1. Every morning, when she was getting dressed, she looked at herself in the mirror. （每天早上，当她穿衣服时，她会照镜子。） 2. While Jenny was sitting in class, she looked around and wondered. （珍妮坐在教室里时，她环顾四周，感到疑惑。） 三、综合练习题 （一）单项选择 1. I __________ TV when my father came home. A. watch B. watched C. was watching D. am watching 2. While my mom __________ dinner, my dad was reading a newspaper. A. cook B. cooked C. was cooking D. is cooking 3. What __________ you __________ at 8 o’clock last night? A. do; do B. did; do C. were; doing D. are; doing 4. I was reading a book __________ my brother came in. A. when B. while C. because D. if 5. While we __________ to the radio, the light went out. A. listen B. listened C. were listening D. are listening 6. She __________ when I called her. A. sleep B. slept C. was sleeping D. is sleeping 7. What were you doing __________ the accident happened? A. when B. while C. because D. if 8. While my sister __________ a movie, I was doing my homework. A. watch B. watched C. was watching D. is watching 9. I __________ to music when my friend called me. A. listen B. listened C. was listening D. am listening 10. When I got to the station, the train __________ . A. leave B. left C. was leaving D. is leaving （二）用所给词的适当形式填空（10题） 1. While I __________ (walk) in the park, I saw a cat. 2. What __________ you __________ (do) at 9 o’clock yesterday? 3. My mom __________ (cook) dinner when I got home. 4. While my dad __________ (read) a newspaper, my mom was watching TV. 5. I __________ (do) my homework when my friend came in. 6. When the teacher came in, we __________ (talk) loudly. 7. While we __________ (play) football, it started to rain. 8. What were you doing when I __________ (call) you? 9. She __________ (dance) when I saw her. 10. While my brother __________ (sleep), I was studying. （三）句型转换（6题） 1. I was reading a book. My brother came in.（合并为一句） I was reading a book __________ my brother came in. 2. My mom was cooking dinner. My dad was reading a newspaper.（合并为一句） ______ my mom was cooking dinner, my dad was reading a newspaper. 3. I was doing my homework at 8 o’clock last night.（改为一般疑问句） ______ you __________ your homework at 8 o’clock last night? 4. She was watching TV when I called her.（对划线部分提问） ______ was she __________ when you called her? 5. We were playing football when it started to rain.（改为否定句） We __________ __________ football when it started to rain. 6. He was sleeping when the alarm went off.（改为同义句） ______ he was sleeping, the alarm went off. （四）完成句子（6题） 1. 昨天晚上8点我正在做作业。 I __________ __________ my homework at 8 o’clock last night. 2. 当我到家时，妈妈正在做饭。 When I got home, my mom __________ __________ dinner. 3. 我正在公园散步，这时开始下雨了。 I was walking in the park __________ it started to rain. 4. 妈妈做饭时，我在做作业。 ______ my mom was cooking, I was doing my homework. 5. 当老师进来时，我们正在大声说话。 When the teacher came in, we __________ __________ loudly. 6. 昨天这个时候你在做什么？ What __________ you __________ at this time yesterday? 四、参考答案及解析 （一）单项选择（10题） 1. C。when 引导的从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时，表示“当一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行”。 2. C。while 引导的从句和主句都用过去进行时，表示“两个动作同时在过去进行”。 3. C。at 8 o’clock last night 是过去的具体时间点，用过去进行时。 4. A。when 引导的从句动作是短暂性的（came in），主句用过去进行时。 5. C。while 引导的从句动作是延续性的（listen to the radio），用过去进行时。 6. C。when 引导的从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时。 7. A。when 引导的从句动作是短暂性的（happened），主句用过去进行时。 8. C。while 引导的从句和主句都用过去进行时，表示“两个动作同时在过去进行”。 9. C。when 引导的从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时。 10. C。when 引导的从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时，表示“火车正要离开”。 （二）用所给词的适当形式填空（10题） 1. was walking。while 引导的从句用过去进行时。 2. were; doing。at 9 o’clock yesterday 是过去的具体时间点，用过去进行时。 3. was cooking。when 引导的从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时。 4. was reading。while 引导的从句和主句都用过去进行时。 5. was doing。when 引导的从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时。 6. were talking。when 引导的从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时。 7. were playing。while 引导的从句用过去进行时。 8. called。when 引导的从句用一般过去时。 9. was dancing。when 引导的从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时。 10. was sleeping。while 引导的从句和主句都用过去进行时。 （三）句型转换（6题） 1. when。when 引导的从句动作是短暂性的（came in），主句用过去进行时。 2. While。while 引导的从句和主句都用过去进行时，表示“两个动作同时在过去进行”。 3. Were; doing。过去进行时的一般疑问句要把 was/were 提到句首。 4. What; doing。对动作提问用 what。 5. weren’t playing。过去进行时的否定句在 was/were 后加 not。 6. While。while 引导的从句动作是延续性的（sleeping），主句用一般过去时。 （四）完成句子（6题） 1. was doing。at 8 o’clock last night 是过去的具体时间点，用过去进行时。 2. was cooking。when 引导的从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时。 3. when。when 引导的从句动作是短暂性的（started to rain），主句用过去进行时。 4. While。while 引导的从句和主句都用过去进行时，表示“两个动作同时在过去进行”。 5. were talking。when 引导的从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时。 6. were; doing。at this time yesterday 是过去的具体时间点，用过去进行时。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $