Unit 5 Section I Starting out & Understanding ideas-【成才之路·练案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步新课程学习指导(外研版)

练案[17] Unit 5 Learning from nature Section I Starting out Understanding ideas 一、语言基础训练 Ⅲ.完成句子 I.单句语法填空 1 is one thing,while to do is another. 1.A large amount of solar energy has been 说是一回事，做是一回事。 convert into electrical 2.We need some actual knowledge our energy since amounts of advanced equipment thinking. were introduced. 我们需要把我们的思想建立在真实的知识 2.The film was base)on World 之上。 WarⅡ， 3.Shangrila is a place of mystery and beauty where 3.(2025·全国I卷)An exhibition at the Jiushi people live Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork 香格里拉，一个美丽神秘的地方，在那里人们 (inspire)by Go,or weiqi in Chinese, 的确与大自然和谐相处。 which originated in China more than 4,000 years 4.It's quite easy to make quite small changes to you work. ago. 对工作方式做一些小的改变会比较容易。 4.He has been explore)his 5 but what you've done maximum potential in the past decade. that really matters.（用强调句式) 5.What is convey)here to children 不是你说的，而是你做的才是关键。 is that reading is one of life's greatest treats. 6.It is not but how much love 6.I waved to Nancy,but she was absorbed in her we put into what we do that benefits. thought,and made no (respond). 不是我们做了多少而是我们在所做的事情中 Ⅱ.选词填空 投入了多少爱让我们受益。 take it for granted,feed...with,in harmony with,be 二、培优提升训练 based on I.阅读理解 1.He had that this delightful A young woman was as gentle as she looked By the end of the century,if not sooner,the 2.If men can't live nature,the world's oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a balance will be destroyed. warming climate,according to a new study 3.Don't believe what he said.His story At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine nothing. microorganisms(海洋微生物)called phytoplankton. 4.The children were the monkey Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, bananas. these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the 192 ocean surface.Ocean colour varies from green to D.The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton. blue,depending on the type and concentration of 2.What does the underlined word"vulnerable"in phytoplankton.Climate change will fuel the growth Paragraph 3 probably mean? of phytoplankton in some areas,while reducing it in A.Sensitive. B.Beneficial. other spots,leading to changes in the ocean's! C.Significant. D.Unnoticeable. appearance. 3.What can we learn from the passage? Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface,where A.Phytoplankton play a declining role in the they pull carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)into the ocean marine ecosystem. while giving off oxygen.When these organisms die, B.Dutkiewicz's model aims to project phytoplankton they bury carbon in the deep ocean,an important changes. process that helps to regulate the global climate. C.Phytoplankton have been used to control But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean's global climate. warming trend.Warming changes key D.Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear characteristics of the ocean and can affect greener. phytoplankton growth,since they need not only 4.What is the main purpose of the passage? sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow,but also A.To assess the consequences of ocean colour nutrients. changes. Stephanie Dutkiewicz,a scientist in MITs B.To analyse the composition of the ocean food Center for Global Change Science,built a climate chain. model that projects changes to the oceans C.To explain the effects of climate change on throughout the century.In a world that warms up by oceans. 3 C,it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur.The model projects that D.To introduce a new method to study currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could phytoplankton. B become even bluer.But in some waters,such as those of the Arctic,a warming will make conditions Surrounded by the sea off the coast in Mid- riper for phytoplankton,and these areas will turn Norway,lies an island called Myken.This small greener."Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton island has about ten permanent residents,and for in the ocean changing,"she said,"but the type of more than 50 years has been supplied with phytoplankton is changing. electricity via a 32-kilometer undersea cable 1.What are the first two paragraphs mainly about? )A break that appeared in the cable last A.The various patterns at the ocean surface. autumn resulted in two months without power,so B.The cause of the changes in ocean colour. the island community started looking into a better C.The way light reflects off marine organisms. way of sourcing their electricity. 193 "Myken is far out at sea,so as far as possible the hydrogen plant.Since the island has a distillery it should be taking care of things itself,.”says(酿酒厂)，where the distillation（蒸馏)process Kyrre Sundseth,who is a hydrogen (relies on energy,a hydrogen plant on Myken offers researcher in Norway and also the project manager an even greater environmental benefit.Spare heat for Myken's energy project."This is why we want from the hydrogen system can also be used for the Myken to become entirely self-sufficient in energy.heating part in the distillation process. It is also important to take the environment into "In Norway alone there are about 300 island consideration,"he says. inhabited all year round by small populations," Much points to the idea that the solution may says Kyrre Sundseth."All of these islands may be lie in a Hydrogen plant,specifically tailored for candidates for using this technology.In global terms small islands.The "raw materials"for hydrogen we're talking about 10,000 similar islands." production come from nature itself in the form of the5.Why is a hydrogen plant suitable for Myken? sun and wind.Researchers have calculated that A.It is perfect in size for small islands. energy costs will be lower by using hydrogen B.It can send electricity to faraway places. production than the undersea cable option.And it is C.It will restore local natural environment. possible to store energy in the form of hydrogen for D.It provides green and sustainable energy. longer periods.This means that supplies will not6.What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4? have to rely on a lot of expensive batteries or A.The study on the energy storage. external energy sources,even during periods when B.The test on the hydrogen system. the sun isn't shining,or the wind isn't blowing. C.The experiment on the raw materials The Myken project has attracted several D.The research on the innovation of the pilot. technology companies.They are currently working 