内容正文:
Unit 2
八年级上册
2026重庆英语(课标版)
《学本课堂》
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目
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回归教材 · 知识梳理
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课堂达标 · 高效提能
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词汇盘点 · 素养积累
考点综述
词汇盘点 · 素养积累
01
Unit 2
Topic 1 1.toothache n.牙痛
2.dentist n.牙科医生
3.backache n.背痛
4.headache n.头痛
短语:have a toothache/fever/cold/cough/headache/stomachache牙疼、发烧、感冒、咳嗽、头疼、胃疼
5.suggest v.建议,提议 →suggestion n.建议,提议
6.fever n.发烧;发热
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Unit 2
Topic 1 7.cough n.& v.咳嗽
8.stomachache n.胃疼
9.coffee n.咖啡
10.tea n.茶;茶叶
11.enough adj.足够的,充分的 adv.足够
12.boil v.沸腾;烧开
13.lift v.举起,抬起;(云、烟等)消散 n.(英)电梯
14.terrible adj.糟糕的;可怕的
15.flu n.流行性感冒 短语:have the flu 得流感
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Unit 2
Topic 1 16.medicine n.药 短语:take the medicine 吃药
17.suggestion n.建议,提议
18.candy n.糖果
19.brush(pl.brushes)v.刷;擦 n.刷子
20.tooth(pl.teeth)n.牙齿 →toothache n.牙痛
21.lie n.躺,平躺
→lay(过去式) →lain(过去分词) →lying(现在分词)
短语:lie down 躺下
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Unit 2
Topic 1 22.while conj.当……时候;而,然而 n.一段时间,一会儿
23.skateboard n.滑板
24.cry n.叫喊,叫声 v.哭,喊叫
25.taxi n.出租车
26.serious adj.严重的;严肃的;认真的
→seriously adv.严重地;严肃地;认真地
短语:nothing serious 没什么严重
27.pill n.药丸,药片
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Unit 2
Topic 1 28.care n.照顾,照看;小心,谨慎 v.关心,关怀;关注,在意
短语:take care of/look after关心,照顾
29.sincerely adv.真诚地;诚实地
30.still adv.仍然,还是
31.fruit n.水果,果实,结果
32.worry v.& n.担心,担忧 短语:worry about担心,烦恼
33.advice n.忠告,劝告,建议 短语:follow advice 听从建议
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Unit 2
Topic 2 1.tired adj.疲倦的,疲劳的
2.cause v.使发生,引起,导致 n.原因,起因
3.litter n.废弃物,垃圾 v.乱丢杂物
短语:throw litter around 乱扔垃圾
4.dustbin n.垃圾箱
5.fingernail n.指甲
6.meal n.一餐(饭)
7.without prep.没有,缺乏;不和……在一起
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Unit 2
Topic 2 8.article n.文章;物品;冠词
9.smoke v.吸烟;冒烟 n.烟
→smoked(过去式/过去分词) →smoking(现在分词)
10.even adv.甚至,即使
11.cancer n.癌,癌症
12.energy n.精力,活力,干劲
13.necessary adj.必需的,必要的
14.active adj.积极的,活跃的
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Unit 2
Topic 2 15.tomato(pl.tomatoes) n.西红柿,番茄
16.cabbage n.卷心菜,洋白菜
17.staple n.主食
18.wheat n.小麦
19.salt n.盐,食盐
20.sugar n.食糖
21.illness n.病,疾病
22.weak adj.虚弱的,无力的
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Unit 2
Topic 2 23.cream n.奶油,乳脂 短语:ice cream冰激凌
24.force v.强迫,迫使
25.childhood n.童年,幼年
26.plate n.盘子,碟子;一盘
27.mad adj.疯的
28.taste v.尝,品,吃 n.品味,审美
29.surprised adj.感到惊讶的,出人意料的
短语:be surprised to do sth.做某事……感到惊讶
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Unit 2
Topic 2 30.watermelon n.西瓜
31.potato (pl.potatoes)n.土豆,马铃薯 短语:potato chips 薯条
32.sandwich n.三明治(夹心面包片)
33.strawberry n.草莓
34.beef n.牛肉
35.biscuit n.饼干
36.shower n.& v.淋浴 短语:take a shower淋浴
37.fact n.事实,真相;现实 短语:in fact事实上,实际上
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Unit 2
Topic 2 38.unhealthy adj.不健康的
39.chemical n.化学品
40.cigarette n.香烟,纸烟
41.body n.身体
42.disease n.病,疾病
43.harm v.& n.危害,伤害,损害
44.smoker n.吸烟者
45.second-hand adj.二手的,旧的
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Unit 2
Topic 2 46.risk n.危险,风险
v.(使)冒……的风险
47.possible adj.可能的,能做到的
→impossible(反义词) adj.不可能存在或发生的;不可能的
短语:as ... as possible尽量……地
as soon as possible 尽快
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Unit 2
Topic 3 1.journalist n.记者,新闻工作者
