Unit 6 Beautiful landscapes 不定代词和what how引导的感叹句 (语法讲解+分层精练）-2025-2026学年译林版英语七年级下册

Unit 6 Beautiful landscapes （不定代词和what/how引导的感叹句） (语法讲解+分层精练） 目 录 一、语法讲解 1 （一）不定代词 1 1. 复合不定代词 1 2. 常考不定代词辨析 2 （二）感叹句 2 1. What引导（中心词是名词） 2 2. How引导（中心词是形容词/副词） 2 3. 同义句转换（高频考题） 2 二、中考题型专练30题 2 （一）语法填空（15题） 2 （二）单项选择（10题） 3 （三）句型转换（5题） 4 一、语法讲解 （一）不定代词 1. 复合不定代词 类别 指人 指物 核心考点 肯定 somebody, someone something ① 形后置：形容词必须放后面（something important） 否定 nobody, no one nothing ② 三单主谓：作主语视为单数（Nobody knows） 疑问/否定 anybody, anyone anything ③ 肯定请求：表“请求、建议”的疑问句用something（Would you like something?） 易错警示： （1）anything用于否定句/疑问句，肯定句要用something （2）nothing = not…anything（完全否定） 2. 常考不定代词辨析 代词 含义 考点 one/it 泛指/特指 one=同类不同个（表泛指）；it=同类同物（特指前文） another 另一个 泛指三者或以上中的“另一个” the other 另一个 特指两者中的另一个，固定搭配：one…the other… other/others 其他的 other+名词复数；others=other+名词复数（泛指） both/neither 两者 both（两者都）；neither（两者都不） all/none 三者+ all（全都）；none（全都不） little/a little 不可数 little（几乎没有，否定）；a little（一点，肯定） （二）感叹句 1. What引导（中心词是名词） 结构 示例 What + a/an + adj. + 单数名词 (+主谓)! What a clever boy (he is)! What + adj. + 复数名词 (+主谓)! What beautiful flowers! What + adj. + 不可数名词 (+主谓)! What fine weather! 2. How引导（中心词是形容词/副词） 结构 示例 How + adj./adv. (+主谓)! How fast he runs! How + adj. + a/an + 单数名词! How clever a boy! 3. 同义句转换（高频考题） What a clever boy! = How clever the boy is! What fine weather! = How fine the weather is! 解题口诀：先去主谓，再看末尾；有名用what，形副用how。 二、中考题型专练30题 （一）语法填空（15题） 1. I have two pens. One is red, and ______ is blue. 2. There isn’t ______ (something) interesting in today’s newspaper. 3. ______ fine weather it is today! 4. Would you like ______ (something) to drink? 5. Both Tom and Jack ______ (be) interested in music. 6. Don’t worry! It’s just a cold. It’s ______ (something) serious. 7. The light went out. It was dark and ______ could be seen. 8. Joey is new here, so we know ______ (anything) about him. 9. How ______ (care) you are! You’ve knocked the cup off again. 10. I tried two bookstores, but ______ of them had the book. 11. Some students clean the classroom, and ______ (other) clean the playground. 12. There is ______ (someone) else in the room. (改为否定句) 13. How ______ (love) these animals are! 14. We need juice. There is ______ (little) left in the fridge. 15. ______ bad the weather is! （二）单项选择（10题） 1. — Don’t be angry with your kid. No one is perfect. — I know. ______ of us are perfect after all. A. None ; B. Neither ; C. Each ; D. All 2. — There’s no salt left, Jim. Would you like to get ______? — OK, Mum! A. it ; B. one ; C. some ; D. any 3. Old Mr. Black lives happily with his three dogs. ______ of them are part of his family. A. Both ; B. All ; C. None ; D. Neither 4. I’ve been bored for a long time. I hope to have ______ to do. A. exciting anything ; B. nothing exciting ; C. something interesting ; D. good something 5. — What a bad day! — Everyone has days when ______ goes right. A. nothing ; B. anything ; C. everything ; D. something 6. — I’m