过去完成时-2025-2026学年高中英语选修一语法重难点精讲（沪教版）

高中沪教牛津版 选择性必修1 重难点精讲 语法专版 【语法专题】过去完成时专项突破 高中沪教牛津版选择性必修1 语法精讲 语法概述：过去完成时(had+过去分词)=表示过去某个时间或动作之前已经完成的动作，强调” 过去的过去”，在句中可作谓语。 重难点讲解 重难点一：过去完成时的基本结构及用法讲解： 过去完成时表示在过去某个时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，其基本结构为”主语+had+ 过去分词'，无人称和数的变化。它强调'过去的过去”，常与by,before,when等引导的表示过去 时间的状语连用，或通过上下文暗示。 例句： 。She had finished her homework before her mother came back.(在妈妈回来之前，她已经完成了 作业。) 。By the end of last term,we had learned2000 English words.(到上学期末，我们已经学了2000个 英语单词。) 真题再现： 1.(2024上海浦东区期中，沪教牛津版)When I arrived at the cinema,the film for ten minutes. A.has begun B.had begun C.has been on D.had been on 答案：D解析：arrived是过去动作，”电影开始”发生在arrived之前，即”过去的过去”，且 for ten minutes表示持续时间，begin是瞬间动词，需用beon表示状态，故选D。 2.(2023 上海徐汇区月考，沪教牛津版)He told me he_the Great Wall twice before he came to Beijing A.visits B.visited C.has visited D.had visited 高中沪教牛津版 选择性必修1重难点精讲 答案：D解析：”告诉”(told)是过去动作，”参观长城发生在”告诉”之前，即过去的 过去”，用过去完成时，故选D。 重难点二：过去完成时与一般过去时的区别讲解： 过去完成时表示”过去的过去”，强调动作的先后顺序，即一个动作在另一个过去动作之前完成： 般过去时仅表示过去某个时间发生的动作，不强调与其他动作的先后关系。当句中出现两个过去 动作时，先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的用一般过去时。 例句： ●I had eaten breakfast before I went to school..(先吃早餐，再上学，”吃早餐'用过去完成时，” 上学”用一般过去时) 。I ate breakfast and then went to school.(仅陈述过去两个先后发生的动作，均用一般过去时，不 强调”过去的过去”) 真题再现： 1.(2024上海黄浦区期末，沪教牛津版)She一the letter and_it to the post office, A.wrote;took B.had written;took C.wrote;had taken D.had written;had taken 答案：B解析：”写信”发生在”寄信”之前，先发生的动作用过去完成时，后发生的用一般 过去时，故选B。 2.(2023 上海静安区期中，沪教牛津版)When the police arrived,the thief_already一. A.has;left B.had;left C.will;leave D.was;leaving 答案：B解析：”警察到达”是过去动作，”小偷离开”发生在到达”之前，即”过去的过 去”，用过去完成时，故选B。 重难点三：过去完成时在宾语从句中的应用讲解： 当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，且宾语从句的动作发生在主句动作之前时，宾语从句要用过去 完成时。常见的主句动词有said,told,kew,thought等。 例句： 。He said that he had never seen such a beautiful sunset before..(,说”是过去动作，”没见过日落” 发生在说”之前，用过去完成时) 。She told me she had bought a new dress the day before.(”告诉'是过去动作，”买裙子'发生在 告诉”之前，用过去完成时) 高中沪教牛津版 选择性必修1 重难点精讲 真题再现： 1.(2024 上海长宁区月考，沪教牛津版)My brother said he_the film twice.. A.sees B.saw C.has seen D.had seen 答案：D解析：主句动词said是一般过去时，”看电影”发生在”说”之前，宾语从句用过 去完成时，故选D。 2.（2023上海虹口区期末，沪教牛津版)The teacher found that some students their homework. A.didn't finish B.haven't finished C.hadn't finished D.won't finish 答案：C解析：主句动词foud是一般过去时，”没完成作业”发生在”发现”之前，宾语从 句用过去完成时，故选C。 重难点四：过去完成时与by+过去时间状语的搭配讲解： by+过去时间状语”（如by last year,by the end of last month,by yesterday等）常与过去完成时连 用，表示”到过去某个时间为止，动作已经完成”。 例句： ●By the time he was ten,he had learned three foreign languages.(到他十岁时，他已经学了三门外 语。) ·They had built five new schools by the end of last year.(到去年年底，他们已经建了五所新学校。) 真题再现： 1.(2024上海杨浦区期中，沪教牛津版)By yesterday afternoon,we_all the work A.finish B.finished C.have finished D.had finished 答案：D解析：by yesterday afternoon是过去时间状语，与过去完成时连用，故选D。 2.（2023 上海闵行区月考，沪教牛津版)By the time I got home,my parents_ dinner A.prepare B.prepared C.have prepared D.had prepared 答案：D解析：by the time引导的从句用一般过去时(got home),主句动作'准备晚餐'发 生在”到家”之前，用过去完成时，故选D。 高中沪教牛津版 选择性必修1重难点精讲 易错点综合演练 L单项选择（直击重难点) 1.When I called her,she dinner for half an hour. A.has cooked B.had cooked C.has been cooking D.had been cooking 2.My father saidhe to London twice before 2020. A.goes B.went C.has gone D.had gone 3.By the time she was five,she200 Chinese characters. A.learns B.learned C.has learned D.had learned 4.He the novel and then lent it to his friend. A.reads B.read C.hadread D.has read Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化句型结构） 1.She told me she (see)the movie three times before. 2.By last summer,we(live)in this city for ten years. 3.When the rain stopped,they(already leave)the park 4.The teacher found that Tom (not finish)his homework yet. Ⅲ.短文填空（综合运用过去完成时) 用括号内动词的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺。 Last Sunday,I went to visit my grandparents.They(prepare)abig meal when I arrived.I was surprised because I(not tell)them I would come.My grandma said,"Your mother(call)us yesterday.She _(say)you might come."I felt happy because they(wait)for me for two hours.After lunch,we_ (watch)a photo album.I saw many pictures that I(never/see)before. V.连词成句（聚焦句型结构） 高中沪教牛津版 选择性必修1重难点精讲 1.had,by,last,they,finished,the,project,month,(. 2.he,told,me,he,the,news,had,heard,already,( 3.before,she,came,here,had,lived,she,in,Beijing,for,five,years,(. 4.the,when,arrived,guests,the,food,been,had,ready,already,(. V.按要求改写句子（巩固否定、疑问句式） l.Ie had finished his work before6o'clock.(改为否定句) 2.She had learned English for five years by2022.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答) 3.They left after we had arrived.(对划线部分提问) 4.Tom said,.'I have visited the museum twice.”(改为间接引语) 综合演练参考答案 I.单项选择：1.D2D3.D4.C Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空：1had seen2 had lived3.had already left4.hadn't finished Ⅱ.短文填空： 1.had prepared 2.hadn't told 3.had called 4.had said 5.had waited 6.watched 7had never seen IV.连词成句： 1.They had finished the project by last month. 2.He told me he had already heard the news. 3.She had lived in Beijing for five years before she came here. 4.When the guests arrived the food had already been ready. 5 高中沪教牛津版 选择性必修1重难点精讲 V.按要求改写句子： 1.He hadn't finished his work before 6 o'clock. 2.Had she learned English for five years by 2022?Yes,she had. 3.When did they leave? 4.Tom said that he had visited the museum twice.