2.question n.问题 v.询问
3.ahead adv.向前;提前,预先
短语:go ahead(尤指经某人允许)开始,开始做;走在前面
4.prevent v.阻止,阻碍,阻挠
5.build v.增强;建筑,建造
→built(过去式/过去分词) →building n.建筑物
短语:build sb.up增强……体质/强身健体
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Unit 2
Topic 3 6.finally adv.最后;最终,终于
→final adj.最终的;决定性的
7.crowded adj.拥挤的
8.throat n.咽喉,喉咙
9.Internet n.互联网,因特网
10.themselves pron.他/她/它们自己
11.habit n.习惯
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Topic 3 12.fat adj.胖的,肥胖的 n.脂肪
→fatter(比较级)
→fattest(最高级)
→thin(反义词) adj.瘦的
→thinner(比较级)
→thinnest(最高级)
13.happen v.发生,出现
14.happiness n.愉快,幸福
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Topic 3 15.unhappy adj.不高兴的,伤心的
16.stretch v.伸展,舒展
17.equipment n.设备,器材
18.choose v.选择;挑选
19.instead adv.代替,反而 短语:instead of代替
20.cooker n.厨灶,炉具
21.itself pron.它自己
22.off prep.离开 adv.离开
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Unit 2
Topic 3 23.advise v.建议,劝告 →advice n.(不可数名词)建议;劝告
24.herself pron.她自己
25.kill v.杀死
26.symptom n.症状
27.suitable adj.合适的,适宜的
28.dose n.(药的)一剂,一服 v.给(某人)服药
29.instruction n.用法说明,操作指南
30.carefully adv.小心地;慎重地;仔细地
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Unit 2
Topic 3 31.religious adj.宗教(信仰)的
32.except prep.除……之外
33.war n.战争,战争状态
34.athlete n.运动员
35.oneself pron.自己,自身;亲自
36.grandmother n.(外)祖母,奶奶,外婆
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重点
短语 1.see a doctor 看医生
2.drink enough boiled water 喝足够热水
3.have a rest 休息
4.day and night 日日夜夜
5.run to 跑向
6.ask for help 寻求帮助
7.do morning exercises 做早操
8.do eye exercises 做眼保健操
9.give up doing放弃;戒掉
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重点
短语 10.as soon as 一……就……(主将从现)
11.second-hand smoke 二手烟
12.all the time 一直,总是
13.with the help of 在……的帮助下
14.with the development of 随着……的发展
15.first aid 急救
16.be important for sb.to do sth.对某人来说做某事是重要的
17.on one hand...on the other hand 一方面……另一方面……
18.say no to sb./sth.拒绝
19.warm up 热身
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考点综述
回归教材 · 知识梳理
02
24
What’s wrong (with sb.)?句型
What’s wrong with you?(Unit 2 Topic 1 P27)
【拓展】 (1)得知某人生病或者住院时,常用“I’m sorry to hear that./Sorry to hear that.”来回答。
(2)要询问“某人怎么了?”,常用以下句型:
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1.Mary had a bad headache last night.(对划线部分提问)
to Mary last night?
2.You look pale. Is there anything wrong with you?(改为同义句)
You look pale. the with you?
What
happened
What’s
matter/trouble/problem
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辨析advise与suggest
Betty suggests that Kangkang should see a dentist.(Unit 2 Topic 1 P27)
两者都有“建议”的意思,具体区别如下:
单词 用法 例句
advise ①advise sb.(not) to do sth.建议某人(不)做某事
②advise sb.about sth.对某人提出关于……的建议
③advise doing sth.建议做某事
④advise+that从句[虚拟语气:(should+)动词原形]建议某人做某事 I advised him to leave that factory.我建议他离开那家工厂。
The doctor advised/suggested (that) my father (should) stop smoking.
医生建议我爸爸戒烟。
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单词 用法 例句
suggest ①suggest sth.(to sb.)(向某人)建议某事
②suggest doing sth.建议做某事
③suggest+that从句[虚拟语气:(should+)动词原形]建议某人做某事 She suggests/advises going to the movies this weekend.
她建议这周末去看电影。
注:(1)advise的名词形式为advice(不可数),suggest的名词形式为suggestion(可数)。
(2)suggest作“暗示”讲时,从句中不用虚拟语气。
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【拓展】 advice为不可数名词,意为“劝告;意见;建议”,其常见搭配如下:
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1.We advise parents their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger.
