专题01 语法填空题（精选名校试卷15篇）【考题猜想】-2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期中考点大串讲（上海）

2024-2025学年高二上学期期中考点大串讲（上海） 专题01 语法填空题精选15篇 （原题版） 01 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市交通大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试题 At what age do you hit the peak of your career? When John Goodenough won the Nobel prize in chemistry in 2019 at the age of 97, scientists breathed a sigh of relief. Many had worried that the committee would not get around to honouring his groundbreaking work on lithium-ion batteries from 1980. Goodenough was 1 (old) winner of the world’s foremost research prize. Usually, laureates (获奖者) are closer to 55 when they pick up the phone to hear the welcome Swedish accent. But it 2 take years between the publication of a laureate’s career-defining work and recognition from the Nobel committee. At what age are they at the height of their powers? The answer has changed over time. Science laureates 3 received the prize between 1901 and 1950 were, on average, 39 years old when they published their winning paper, according to research published in 1957. But a study of more recent Nobel laureates published in 2019 by Rasmus Bjork of the Technical University of Denmark found that science and economics winners were, on average, 44 at the time of their prizewinning work. Differences 4 disciplines have lessened. In the first half of the 20th century physicists and chemists were significantly younger when they made their big contributions (at 35 and 38 respectively) 5 were medical scientists (42). At the time this 6 (attribute) to the birth of modern physics at the turn of the century—spurred by new radiation discoveries, the theory of relativity and quantum mechanics—which set the scene for younger scientists 7 (make) their mark. Now, however, the ages of peak achievement in each field are much closer, though physicists still tend to be slightly younger than average. Physicists need fewer papers to make a big contribution, which may be 8 they tend to be relatively young when that happens. They usually win Nobels for one big discovery, whereas economists, for example, get them for theories they develop over several years, which pushes up their average age. Regardless of discipline, future Nobel laureates in science are most productive from late youth to early middle age. Perhaps that is when they find themselves at the sweet intersection of fresh ideas and the means to pursue them. The median age of first-year PhD students in the OECD, a club of mainly rich countries, is 29. Promising young researchers who want to start their own labs often get funding around five years after they graduate. Surprisingly, writers, who depend less on doctoral degrees and grants for lab equipment, also do their best work as they enter middle age. Some Nobel laureates in literature, 9 Bob Dylan, were chosen for their contributions over a lifetime. But in cases where the Nobel committee singled out for commendation individual works, the authors’ average age was 41. Perhaps people destined to do prizewinning work become happier, and therefore more creative, as they enter 10 40s. Society loves the idea of young talent, but it should celebrate middle-aged talent, too. 02 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试题 We Tend to Overlook the Simple Solutions Less is more. A poet knows perfection when there is 11 left to remove. Leonardo da Vinci supposedly said so. But when 12 (solve) problems, people tend to go the other way. Gabrielle Adams at the University of Virginia and her team asked people to complete tasks 13 solutions involved either adding or taking away parts. All of the tasks were designed so 14 reducing parts would be one of the most efficient options. In one, around 200 people had to alter a Lego building to support a weight in order to gain a $1 bonus. The roof of the building was balancing dangerously 15 just one support. A solution would be to add several bricks to better support the roof, which they were told 16 (cost) 10 cents each. Another way of strengthening the structure was to remove one brick. Only 41 percent chose to do this. In another task, around 300 people had to make a frame of 100 squares balanced by either adding or removing green blocks. When asked to take the test with no practice, only 49 percent of people chose to remove blocks. However, when they had been given three practice runs, this rose to 63 percent. During the research, the team also spoke to a newly 17 (appoint) leader who asked his staff for suggestions on 18 he could improve the day-to-day operation of the company. For every idea to remove a policy or rule, the leader received eight ideas 19 (add) one. Adams believes this tendency to add complexity 20 cause us to miss potentially superior options or designs. 