7.According to the passage,a hydrogen plant will on a pilot project.The pilot involves experiments on the feasibility(可行性)of the hydrogen system in A.produce purified seawater which electricity is generated from solar and wind B.prove more technically reliable sources.The electricity can be used immediately, C.contribute in more than one way but during periods when all the energy generated is D.benefit from the distillation process not required,the spare energy can be used to split8.What does Kyrre Sundseth think of the project? seawater into hydrogen and oxygen.The hydrogen i A.Promising. can be stored in a tank,and used later to generate B.Systematic. electricity.The pilot will help researchers know C.Irreplaceable. more about how effectively the system will work in D.Time saving. 194 Ⅱ.七选五 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 There was a time when I was very concerned about what other people thought of me,especially when I was misunderstood and labeled incorrectly.1 Of course,you need to do something to let go of that mental suffering if you are stuck in such a similar situation. OIdentify and understand why you care.What makes what other people think of you so important?If other people's opinions cause you to worry,chances are that you have a tendency to be pleased.Being favored might be a winning formula for you in the past.2 But if it doesn't come as expected,just be yourself. OUnderstand you can't control others.The reality is that you cannot control what another person thinks of you.What most people don't understand is that we often form opinions of others based on associations we had in the past.And the bottom line is that it's none of your business what another person thinks of you..3· Practice daily self-love and acceptance.Your situation may come from a concept that we are not as worthy as another person and our needs are not as important as theirs.Recognize you are equal to every other person.4 We all have different roles but that does not make anyone more valuable as a human being. OLive a life that pleases you.Constant worry about what others think of you must create considerable stress and will impact your relationships,your health,and your peace of mind. 5 You will not need to be concerned with the few people who just don't seem to understand you.You can live your fulfilling life and they can live theirs. A.That's his or her private views. B.Don't take your role to your heart. C.Everyone deserves respect and admiration. D.Stay true to your values and do your own thing. E.That's to say,there is no one above or below you. F.Certainly,there are advantages to having someone's high regard G.Caring too much about their views was energy-consuming and unnecessary. 2. 4. Ⅲ.完形填空 My father was raised in a poor family without a father.The1.A.adjust B.survive family of five struggled hard to 1,which caused my father to C.exist D.desire be extremely 2 with his money. 