非谓语动词 不定式to do系统讲解-2025-2026学年高中英语语法重难点精讲（全国版）

高中全国版 【非谓语动词专版】 D版重难点精讲 专题精讲 【语法专题】不定式todo专项突破 高中全国版非谓语动词 语法精讲 语法概述：由”to叶动词原形构成的非谓语动词形式，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状 语和宾语补足语。 重难点讲解 重难点一：不定式作宾语的用法及常见动词搭配讲解： 不定式(todo)可作及物动词的宾语，表示具体的动作或未完成的动作。常见接不定式作宾语的 动词有：want(想要)、decide(决定)、hope(希望)、plan(计划)ty(尝试)、agree(同意)等。 例句： 。She wants to learn English well.(她想学好英语。) ·They decided to visit the museum tomorrow.（他们决定明天去参观博物馆。) 真题再现： 1.(2024 全国版教材配套期中卷)He hopes._to the Great Wall with his parents next summer. A.go B.to go C.going D.goes 答案：B 解析：hope后接不定式作宾语，构成hope to do sth.”结构，意为”希望做某事”。 重难点二：不定式作目的状语的用法讲解： 不定式(todo)可作目的状语，表示”为了”，通常位于句首或句末（句首时常用逗号隔开)。 例句： ·To pass the exam,he studies very hard every day.(为了通过考试，他每天努力学习。) 。She bought a notebook to take notes in class.(她买了一个笔记本，以便在课堂上做笔记。) 1 高中全国版 【非谓语动词专版】 D版重难点精讲 真题再现： 1.(2023 全国版教材同步练习册)We started early_catch the first bus. A.so B.for C.to D.with 答案：C解析：此处不定式”to catch'”作目的状语，意为为了赶上第一班公交车”。 重难点三：不定式作宾语补足语的用法及”省o”情况讲解： 1.不定式(todo)可作宾语补足语，用于”主语+谓语动词+宾语+todo”结构，常见动词有： ask(要求)、tell(告诉)、teach(教)、want(想要)等。 例句：My mother asked me to clean my room.(妈妈让我打扫房间。) 2.部分使役动词(make,let,have)和感官动词(see,hear,watch,notice)后接不定式作宾补时， 需省略to(被动语态中需还原to)。 例句：The teacher made him stand outside.(老师让他站在外面。)→He was made to stand outside by the teacher. 真题再现： 1.(2024 全国版教材期末真题)The boss told his workers_overtime tonight. A.work B.working C.to work D.worked 答案：C解析：tell后接不定式作宾语补足语，构成”tell sb.to do sth”结构，意为”告诉某 人做某事”。 重难点四：”疑问词+不定式”结构的用法讲解： 疑问词(what,how,when,where,which)可与不定式(todo)结合，构成”疑问词+todo”结构， 在句中作主语、宾语或表语，相当于一个宾语从句。 例句： ●Idon't know how to solve this problem.(我不知道如何解决这个问题。) ·When to start the project has not been decided yet.(何时开始这个项目还未决定。) 真题再现： 1.(2023全国版教材单元测试)Could you please tell me_get to the nearest post office?? A.how to 2 高中全国版 【非谓语动词专版】 D版重难点精讲 B.what to C.when to D.where to 答案：A解析：根据语境，此处表示”如何到达最近的邮局”，用how+todo”结构作宾语。 重难点五：不定式的否定形式”not to do”讲解： 不定式的否定形式是在to前加not,即'ot to do'”,表示”不做某事”，可作宾语、状语或宾语补足语等。 例句： 。He promised not to be late again.(他承诺不会再迟到了。) ·She closed the door quietly not to wake the baby..(她轻轻关上门，以免吵醒婴儿。) 真题再现： 1.(2024全国版教材配套月考卷)The teacher told usnoise in the library.. A.not make B.not to make C.don't make D.not making 答案：B解析：tel后接不定式作宾补，否定形式为tell sb.not to do sth.”,意为'告诉某人 不要做某事”。 易错点综合演练 L单项选择（直击重难点） 1.She hopes_the art club next semester. A.join B.to join C.joining D.joins 2.The teacher told us late for class again. A.not be B.not to be C.don't be D.not being 3.We need to decidethe project before Friday. A.how start 3 高中全国版 【非谓语动词专版】 D版重难点精讲 B.what to start C.when to start D.where starting 4.He ran as fast as he couldcatch the last bus. A.for B.to C.so D.with Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化句型结构）》 1.My parents agreed(take)me to the zoo this weekend. 2.Tom was made (apologize)to his classmate by the teacher. 3.Could you please show me how _(solve)this math problem? 4.She closed the window_(not let)the cold air in 5.The little girl wants(buy)a pink balloon at the fair. Ⅲ.短文填空（综合运用不定式） 用括号内单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺。 Last Sunday,Lily decided 1.(visit)her grandparents.She planned 2.(take)the early bus,but she overslept.To get there on time,she asked her father 3.-(drive)her.On the way,she noticed an old man struggling with heavy bags and stopped 4.(help)him.The old man thanked her and told her how 5.(get)to the nearest market.When Lily finally arrived,her grandparents were happy 6.(see)her. She promised 7.-(not be)late again next time. V.按要求改写句子（巩固不定式用法） 1.He wants to learn French.(对划线部分提问) 2.The teacher told us to keep quiet in the library.（改为否定句) 3.We started early to catch the first train.(对划线部分提间) 4.My brother made me clean my room.(改为被动语态) 4 高中全国版 【非谓语动词专版】 ,D版重难点精讲 参考答案 I.单项选择：1B2.B3.C4.B Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空：1.to take2.to apologize3.to solve4.not to let5.to buy 皿短文填空： 1.to visit 2.to take 3.to drive 4.to help 5.to get 6.to see 7.not to be V.按要求改写句子： 1.What does he want to learn? 2.The teacher told us not to keep quiet in the library. 3.Why did you start early? 4.I was made to clean my room by my brother