基础动词用法 动词时态系统讲解-2025-2026学年高中英语语法重难点精讲（全国版）

高中全国版 【基础动词用法】 动词时态系统讲解 基础动词用法 动词时态系统讲解 高中全国版基础动词用法 语法精讲 语法概述：高中全国版基础动词用法动词时态系统讲解是表示动作或状态在不同时间条件下的表 现形式，通过动词词形变化来体现动作发生的时间（过去、现在、将来）和状态（进行中、已完 成等)。 重难点讲解 重难点一：一般现在时与现在进行时的区别讲解： -一般现在时：表示经常性、习惯性的动作或客观真理、事实，常与often,usually,.always,every day等时间状语连用：动词第三人称单数需加-s/-es（如eat→eats)。 She usually gets up at6:30 every morning..(习惯性动作) The earth goes around the sun.(客观真理) -现在进行时：表示此刻正在进行的动作或现阶段正在进行的动作，结构为“be(am/is/are)+动 词-ing”,常与now,look,listen等词连用。 Listen!Someone is singing in the next room.(此刻正在进行) They are working on a new project these days.(现阶段进行) 真题再现 1.(2024 全国版教材配套期中卷)My father_newspapers after dinner every day.. A.read B.reads C.is reading D.will read 答案：B解析：every day表示习惯性动作，用一般现在时，主语My father是第三人称单数， 动词用reads。 2.(2023全国版教辅同步练习)一What_you_now?I_my homework A.do;do;do B.are;doing;am doing 高中全国版 【基础动词用法】 动词时态系统讲解 C.do;do;am doing D.are;doing;do 答案：B解析：now提示动作正在进行，问句和答句均用现在进行时，结构为“be+动词-ing”。 重难点二：一般过去时的规则动词与不规则动词变化讲解： -规则动词：过去式直接加-ed(如work→worked,.play-→played):以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y 为i加-ed(如study→studied):以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写尾字母 加-ed(如stop→stopped)。 He worked in this factory last year. They studied English together when they were young. -不规则动词：过去式无固定规则，需特殊记忆（如go→went,see→saw,eat→ate,take→took)。 She went to Beijing with her family last summer We saw a wonderful movie yesterday evening. 真题再现 1.(2024 全国版教材期末卷)Li Ming_to the Great Wall with his parents last month. A.go B.goes C.went D.will go 答案：C解析：last month表示过去时间，动词用过去式，go的不规则过去式为went: 2.(2023全国版基础语法专项卷)y mother_dinner for us an hour ago. A.cook B.cooks C.cooked D.is cooking 答案：C解析：an hour ag0提示过去动作，cook是规则动词，过去式加-ed,即cooked。 重难点三：be动词的时态变化与用法讲解： -一般现在时：am(用于I)、is(用于第三人称单数)、are(用于you/we/they),表示状态或特征。 I am a student. This book is interesting They are good friends. -一般过去时：was(用于I/he/she/it)、were(用于you/we/they),表示过去的状态。 She was ill yesterday,so she didn't go to school. 2 高中全国版 【基础动词用法】 动词时态系统讲解 We were in the park last Sunday. 真题再现 1.(2024 全国版同步月考卷)一Where_you_fron?一I_from Shanghai. A.are;/am B.is;/;am C.are;come;am D.do;come;is 答案：A解析：问句询问“来自哪里”，可用“be from”或“come from”,此处第一空主语 是you,be动词用are;答句主语是I,be动词用am。 2.(2023全国版期末复习卷)一your parents at home last night?一No,they_in the office.. A.Are;were B.Were;were C.Was;were D.Were;was 答案：B解析：last night提示过去时，主语your parents和they均为复数，be动词用were。 重难点三：情态动词cn的基本用法讲解： -含义：表示“能、会、可以”，无人称和数的变化，后接动词原形：否定形式为can’t(cannot), 疑问句将can提至句首。 She can speak English and French.(能力) You can use my pen if you need it.(许可) 一Can he swim?-No,he can’t.(疑问句及否定回答) 真题再现 1.(2024全国版教材基础卷)一you ride a bike?一Yes,I一 A.Do;can B.Can;can C.Can;do D.Do;do 答案：B解析：询问能力用can开头的疑问句，肯定回答用“Yes,主语+can”。 2.(2023全国版教辅语法练习)My little sister read books when she was five.Now she read storybooks. A.can;can B.can;could C.could;can 3 高中全国版 【基础动词用法】 动词时态系统讲解 D.could:could 答案：C解析：第一句when she was five表示过去，用could:第二句Now表示现在，用 can。 易错点综合演练 I.单项选择（直击重难点） 1.My brother often basketball with his friends after school. A.play B.plays C.is playing D.played 2.-What your mother in the kitchen now? -She is cooking dinner. A.do;do B.does;do C.is;doing D.did;do 3.They to the countryside and picked apples last weekend. A.go B.goes C.went D.will go 4.-you speak Japanese? -No,I can't.But I speak English well. A.Can;can B.Do;can C.Can;do D.Do:do Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化句型结构） 1.Look!The children(run)on the playground happily. 2.My father usually(watch)TV after dinner,but yesterday he(read)a newspaper 3.She(study)in this school since 2022.Now she(be)in Grade 2. 4.your sister(like)singing?Yes,she(sing)very well. 4 高中全国版 【基础动词用法】 动词时态系统讲解 Ⅲ，短文填空（综合运用动词时态） 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺。 Tom is a student.He(get)up at 7:00 every morning.He(have)breakfast at 7:30.Then he(go) to school by bike.Yesterday,he(get)up late,so he(take)a taxi to school.His teacher(ask)him, “Why are you late?”He_(say),“I_(sleep)too late last night.”Now,he_(do)hishomework.He (finish)it soon. V.连词成句（聚焦句型结构) 1.usually,my,goes,mother,shopping,on Sundays(.) 2.is,now,the,sun,shining,brightly ( 3.yesterday,we,to,the,park,went(.) 4.can,swim,you,fast(?) 5.she,English,speak,can,and,Chinese ( 参考答案 I.单项选择：1.B2.C3.C4.A Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空： 1.are running 2.watches.read 3.studies,is 4.Does,like,can sing Ⅲ.短文填空： 1.gets 2.has 3.goes 4.got 5.took 6.asked 7.said 8.slept 9.is doing 10.will finish V.连词成句： 1.My mother usually goes shopping on Sundays. 2.The sun is shining brightly now. 3.We went to the park yesterday. 4.Can you swim fast? 5.She can speak English and Chinese 5