2.A.gentle B.generous When we children-two older brothers and myself-asked C.mean D.mild —195 him for spending money,his face turned cold,saying "If you are 3.A.worry B.spend old enough to ask,you are old enough to 3."So when the C.earn D.print need 4,we tried to seek jobs in the neighborhood or sell 4.A.urged B.arose produce from the garden. C.passed D.counted His attitude didn't 5 as we grew into adulthood and went5.A.approve B.change to jobs or college.Since none of us had a car,we had to take the C.arrange D.concentrate bus whenever we came home.Though the bus stopped about two 6.A.hesitated B.complained miles from home,father never met us,even in fierce weather.If C.questioned D.suspected someone 6,he would say,"That's what your legs are for!"7.A.remained B.continued For me,the walk didn't bother me as much as the fear of walking C.disappeared D.erupted alone along the highway and country roads.I also felt that my 8.A.colorful B.wonderful father didn't seem concern about my safety.That feeling 7 C.stressful D.sorrowful one spring evening. 9.A.exhausted B.embarrassed It had been an extremely 8 week at college.Tests and C.ashamed D.scared long hours in labs had left me 9.I longed for home and a soft 10.A.happily B.eagerly bed.As other students were met at their stops,I gazed 10 out C.curiously D.crazily of the window.Finally,the bus stopped at my destination.I11.A.stepped off B.set out 11 and walked home with my luggage. C.came up D.squeezed out A row of hedge()was along the driveway that climbed 12.A.terrified B.inspired the hill to our house.Once I turned off the highway and saw the C.astonished D.relieved hedge,I was always 12 because it meant that I was almost 13.A.effect B.life home.On that particular evening,the hedge had just come into C.being D.view 13 when I saw a(n)14 moving toward the house along 14.A.figure B.image the top of the hedge.Upon closer 15,I realized it was my C.sculpture D.character father.Then I knew-each time I came home,he stood behind15.A.examination B.inspection the hedge,watching until he knew I had arrived safely.I C.preparation D.observation swallowed hard against the tears.He did care,after all. 196作，位于追溯丝绸之路的道路尽头，将中国西南的植物容纳其 中，将这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英格兰，定义了英格 兰园艺的丰富性。冠词修饰名词，应用名词形式richness,作 介词of的宾语。故填richnesso Ⅲ.参考范文： Dear John, I am excited to tell you that the first Science and Technology Festival was held in our school last month,which aimed at enriching us students'school life and promoting the students'awareness of innovation. There was a variety of activities in the festival,where participants could show their designs and products.The activity turned out a great success.I was astonished at schoolmates' creativity and teamwork spirit. I do hope more activities will be held in my school to provide us with chances to practice our critical thinking and problem- solving abilities. Yours, Li Hua 练案[17] 一、语言基础训练 I.1.converted 2.based 3.inspired 4.exploring 5.conveyed 6.response II.1.taken it for granted 2.in harmony with 3.is based on 4.feeding with Il.1.To say 2.on which to base 3.in harmony with nature 4.the way that 5.It is not what you've said 6.how much we do 二、培优提升训练 I.文章大意：本文是一篇科普知识类文章。主要介绍了由于气 候变暖导致海洋微生物发生变化，进而导致海洋颜色的变化。 1.B主旨大意题。第一段主要讲的是：根据一项新的研究，由 于气候变暖，到本世纪末世界上的海洋将会更蓝更绿：第二段 主要介绍了海洋的颜色取决于浮游植物的种类和浓度。因为 气候变化将促进某些地区浮游植物的生长，同时也会减少其 他地区浮游植物的数量，从而导致海洋外观的变化。因此文 章前两段的主要讲的是“海洋颜色变化的原因”。故选B。 2.A词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句可知：气候变暖会改变 海洋的主要特征，并会影响浮游植物的生长，因为它们不仅需 要阳光和二氧化碳来生长，还需要营养物质。因此，此处的 “vulnerable'”是“易受影响的”意思，即sensitive。significant重 大的，有意义的：beneficial有益的：unnoticeable不明显的。故 选A。 3.D推理判断题。从文章第四段中的“The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer.But in some waters,such as those of the Arctic,a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton,and these areas will turn greener.”