A.not leave B.not to leave
C.don’t leave D.not leaving
2.Miss Gao gave me some on how to learn English well.
A.news B.suggestion
C.advice D.message
B
C
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3.The monitor made a good (suggest) at the meeting.
4.They suggest (visit) the old on Sunday.
5.Ask your teacher’s (advise) on how to prepare for the exam.
suggestion
visiting
advice
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You should drink enough boiled water.(Unit 2 Topic 1 P28)
enough常用作形容词或副词,意为“足够的(地);充足的(地);充分的(地)”,其常见用法如下:
enough的用法
词性 用法 图解助记
形容词 修饰名词,置于名词前、后均可(以前置多见)。
副词 修饰动词、形容词或副词,置于所修饰的词之后。
注:enough还可用作代词,意为“足够;充足”。
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【拓展】 enough的常用句式(转换):
not+adj./adv.+enough+to do sth.不够……做某事
=too+adj./adv.+to do sth.
=so+adj./adv.+that从句(用否定形式)
(后两个句型中的adj./adv.为第一个句型中adj./adv.的反义词)
John is not old enough to go to school.=John is too young to go to school.=John is so young that he can’t go to school.约翰太小了,不能去上学。
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1.This meeting hall is to hold about 200 people.
A.too big B.enough big
C.so big D.big enough
2.He is not strong enough the heavy box.
A.carry B.to carry
C.carries D.carrying
D
B
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You had better lie down and rest.(Unit 2 Topic 1 P30)
辨析lie与lay
单词 词性 词义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词
lie 动词 存在;躺;位于 lay lain lying
说谎 lied lied lying
lie 名词 谎言 tell a lie说谎
lay 动词 放置;安放;产(卵),下(蛋) laid laid laying
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规则是撒谎:lie—lied—lied;不规则是躺:lie—lay—lain;躺过就下蛋:lay—laid—laid,下蛋不规则。
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【图解助记】
lie—lay—lain 躺
lie—lied—lied 撒谎
lay—laid—laid 下蛋
lay—laid—laid 放置
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1.Hong Kong in the southeast of China and it’s known as “the Pearl of the East”.
A.lies B.lives C.lays D.lists
2.The young mother the baby down gently on the bed.
A.lied B.laid C.lay D.lain
A
B
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3.The girl on the ground to me that she had the wallet on the desk.
A.lying;lay;laid B.lying;lied;laid
C.lied;lay;lain D.lied;lied;lain
B
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辨析surprise,surprised与surprising
He was surprised to find that it was delicious!(Unit 2 Topic 2 P39)
单词 词性 含义 用法
surprise 名词 惊奇;意外之事 在感叹句中常与不定冠词a连用。
to one’s surprise
使某人惊讶的是……;出乎某人意料
in surprise惊讶/吃惊地 get a surprise吃惊
give sb.a surprise给某人一个惊喜
动词 使(某人)吃惊 surprise sb.使某人感到诧异/意外
It surprises sb.+that从句
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考点五
词汇盘点 · 素养积累
考点六
考点七
考点八
考点九
单词 词性 含义 用法
surprised 形容词 感到惊讶/吃惊的(形容人) 一般作表语,也可作定语。
be surprised at…对……感到惊讶/吃惊
be surprised to do sth.
做某事感到惊讶/吃惊
surprising 令人惊讶/吃惊的(形容物) 可作表语和定语。
It’s surprising+that从句
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词汇盘点 · 素养积累
考点六
考点七
考点八
考点九
用surprise的适当形式填空。
1.She looked when I told her the news.
2.It’s not that they are lost.
3.He looked up in .
4.To everyone’s ,the plan succeeded.
5.It me that you’ve never seen the film.
6.They were to find that he’d already left.
7.The success makes us very happy.
surprised
surprising
surprise
surprise
surprises
surprised
surprising
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辨析question与problem
May I ask you some questions,Dr.Li? (Unit 2 Topic 3 P43)
单词 词性 用法
question 名词 ①指需要解答的问题,常与动词ask或answer搭配
②指“与……有关的问题”,如:a question of time一个与时间有关的问题
动词 意为“疑问;怀疑;提问;质询”
problem 名词 ①指需要解决的问题,常与solve或work out搭配
②指数学或物理的习题,如:a math(s) problem一道数学难题
③常用语:No problem.没问题
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考点六
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考点八
考点九
A man broke into a shop and stole some goods.Luckily,the man was caught by the police.When the owner got to the police station,the man was being by a policeman. The policeman asked him some
to help the owner get his goods back.The owner was happy that the was solved in the end.
question problem
questioned
questions
problem
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But sometimes accidents can happen,so try to stay safe when you play them.(Unit 2 Topic 3 P47)
两者都有“发生”的意思,具体区别如下:
辨析happen与take place
单词/短语 含义及用法 例句
happen 指偶然“发生”,具有不可预测性,其结果往往给人带来麻烦或不幸,主语一般是物。 What happened to her?她怎么了?