a little hungry, Dad. — See the cupcakes? You can take ______. Dinner is ready soon. A. it ; B. one ; C. this ; D. that 7. There is ______ wrong with Tom’s leg. We should send him to hospital. A. something ; B. anything ; C. everything ; D. nothing 8. The twins are in different classes. One is in Class One, and ______ is in Class Two. A. another ; B. other ; C. the other ; D. others 9. ______ exciting news it is! A. How ; B. What ; C. What a ; D. How a 10. ______ fast the boy runs! A. What ; B. What a ; C. How ; D. How a （三）句型转换（5题） 1. What a clever boy he is! (改为同义句) → ______ ______ the boy is! 2. How fine the weather is! (改为同义句) → ______ ______ weather it is! 3. There is nothing important in the box. (改为同义句) → There ______ ______ important in the box. 4. Both of them can answer the question. (改为否定句) → ______ of them ______ answer the question. 5. I have something to tell you. (改为一般疑问句) → Do you have ______ to tell me? 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Beautiful landscapes （不定代词和what/how引导的感叹句） (语法讲解+分层精练） 目 录 一、语法讲解 1 （一）不定代词 1 1. 复合不定代词 1 2. 常考不定代词辨析 2 （二）感叹句 2 1. What引导（中心词是名词） 2 2. How引导（中心词是形容词/副词） 2 3. 同义句转换（高频考题） 2 二、中考题型专练30题 3 （一）语法填空（15题） 3 （二）单项选择（10题） 3 （三）句型转换（5题） 4 一、语法讲解 （一）不定代词 1. 复合不定代词 类别 指人 指物 核心考点 肯定 somebody, someone something ① 形后置：形容词必须放后面（something important） 否定 nobody, no one nothing ② 三单主谓：作主语视为单数（Nobody knows） 疑问/否定 anybody, anyone anything ③ 肯定请求：表“请求、建议”的疑问句用something（Would you like something?） 易错警示： （1）anything用于否定句/疑问句，肯定句要用something （2）nothing = not…anything（完全否定） 2. 常考不定代词辨析 代词 含义 考点 one/it 泛指/特指 one=同类不同个（表泛指）；it=同类同物（特指前文） another 另一个 泛指三者或以上中的“另一个” the other 另一个 特指两者中的另一个，固定搭配：one…the other… other/others 其他的 other+名词复数；others=other+名词复数（泛指） both/neither 两者 both（两者都）；neither（两者都不） all/none 三者+ all（全都）；none（全都不） little/a little 不可数 little（几乎没有，否定）；a little（一点，肯定） （二）感叹句 1. What引导（中心词是名词） 结构 示例 What + a/an + adj. + 单数名词 (+主谓)! What a clever boy (he is)! What + adj. + 复数名词 (+主谓)! What beautiful flowers! What + adj. + 不可数名词 (+主谓)! What fine weather! 2. How引导（中心词是形容词/副词） 结构 示例 How + adj./adv. (+主谓)! How fast he runs! How + adj. + a/an + 单数名词! How clever a boy! 3. 同义句转换（高频考题） What a clever boy! = How clever the boy is! What fine weather! = How fine the weather is! 解题口诀：先去主谓，再看末尾；有名用what，形副用how。 二、中考题型专练30题 （一）语法填空（15题） 1. I have two pens. One is red, and ______ is blue. 2. There isn’t ______ (something) interesting in today’s newspaper. 3. ______ fine weather it is today! 4. Would you like ______ (something) to drink? 5. Both Tom and Jack ______ (be) interested in music. 6. Don’t worry! It’s just a cold. It’s ______ (something) serious. 7. The light went out. It was dark and ______ could be seen. 8. Joey is new here, so we know ______ (anything) about him. 9. How ______ (care) you are! You’ve knocked the cup off again. 10. I tried two bookstores, but ______ of them had the book. 11. Some students clean the classroom, and ______ (other) clean the playground. 