可知，有更多浮游植物的海洋看起来更绿。故 选D。 4.C主旨大意题。根据整篇文章的内容来看，主要解释气候变 化会导致海洋颜色的改变，而这种改变主要是因为浮游植物 数量的变化，因此本文的主要目的是“解释气候变化对海洋的 影响”。故选C。 文章大意：这是一篇说明文，主要讲了Myken利用自身地理条 件，建立了氢气发电站，实现了自给自足的环保发电。 5.D推理判断题。由第三段的第二句话可知，氢气产生的“原 材料”来自大自然的太阳和风，结合第二段的第一句话， Myken在大海深处，须得自己照顾好自己。可见Myken地理 位置的特殊性，接电缆发电耗资大，而且没有完全的保障，氢 气发电站环保又耗资小，故选D项。 2 6.B主旨大意题。结合第四段的一、二两句可知，Myken的方 案吸引了好几家科技公司，他们目前在进行试行计划。也就 是说，方案现在处于实验性阶段。故选B项。 7.C推理判断题。由第四段可知，在实验性阶段，研究者对氢 气发电站的可行性进行了实验，发现氢气发电站除了发电可 以有其他用处，由此可见，氢气发电站在许多方面都做出了贡 献。故选C项。 8.A推理判断题。由最后一段可知，Kyrre Sundseth说，单单挪 威就有大约300个岛长年只有少部分人居住，这些岛也许适 合使用这一技术。从全球来看，大约有10,000左右类似的 岛。他的字里行间都表达了这一技术（建立氢气发电站）有 很大的市场，即他认为这一方案有前途，有前景。故选A项。 Ⅱ.文章大意：本文是说明文。讲述我们经常被别人误解，对于 这种情况我们应该做些什么来释放精神痛苦。文章给出了几，点 建议。 1.G后文“Of course,you need to do something to let go of that mental suffering if you are stuck in such a similar situation." 及，陷入类似情况要做一些事情来释放精神痛苦，所以说明过 分关注他们的观点是一件耗精力，不必要的事，故选G。 2.F下文“But if it doesn't come as expected,just be yourself.”说 明但是事与愿违，表转折，说明此空应填好的事情，F项“当 然，有人高度尊重是有好处的”符合语境，certainly说明与上 文“被青睐可能是你过去成功定式”一致，故选F。 3.A本段首句“Understand you can't control others.”说明你不能 控制别人，以及空前一句“And the bottom line is that it's none of your business what another person thinks of you.”说明别人对你 的看法与你无关，可知那是他或她的个人观点，故选A。 4.E上文“Recognize you are equal to every other person..”说明 要认识到你与别人是平等的，E项中“there is no one above or below you(没有人比你好或者比你差)”与此处语境相符， That's to say说明前后内容一致。故选E。 5.D此空为总领句，应为动词开头。再结合后文的“You will not need to be concerned with the few people who just don't seem to understand you.(你不需要关心那些似乎不理解你的少数 人。)”可知你应该坚持你的价值观，做你自己的事。故选D。 Ⅲ.文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的父亲总 是对孩子们很严苛，作者一直觉得父亲不关心自己的安全，直到 一个春天的夜晚，作者回家经过家前的一排树篱，才发现父亲每 次都会站在树篱后看着作者回家，直到确认作者已经安全到家。 1.B考查动词词义辨析。句意：五口之家为生存苦苦挣扎，这 使得父亲在用钱方面极为吝啬。A.adjust调整；B.survive生 存，幸存；C.exist存在；D.desire渴望。根据上文“My father was raised in a poor family without a father.The family of five struggled hard to”可知，父亲出身贫寒，一家人为了生存苦苦挣 扎。故选B。 2.C考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.gentle有礼貌的： B.generous慷慨的；C.mean吝啬的；D.mild温和的。结合上 文可知，父亲生长在一个贫穷的家庭，导致父亲对钱特别吝 啬，后文作者找父亲要钱，父亲冷脸拒绝也能体现父亲在用钱 方面吝啬。故选C。 3.C考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们孩子们一一我和两个哥 哥向他要钱的时候，他冷着脸说：“你们能要就能挣。”A.woy 担心；B.spend花费；C.earm赚得；D.print印刷。根据后文“we tried to seek jobs in the neighborhood or sell produce from the aen”可知，作者他们不得不找工作，可见父亲是让他们去 自己挣钱。故选C。 4.B考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以当需要的时候，我们就试 着在附近找工作，或者卖菜园里的农产品。A.urged催促； B.arose出现；C.passed通过；D.counted计数。根据上文“when the need”可知此处指用钱的需要出现的时候，作者他们只能 8 自己去挣。故选B。 5.B考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的态度并没有随着我们长大 成人，去工作或上大学而改变。A.approve批准；B.change改 变；C.arrange安排；D.concentrate集中。根据后文“Since none of us had a car,we had to take the bus whenever we came home.”可知，作者他们长大后还是只能坐公交车，可见父亲吝 啬的态度并没有随着孩子们长大而改变，故选B。 6.B考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果有人抱怨，他会说：“你的 腿就是拿来干这个的！”A.hesitated犹豫；B.complained诉苦； C.questioned质疑；D.suspected怀疑。根据上文“Though the bus stopped about two miles from home,father never met us,even in fierce weather.”可知，父亲从来不去接作者他们，即使是天 气恶劣，所以作者他们难免会有抱怨，父亲也只是说他们就该 走路。故选B。 7.C考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种感觉在一个春天的晚上消 失了。A.remained保持；B.continued继续；C.disappeared消 失；D.erupted爆发。根据后文可知，作者在一个春天的晚上意 外发现其实父亲一直在注视着自己，所以觉得父亲并不关心 自己安全的感觉消失了。故选C。 8.C考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个压力极大的大学 周。A.colorful多彩的；B.wonderful极好的；C.stressful有压力 的；D.sorrowful悲伤的。根据后文“Tests and long hours in labs”可知，作者在学校有很多测试，而且进行长时间的实验室 工作，可见压力极大。故选C。 9.A考查形容词词义辨析。句意：测试和长时间的实验室工作 让我筋疲力尽。A.exhausted筋疲力尽的：B.embarrassed尴尬 的：C.ashamed羞愧的：D.scared害怕的。根据上文“Tests and long hours in labs had left me”可知，作者课业繁重，让他筋疲 力尽。故选A。 10.B考查副词词义辨析。句意：当其他学生在车站集合时，我 急切地望着窗外。A.happily快乐地；B.eagerly急切地； C.curiously好奇地；D.crazily疯狂地。根据上文“I longed for home and a soft bed.”可知，作者渴望回家，所以是急切地望向 窗外，看车来了没有。故选B。 11.A考查动词短语辨析。句意：我走了下来，拿着行李走回 家。A.stepped off走下来，离开；B.set out出发；C.came up走 近；D.squeezed out挤出。根据后文“and walked home with my luggage'”可知，作者走出实验室，准备回家。故选A。 12.D考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一旦我拐下高速公路，看到 了树篱，我总是如释重负，因为这意味着我快到家了。 A.terrified害怕的；B.inspired受鼓舞的；C.astonished惊讶的； D.relieved如释重负的。根据后文“because it meant that I was almost home”可知，树篱意味着自己要到家了，所以作者看到 树篱总是感觉如释重负。故选D。 13.D考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那天晚上，当树篱刚出现 时，我看见一个人影沿着树篱的顶端朝房子走来。A.effect影 响；B.life生活；C.being存在；D.view观点，视野。根据上文 “the hedge had just come into”可知为短语come into view,表示 “进入视野，看得见”。故选D。 14.A考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.gure人物； B.image图像；C.sculpture雕塑；D.character性格。根据后文 “I realized it was my father.”可知，作者看到了一个人影，后来 认出是父亲。故选A。 15.D考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过仔细观察，我发现那是我 的父亲。A.examination考试；B.inspection检查；C.preparation 准备；D.observation观察。根据后文“I realized it was my father'”可知，作者一开始只是看到一个人影，经过仔细观察， 才发现是父亲。故选D。 -24 练案[18] I.1.inspired 2.astonished 3.observed 4.wisdom 5.Surrounded II.1.were supposed to 2.helps with 3.sought solutions to 4.succeeded in 5.care for II.1.succeeded in 2.drew their inspiration from 3.seeking solutions to 4.were astonished to Ⅳ.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了由于快时尚的兴起，人 们产生了大量的衣物垃圾，这对于环境来说是极为不利的，因此 文章呼吁大家购买耐用的衣物，也可以购买二手，实现物品的价 值最大化。 I.wht考查表语从句。句意：我们应该购买和穿质量好、耐穿 的衣物。分析句子可知，此处为表语从句，从句中的uy和 wear缺少宾语，故用连接代词what。 2.is abandoned考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：事实上，如 今60%的衣物在购买一年之后就被遗弃了，产生了大量的垃 圾，对此全球的垃圾填埋厂都难以吸收。分析句子可知，本句 缺少谓语，abandon与主语clothing为动宾关系，故用被动语 态，clothing为不可数名词，陈述的是客观事实，故用一般现在 时的单数，故用is abandoned。 3.to absorb考查动词不定式。句意同上题。分析句子可知，本 句为struggle的用法struggle to do努力做，故用to absorb。 4.issues考查名词。句意：我们购买耐穿的衣物的话，在一度 过度消费和衣物质量下降的今日，可以解决两个关键问题。 two后接可数名词复数，issue的复数形式为issues,故用 issues。 5.more考查比较级。句意：对衣物质量的关注让我们在高品 质的衣物上可能花费的更多，这将减少持续购物的欲望，同时 也减慢对快时尚的需求。根据句意可知，高品质的衣物价格 更高，此处应用比较级形式，与空后的better-made相对应，故 用moreo 6.a考查冠词。句意：你也可以买二手衣服，一种可以有效延 长物品使用寿命的方式。分析句子可知，wy为可数名词同，第 一次提及，用不定冠词表泛指，由于前有useful修饰，辅音音 素开头，故用a 7.created考查过去分词。句意同上题。分析句子可知，create 修饰items作后置定语，与其为动宾关系，故用过去分词形式， 故用created。 8.matters/will matter考查动词时态。句意：我意识到，如果你 坚持让衣服用几十年，那么是否买新的还是二手的都没那么 重要。分析句子可知，“whether you buy something new or used ”为主语，本句缺少谓语，与主语为主谓关系，故用主动语态 客观陈述自己的观点，用一般现在时，主语为句子，谓语动词 用单数，故可用matters;由于后面条件状语从句用一般现在 时表将来，主句需用一般将来时，故也可用will matter。. 9.natural考查形容词。句意：对于天然的纤维制品也是如此. 质量很重要。但是如果买了几个月就扔掉的话，质量就没那 么重要。分析句子可知，修饰名词bers用形容词，故用 natural 10.but考查连词。句意同上题。分析句子可知，前一句强调 品质的重要性，后一句阐述某些条件下，质量就变得没那么 重要，前后句属于转折关系，故用but。 V.文章大意：作为教师，作者就外语学习提出了自己的建议，即 采用复述故事的方式来提高自己的语言技能。 1.A一些口语活动不能准确体现你真实的语言水平。picture “描述，描绘”，符合语境。analysis“分析”；application“运用”； explanation“解释”。故选A。 2.D根据上文中的“Some speaking activities do not give..·your true language skills'”和下文中的“narrative(叙述的)）storytelling does”可知，上下文是转折关系，故选Howevero