What’s happened to your car?
你的车出什么毛病了?
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考点六
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单词/短语 含义及用法 例句
take place 指有计划、有组织地在安排之内“发生”、“举行”,主语通常是物。 Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past five years.在过去的五年间我的家乡发生了很大的变化。
共同点:(1)都不能用于被动语态。(2)都不能与一段时间连用。
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【拓展】 happen的常用句型总结:
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1.—What Tom? —He fell off his bike and hurt one of his legs.
A.Happened B.happened to
C.took place D.takes place
2.Cross-country races usually in all weather conditions, hot or cold.
3.Can you hear someone crying?Go and see what’s .
B
take place
happening
happen take place
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辨析instead与instead of
Choose a sport that you enjoy and then your exercise will be fun instead of work.(Unit 2 Topic 3 P50)
单词/短语 词性 含义及用法 例句
instead 副词 “反而;却”,常位于句首(表转折),有时用逗号与后面内容隔开 He didn’t answer me.Instead,he asked me another question.他没有回答我。相反,他问了我另外一个问题。
“代替”,位于句末 Jack was ill so I went instead.
杰克病了,所以我代他去了。
instead of 介词
短语 “代替;而不是”,其后常接名词、代词或动名词作宾语 We just had soup instead of a full meal.我们没有吃全餐,只喝了汤。
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1.Now I can walk to work instead of (go) by car.
2.My father didn’t water flowers. ,he washed his car.
A.Though B.Besides C.Also D.Instead
3.What fine weather!We should go sightseeing watching TV in the hotel.
A.because of B.together with
C.instead of D.as well as
D
C
going
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辨析except,besides,except for与but
Starting in 1896,the Olympic Games were held every four years except during the World WarsⅠandⅡ.(Unit 2 Review P53)
四者都有“除……之外”的意思,具体区别如下:
单词/短语 含义及用法 例句
except 表示一种排除关系,except后跟内容(与整体是同类)不包括在内,常与all,everyone等不定代词连用。 We all went to the zoo last Sunday except Jane.除了简之外,上个星期天我们都去动物园了。
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单词/短语 含义及用法 例句
besides “除……之外,还有……”,表示一种累加关系,besides后跟内容包括在内。 Amy is good at dancing besides singing.
除唱歌外,埃米还擅长跳舞。
except for 说明整体情况后,对细节加以修正,指从整体中除去一个细节(与整体不是同类),表示“美中不足的是”。 Your writing is good except for a few grammar mistakes.除了几处语法错误外,你的作文写得很好。
but 常与nobody/nothing/no one等表示否定意义的不定代词连用,与except同义。 Nobody knew his name but/except me.
除了我之外,没人知道他的名字。
注:(1)besides还可用作副词,意为“而且;此外”。
(2)except还可用作连词,意为“除了;只是”,后接从句。
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1.We have many other ways to pay for things now traditional coins and paper money.
A.except B.but
C.besides D.except for
2.I can do nothing stay in bed to have a good rest because of the serious illness.
A.except B.besides
C.except for D.but
C
C
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3.他写了一篇很好的文章,除了一个拼写错误。
He wrote a wonderful article one spelling mistake.
except except for
4.After school,we went to the playground to play football _____ Mike,
because he was asked to go to Mr.Li’s office.When he came back,he told us that Mr.Li praised him for doing homework well one wrong character.He said he would be more careful next time.
except
for
except
except for
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考点综述
课堂达标 · 高效提能
03
Ⅰ.完成句子
1.What’s the matter with you,Jack? (改为同义句)
What’s you,Jack?
2.Steven has been ill for two days.(对划线部分提问)
has Steven been ill?
3.You had better do your homework right away.(改为否定句)
You’d do your homework right away.
wrong
with
How
long
better
not
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4.I don’t want to go out now.(改为同义句)
I don’t going out now.
5.Don’t move your leg for a week.(改为同义句)
move your leg for a week.
6.Who will take care of the sick children? (改为同义句)
Who will the sick children?
7.You should write him a letter.(对划线部分提问)
I do?
feel
like
You
shouldn’t
look
after
What
should
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8.To plant trees every year is necessary for us.(改为同义句)
for us to plant trees every year.