12. There is ______ (someone) else in the room. (改为否定句) 13. How ______ (love) these animals are! 14. We need juice. There is ______ (little) left in the fridge. 15. ______ bad the weather is! （二）单项选择（10题） 1. — Don’t be angry with your kid. No one is perfect. — I know. ______ of us are perfect after all. A. None ; B. Neither ; C. Each ; D. All 2. — There’s no salt left, Jim. Would you like to get ______? — OK, Mum! A. it ; B. one ; C. some ; D. any 3. Old Mr. Black lives happily with his three dogs. ______ of them are part of his family. A. Both ; B. All ; C. None ; D. Neither 4. I’ve been bored for a long time. I hope to have ______ to do. A. exciting anything ; B. nothing exciting ; C. something interesting ; D. good something 5. — What a bad day! — Everyone has days when ______ goes right. A. nothing ; B. anything ; C. everything ; D. something 6. — I’m a little hungry, Dad. — See the cupcakes? You can take ______. Dinner is ready soon. A. it ; B. one ; C. this ; D. that 7. There is ______ wrong with Tom’s leg. We should send him to hospital. A. something ; B. anything ; C. everything ; D. nothing 8. The twins are in different classes. One is in Class One, and ______ is in Class Two. A. another ; B. other ; C. the other ; D. others 9. ______ exciting news it is! A. How ; B. What ; C. What a ; D. How a 10. ______ fast the boy runs! A. What ; B. What a ; C. How ; D. How a （三）句型转换（5题） 1. What a clever boy he is! (改为同义句) → ______ ______ the boy is! 2. How fine the weather is! (改为同义句) → ______ ______ weather it is! 3. There is nothing important in the box. (改为同义句) → There ______ ______ important in the box. 4. Both of them can answer the question. (改为否定句) → ______ of them ______ answer the question. 5. I have something to tell you. (改为一般疑问句) → Do you have ______ to tell me? 参考答案与详细解析 （一）语法填空解析 1. the other —— 两者中“一个…另一个…”固定为one…the other。 2. anything —— isn't否定句，something变anything。 3. What —— weather不可数名词，What+adj+不可数n!。 4. something —— 表请求建议的疑问句用something。 5. are —— Both…and…作主语为复数。 6. nothing —— 感冒不严重，“没什么严重的”。 7. nothing —— 灯灭了，“什么也看不见”。 8. nothing —— 新来的，“对她一无所知”。 9. careless —— 把杯子打翻是“粗心的”。 10. neither —— 两家书店都没有，两者否定。 11. the others —— some…the others…（剩余所有）。 12. no one / not…anyone —— 完全否定。 13. lovely —— How+adj+主谓！ 14. little —— 表否定，“几乎没有”。 15. How —— bad是形容词，How+adj+主谓。 （二）单项选择解析 1. A —— of us（三者以上），根据“没有人完美”选none。 2. C —— salt不可数；请求语气疑问句用some。 3. B —— three dogs（三者），肯定句用All。 4. C —— 形容词后置，排除A/D；无聊是“希望有有趣的事”。 5. A —— “诸事不顺”，nothing goes right。 6. B —— 蛋糕中的“一个”，同类不同物，泛指用one。 7. A —— 送医院，肯定是有问题。 8. C —— 双胞胎，两者中的另一个。 9. B —— news不可数名词，What+adj+不可数n。 10. C —— fast是副词，How+adv+主谓。 （三）句型转换解析 1. How clever —— What+a+adj+n 转 How+adj+主谓。 2. What fine —— How+adj+主谓 转 What+adj+n。 3. isn‘t anything —— nothing = not anything。 4. Neither; can —— both否定=neither。 5. anything —— 肯定句something变疑问/否定时要改为anything。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $