Unit 1简单句五种基本句型-2025-2026学年高中英语必修一语法重难点精讲（外研版）

必修1外研版 【寒假专版】 高中语法精讲 寒假专版 【语法专题】简单句五种基本句型专项突破 高中外研版必修1 语法精讲 语法概述：高中外研版必修1Uit1:简单句五种基本句型是英语句子的基础结构模式，包括主语 +谓语（不及物动词）、主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语、主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语、主 语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语、主语+系动词+表语五种类型，它们构成了英语中所有简单句的 基本框架。 重难点讲解 重难点一：主语+谓语(S+V)讲解： 该句型中谓语动词为不及物动词(vi.),后不接宾语，动作本身完整。常见不及物动词有：come, go,un,swim,happen等。 例句： 。The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。) ·Birds sing beautifully.（鸟儿动听地歌唱。) 真题再现： l.(2024北京海淀期中，外研版)The children_happily in the park now A.play B.plays C.are playing D.played 答案：C解析：句中happily'为状语，谓语动词play'为不及物动词，now提示用现在进 行时，主语children为复数，选are playing。 2.(2023江苏南京月考，外研版)An accident_near the crossing yesterday. A.happen B.happens C.happened D.will happen 答案：C解析：yesterday提示用一般过去时，不及物动词happen无被动语态，选happened。 1 必修1外研版 【寒假专版】 高中语法精讲 重难点二：主语+谓语+宾语(S+V+O)讲解： 谓语动词为及物动词（叶.），后必须接宾语（名词/代词等），表示动作的承受者。常见及物动词 有：like,eat,,buy,visit,finish等。 例句： ·She loves music..(她喜欢音乐。) ·We finished our homework.(我们完成了作业。) 真题再现： l.(2024广东广州期末，外研版)ly mother often_stories to me before bed. A.tell B.tells C.told D.is telling 答案：B解析：谓语动词tell”为及物动词，后接宾语”stories'”,often提示一般现在时，主 语mother为第三人称单数，选tells。 2.(2023 浙江杭州期中，外研版)He_a new bike for his birthday last week A.buy B.buys C.bought D.will buy 答案：C解析：last week提示一般过去时，及物动词buy后接宾语'a new bike'',选bought。. 重难点三：主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO)讲解： 谓语动词后接双宾语，间接宾语（人）表动作对象，直接宾语（物）表动作内容。常用动词：gv, show,teach,send,bring等，间接宾语可转换为”for/to+宾语”结构。 例句： ●My father gave me a book.(=My father gave a book to me.)(我爸爸给了我一本书。) ·She made her sister a cake.(=She made a cake for her sister.)(她给妹妹做了个蛋糕。) 真题再现： 1.(2024山东青岛期末，外研版)Could you please me your dictionary?I need to lookup a word. A.lend B.borrow C.keep D.return 2 必修1外研版 【寒假专版】 高中语法精讲 答案：A解析：led后接双宾语(sb.sth.),表示”借出'，符合句意”你能把字典借给我吗？ ”,选lend。 2.(2023 湖北武汉月考，外研版)The teacher_the students an interesting story yesterday. A.speak B.told C.talked D.said 答案：B解析：tell后接双宾语(sb.sth.),表示告诉某人某事'，yesterday提示用过去式 told,选B。 重难点四：主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+OC)讲解： 宾语补足语(OC)补充说明宾语的状态或动作，常见形式：形容词、名词、动词原形、现在分词 等。常用动词：make,keep,find,see,call等。 例句： ·We keep the room clean.（我们保持房间干净。)（形容词作宾补） ·They call her Lily.(他们叫她莉莉。)（名词作宾补） ·I saw him running.(我看见他在跑步。)（现在分词作宾补） 真题再现： 1.(2024 四川成都期中，外研版)The news made us_excited. A.feel B.feels C.felt D.to feel 答案：A 解析：make后接宾语us,宾补用动词原形feel,构成”'make sb.do sth.”结构，选A。 2.(2023陕西西安期末，外研版)I found a little girl一in the corner just now. A.cry B.cries C.crying D.cried 答案：C 解析：find后接宾语'a little girl'',现在分词crying作宾补，表示”正在哭'，选C。 重难点五：主语+系动词+表语(S+Linking V+P)讲解： 系动词(Linking V)连接主语和表语，表语说明主语的性质、状态或身份，常用系动词：be (am/is/are),look,seem,become,.get,tm等。表语通常为形容词、名词、介词短语等。 3 必修1外研版 【寒假专版】 高中语法精讲 例句： 。She is a student..(她是一名学生。)（名词作表语） 。The flowers look beautiful..(花看起来很漂亮。)（形容词作表语） 。He became a doctor in2020.(他2020年成为一名医生。)（名词作表语） 真题再现： 1.(2024辽宁沈阳月考，外研版)The soup_delicious..Would you like some? A.tastes B.sounds C.looks D.feels 答案：A解析：系动词taste表示”尝起来”，后接形容词delicious作表语，符合句意”汤尝 起来很美味”，选A。 2.（2023 河南郑州期末，外研版)My brother_a teacher when he grows up A.be B.is C.will be D.was 答案：C解析：when引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，系动词be的 将来时为will be,选C。 易错点综合演练 I单项选择（直击重难点） 1.The sun in the west every day. A.set B.sets C.is setting D.will set 2.They basketball on the playground when I saw them A.play B.plays C.were playing D.played 3.My father often me books on my birthday. 4 必修1外研版 【寒假专版】 高中语法精讲 A.give B.gives C.gave D.will give 4.We the classroom clean every morning. A.keep B.keeps C.kept D.are keeping 5.The flowers very beautiful in spring. A.look B.looks C.looked D.are looking Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化句型结构）》 1.Listen!Someone_(sing)in the next room. 2.He(eat)breakfast at 7 o'clock yesterday morning. 3.My mother(teach)me English last year 4.I found him (read)a storybook just now. 5.The weather(get)colder and colder now. 血短文填空（综合运用句型结构) 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺。 Yesterday,I 1.(go)to the park with my friends.We 2.(see)many birds in the trees.They 3. (sing)happily.A little girl 4.(cry)because she couldn't find her mother.We 5.(help)her look for her mother.Finally,we 6.(find)her mother.The girl 7.(become)happy again.We 8.(feel) very glad to help her. V.连词成句（聚焦句型结构） 1.happily,children,in,the,are,playing,park ( 2.my,bought,a,father,bike,me,(. 3.room,we,the,clean,keep,( 4.is,a,she,student,good,(. 必修1外研版 【寒假专版】 高中语法精讲 5.saw,I,running,him,morning,this,(. V.按要求改写句子（巩固句型转换） l.He plays football every afternoon.(改为现在进行时) 2.She gave me a pen yesterday.(改为一般疑间句) 3.They keep the desk tidy.(对划线部分提问) 4.The food tastes delicious.(改为否定句) 5.I saw her dance in the room.(改为被动语态) 综合演练参考答案 I.单项选择：1B2.C3.B4.A5.A Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空：1.is singing2.was eating3.taught4.reading5.is getting Ⅲ.短文填空： 1.went 2.saw 3.were singing 4.was crying 5.helped 6.found 7.became 8.felt V.连词成句： 1.Children are playing happily in the park. 2.My father bought me a bike. 3.We keep the room clean. 4.She is a good student. 5.I saw him running this morning. 6 必修1外研版 【寒假专版】 高中语法精讲 V.按要求改写句子： 1.He is playing football now. 2.Did she give you a pen yesterday? 3.How do they keep the desk? 4.The food doesn't taste delicious 5.He was seen to dance in the room by me 7