内容正文:
高中译林版
【语法专项】
必修1句子成分和句子结构
语法精讲
【语法专项】句子成分和句子结构
真题精讲与演练
直击真题高效讲
真题一:单项选择(句子成分辨析)
(2024江苏苏州期中,译林版)
Which of the following underlined parts is a predicate?
A.My mother is a doctor.
B.We will have a picnic tomorrow.
C.The red car is mine.
D.He gave me a book.
答案:B
核心知识点:
谓语是句子中表示动作或状态的部分,通常由动词或动词短语充当,说明主语”做什么”或”是什
么/怎么样”。
解析:A项划线部分”a doctor'”是表语:B项'will have a picnic”是动词短语作谓语:C项'mine”是
表语:D项'me”是间接宾语。
真题二:用所给词的适当形式填空(句子结构应用)
(2023浙江杭州月考,译林版)
Tom andI_be)good friends.(主系表结构
She often_(ead)books in the library.(主谓宾结构)
My father bought_(I)a new bike.(双宾语结构)
答案:1.are2.reads3.me
核心知识点:
主系表结构中,b动词随主语人称和数变化:主谓宾结构中,谓语动词需与主语保持人称和数的
一致:双宾语结构中,间接宾语通常为人称代词宾格。
解析:第一句主语Tom andI'是复数,be动词用are;第二句主语”she”是第三人称单数,谓语动
词read用reads;第三句间接宾语用I的宾格me。
真题三:句型转换(句子结构变换)
(2024安徽合肥期末,译林版)按要求改写句子,每空一词。
He is a clever boy.(改为感叹句,强调表语)
高中译林版
【语法专项】
必修1句子成分和句子结构
clever boy he is!
She gave Tom a present..(改为被动语态,保留双宾语)
A present
Tom by her
答案:What a
was given to
核心知识点:
强调名词表语的感叹句结构为What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”:双宾语结
构的被动语态可将直接宾语作主语,间接宾语前加介词to。
解析:第一句中心词是可数名词boy,用What a引导感叹句:第二句主动句结构为”主语+谓语
+间接宾语+直接宾语”,被动语态将直接宾语”a present''作主语,谓语用'was given”,间接宾语
Tom前加to。
真题四:短文填空(句子成分综合运用)
(2023湖北武汉期中,译林版)阅读短文,分析括号中单词在句中所作的句子成分,并填写其成
分名称(如:主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等)。
Lingling(1.studies)hard every day.She is a(2.good)student.She often helps her classmates (3.with
their lessons).Last week,she(4.won)first prize in the English competition.Her parents are(5.proud)
ofher.
答案:1.谓语2.定语3.状语4.谓语5.表语
核心知识点:
谓语由动词充当,说明主语的动作:定语修饰名词,通常由形容词等担任;状语修饰动词、形容
词等,表示时间、方式等:表语位于系动词后,说明主语的性质或状态。
解析:(1)”studies”是动词,作谓语;(2)”good'是形容词,修饰名词student,作定语;(3)"with their
lessons”表示方式,作状语;(4)"won”是动词,作谓语;(5)"proud'位于系动词are后,作表语。
真题综合演练
真题综合演练
1单项选择
1.Which of the following underlined parts is a predicate?
A.The book on the desk is mine
B.They are playing basketball now.
C.My favorite subject is English.
D.She gave me a storybook.
答案:B
2.Tom and his brother_(be)in the same school.(主系表结构)
A.am B.is C.are D.be
高中译林版
【语法专项】
必修1句子成分和句子结构
答案:C
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Our teacher often_(tel)us interesting stories.(主谓宾结构)
答案:tels
2.My mother bought a new dress for_①)yesterday.(双宾语结构)
答案:me
Ⅱ.句型转换
1.He is an excellent singer.(改为感叹句,强调表语)
excellent singer he is!
答案:What an
2.She showed me her new photos..(改为被动语态,保留双宾语)
Her new photosme by her.
答案:were shown to
V.短文填空
阅读短文,分析括号中单词在句中所作的句子成分,并填写其成分名称(如:主语、谓语、宾语、
表语、定语、状语等)。
Li Ming(1.gets up)early every morning.He has(2.breakfast)at 7:00.He (3.walks)to school with his
friend.In class,he(4.listens)carefully to the teacher.His parents(5.are proud)of his hard work.
答案:1.谓语2.宾语3.谓语4.谓语5.表语
综合演练参考答案
I单项选择
1.B2.C
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.tells 2.me
Ⅲ.句型转换
1.What an 2.were shown to
3
高中译林版
【语法专项】
必修1句子成分和句子结构
V.短文填空
1.谓语2.宾语3.谓语4.谓语5.表语
4