9.The doctor often advises us that we should be active in sports.(改为同义句)
“ in sports,” the doctor often advises us.
10.在阳光底下看书对你的眼睛有害。(完成译句)
in the sun bad for your eyes.
11.我必须叫他戒烟。(完成译句)
I must ask him to smoking.
12.late,don’t,stay,again,up(连词成句)
.
It’s
necessary
Be
active
Reading
is
give
up
Don’t stay up late again
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Ⅱ. 完形填空(2025·八中一模)
On a trip to California, my family stopped to fill up our stomachs. As we walked toward the entrance to the 1 , a man with a messy beard(胡须) and dirty hair, jumped up from a bench and opened the door for us and greeted us in a friendly way.
Once inside, my daughters said quietly, “Mom, he smells 2 .” After we ordered our lunch, I explained, telling the kids to look beyond(超出) the appearance.
( )1. A. school B. restaurant C. museum D. hospital
( )2. A. badly B. nice C. terrible D. well
B
C
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The day I became a mother, I had 3 my mind to set a good example for my children. Yet sometimes when things didn’t go right, being a good example was 4 . When our meal arrived, I realized I had left the car-sick pills in the truck. With the most winding(迂回蜿蜒的) trip ahead, the children needed them, so I went for them.
( )3. A. come up B. set up C. looked up D. made up
( )4. A. difficult B. famous C. exciting D. serious
D
A
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Just then, the “doorman” was opening the door for a couple. 5 rushed past him without even noticing him. Letting them 6 first, I said a loud “thank you” to him as I went out.
When I returned, we talked a bit. He said he was not allowed inside 7 he bought food.
( )5. A. She B. We C. They D. He
( )6. A. at B. out C. on D. in
( )7. A. unless B. so C. though D. if
C
D
A
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I went back and 8 my family his situation. Then I asked our waitress to add one soup and sandwich. The kids looked surprised as we had already eaten, but when I said the order was for the “doorman”, they smiled. When it was time to continue our trip, I noticed the “doorman” 9 his meal. Upon seeing me, he stood up and thanked me heartily. He then reached out his hand for a handshake and I happily accepted. I suddenly noticed tears in his eyes.
( )8. A. said B. spoke C. told D. talked
( )9. A. buying B. cooking C. waiting D. enjoying
C
D
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Back in, I fell into deep thought. Though we can’t choose many things in life, we can choose when to show thanks. I said thanks to a man who had 10 opened a door for me, and also said thanks for that chance to teach my children by example.
( )10. A. mostly B. simply C. especially D. hardly
B
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Ⅲ. 概要补全
阅读文章, 用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词, 不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。
Blueberries are a kind of fruit we often eat in our daily life. They taste sweet and a little sour, which is quite good for our health. However, what colour are blueberries? Blue, of course! But according to scientist Rox Middleton, this is not the truth.
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The fruit only appears blue because of a special chemical material on its surface. If we clean it off, the blueberry will no longer look blue. Instead, it turns completely dark. Sounds amazing, but why?
Blue is not a common colour on Earth. Fewer than one in ten kinds of plants are blue. One of the main reasons is that there is no such colour as true blue in the natural world. Many things around us may look blue, but they actually use a special skill to appear that way to the human eyes.
So what is the skill that blueberries use? The blueberry’s surface has a lot of anthocyanin(花青素) in it. And it shows different colours at different
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temperatures and in different environments. In blueberries, this material appears dark red. Rox’s team looked at the blueberry’s surface carefully under a scientific instrument. And they found that there are many small structures(结构) on its surface. Each structure is a thousand times thinner than a piece of paper. These structures reflect blue light, making the fruit look blue to our eyes.
Rox’s team hopes to make something valuable out of the research. Rox said that this special material could give us new ideas about colouring clothes because it’s easy to clean. It could also provide a new way to colour plastic. Maybe we could see more blue things in our daily life in the near future.
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Blueberries are a kind of fruit we often eat in our daily life. They taste sweet and a little sour. 1 ? According to scientist Rox Middleton, they are not. The surface of the fruit has a special material that makes it look blue. If we clean it off, the fruit 2 .
1. ______________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________
But are they really blue
will turn completely dark/will become dark/will not look blue
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Interestingly, there is no real blue colour in the natural world. Rox’s team looked at the blueberry’s surface carefully and found many small structures on its surface. These structures reflect blue light, then the fruit 3 . Rox’s team believes this discovery could help us create new ways to 4 . In the future, perhaps we will see more blue objects around us.
3. _______________________________________________
4. _______________________________________________
looks blue
colour clothes and plastic
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请完成精练本《基础+能力训练八》
本讲内容结束
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