基础动词用法 谓语动词分类系统讲解-2025-2026学年高中英语语法重难点精讲（全国版）

高中全国版 【基础动词用法】 重难点精讲 语法专题 【语法专题】谓语动词分类系统讲解 高中全国版基础动词用法 语法精讲 语法概述：对谓语动词按不同标准划分类型并进行系统说明，帮助理解不同类型谓语动词的特点 和用法，在句子中主要用于说明主语的动作或状态。 重难点讲解 重难点一：be动词作谓语的人称和数的一致性讲解： be动词作谓语时，需根据主语的人称（第一第二/第三人称）和数（单数/复数）变化形式：第一 人称单数用am,第三人称单数用is,第二人称单复数及第一、三人称复数用are。 例句： ·I am a student.（第一人称单数) ●She is my sister.(第三人称单数) ·They are playing basketball..（第三人称复数) 真题再现： 1.(2024全国版教材配套期中卷)一_your mother a teacher?一Yes,she_. A.Is;is B.Are;are C.Am;is D.Is;are 答案：A 解析：主语“your mother”是第三人称单数，be动词用is:答句主语she为第三人 称单数，也用is。 重难点二：实义动词原形与第三人称单数形式的区分讲解： 实义动词作谓语时，主语为第三人称单数(he/she/it/单数名词等)，动词需加-s/-es（如like→likes, go一→goes):其他情况（第一仁人称、复数主语）用动词原形。 例句： ●He plays football every day.(第三人称单数，动词加-s) 高中全国版 【基础动词用法】 重难点精讲 ·We study English together.（第一人称复数，动词原形) 真题再现： 1.(2023 全国版教辅同步练习)My father usually_newspapers after dinner.. A.read B.reads C.reading D.to read 答案：B 解析：主语“my father”是第三人称单数，谓语动词用reads。 重难点三：情态动词can/may/must的基本用法及否定形式讲解： 情态动词can(能/会)、may(可以/何能)、must(必须)后接动词原形，无人称和数的变化；否 定形式分别为can't(不能)、may not(不可以)、mustn't(禁止)。 例句： 。You can swim very well.(can表能力) 。May I borrow your pen?(may表请求许可) ·We must follow the rules..(must表必须) 真题再现： 1.（2024全国版教材期末卷)一I use your ruler?一Sorry,.yol一.I need it now. A.Can;can't B.Must;nustn’t C.May,may D.Can;can 答案：A解析：问句表请求许可用Can/May,答句“SoTy”提示拒绝，用can’t。 重难点四：现在进行时的构成与标志词讲解： 现在进行时表示正在进行的动作，结构为“be动词(am/is/are)+动词-ing形式”，常与now、look、 listen等标志词连用。 例句： 。They are watching TV now.(now为标志词) ·Look!The bird is singing.(look为标志词) 真题再现： 1.(2023 全国版单元测试)Listen!Someone_in the next room. A.sing B.sings 2 高中全国版 【基础动词用法】 重难点精讲 C.is singing D.sang 答案：C解析：标志词“Listen!”提示动作正在进行，用现在进行时is singing。 易错点综合演练 1单项选择（直击重难点） 1.My brother often basketball with his friends after school. A.play B.plays C.playing D.to play 2.-your parents at home now? -Yes,theywatching TV in the living room. A.Is;are B.Are;is C.Are;are D.Is;is 3.Shespeak English very well when she was five years old. A.can B.could C.may D.must 4.Look!The children kites in the park happily. A.fly B.flies C.are flying D.flew Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化句型结构） 1.My mother usually(cook)dinner for us in the evening. 2.You(not can)park your car here.It's a no-parking area. 3.Listen!The birds(sing)in the tree. 4.-What_your father(do)now? -He(read)a newspaper. 高中全国版 【基础动词用法】 重难点精讲 Ⅲ.短文填空（综合运用动词用法） 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺。 Tom is a student.He 1.(get)up at 6:30 every morning.He 2.-(have)breakfast at 7:00.Then he 3. (go)to school by bike.Now,he 4.(be)in the classroom.He 5.(listen)to the teacher carefully. He 6.-(like)English very much because he thinks it 7.-(be)interesting.After school,he often 8. -(play)football with his classmates.He 9.(can)play it very well.Look!They 10.(play)football on the playground now. V.连词成句（聚焦句型结构） 1.is,my,father,a,doctor,(. 2.they,are,English,now,learning,(. 3.she,every,morning,runs,( 4.can,you,help,me,with,my,math,(? 5.must,we,on,time,arrive,( V.按要求改写句子（巩固否定、疑问句式） l.He is a teacher.(改为否定句) 2.She plays the piano every day..(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答) 3.They are playing games now.(对划线部分提间) 4.We can swim in the river..(改为否定句) 综合演练参考答案 I.单项选择：1B2.C3.B4.C Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空：1.cooks2.can't3.are singing4.is,doing;is reading 4 高中全国版 【基础动词用法】 重难点精讲 Ⅱ.短文填空： 1.gets 2.has 3.goes 4.is 5.is listening 6.likes 7.is 8.plays 9.can 10.are playing V.连词成句： 1.My father is a doctor. 2.They are learning English now. 3.She runs every morning 4.Can you help me with my math? 5.We must arrive on time. V.按要求改写句子： 1.He isn't a teacher. 2.Does she play the piano every day?Yes,she does. 3.What are they doing now? 4.We can't swim in the river.