03 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试卷 Earth is on Fire I’ve never known an earth that wasn’t on fire. I’m 23 years old, and my entire generation has come of age in a world so 21 (define) by climate change that it’s sometimes been hard to work out 22 an even worse future might look like. It has, that is, until the pandemic reared, its ugly bead. At first, things seemed hopeful. Struggling to adjust to the new normal of life in quarantine (隔离) in March and April, we were relieved to read that emissions levels had dipped, 23 only temporarily, and that the skies over New Delhi and Los Angeles and Buenos Aires had cleared of smog. I smiled, as we all did, to notice that animals wore reaming free through quiet, traffic-free cities. Nature seemed 24 (reclaim) spaces humans had abandoned. These story lines gave us belief, in the midst of so much present grief, 25 the planet’s resilience (恢复力). This “anthropause” was a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity for humans to understand our impact on wildlife. But only for a moment Pandemics like this happen and will keep happening 26 we humans have long invaded wild spaces, 27 (increase) the chances of disease from animals to people. South America’s Pantanal, the world’s largest tropical wetland, has burned like never before. And in the U.S., we’ve somehow become 28 (thoughtful) in our daily choices—accepting that extra plastic bag at the supermarket, ordering takeout despite all the single-use containers and, driving instead of taking public transportation—because, well, “it’s a global pandemic.” Take a walk outside, and you 29 (find) masks and latex gloves littering our streets and beaches and parks that will eventually fill rivers, lakes and seas. In today’s pandemic moment, nature’s story line has reached a low point. But I like to think that the anthropause still gives some hope 30 perhaps if we all live a little lighter, if we listen to those who are in harmony with the land and if we seek comfort in all that there is to love in the world, nature might meet us halfway. The planet and our fates hang in the balance. 04 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市进才中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试卷 Uber Eats pilots reusable container scheme From today (Tuesday 18 April, 2023) Uber Eats customers in Central London will be given the option to order their takeaway in reusable containers and easily return them in an attempt 31 (address) single use packaging. 32 (Bring) together various businesses, the project will test and measure how localized doorstep at-home collections of reusable packaging can increase the adoption rate of a reuse system and improve convenience. The system has been developed to make 33 as easy and convenient as possible for people to take part. When placing their orders, Uber Eats customers can choose to receive their food in reusable packaging. Once they’ve enjoyed their meals, 34 they need to do is to scan a QR code, select a day for collection, give the containers a simple rinse and await collection. All collections are low or no emissions, 35 (make) by deliverymen using bikes, electric cars or vans. The trial will run for six months and will be managed by Again, which operates a network of packaging cleaning facilities 36 the reusable packaging will be cleaned and processed before being returned to the restaurants. Various promotions 37 (test) throughout the trial to measure opt-in rate and return rate. “This pilot aims to make reusable packing 38 (accessible) for customers and restaurants alike,” says Matthew Price, Uber Eats General Manager. “By integrating the reuse option 39 a delivery app used by many households and by offering doorstep collections, we hope to see a significant increase in the use of reusable takeaway packaging. The trial will help create 40 better understanding of what works and what doesn’t at a local level, and hopefully lead to wider roll out of this reuse system across more businesses and areas.” 05 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages co herent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市曹杨二中2023-2024学年高二上学期期中试卷英语试题 You never forget your first whale. The impact it makes 41 you is huge and life is never quite the same again. The world seems to be having more and more whale lovers. Since its beginnings in the mid-50s, whale-watching 42 (grow) quickly and now more than 13 million people join 43 (organize) whale watching trips every year. The trouble is that a few hours of whale watching simply isn’t enough. You go out in the morning and, 44 lunchtime, you are planning your next trip; by teatime, you are planning the one after that. All your holidays center around whales: the only books you read are those about whales, you wear whale T-shirts, and 45 you meet your friends you talk about whales. So, what is it about these larger-than-life animals 46 makes them so special? Their size is one possible explanation. Imagine 47 (sit) in a small boat next to a blue whale almost as long as a Boeing 737; only a lump of rock could remain 48 (unmove) by an experience like that. They are great fun to watch, too. Humpback whales, for example, 49 leap into the air and land back in the water with a huge splash. Then there is the striking and deeply moving level of trust 50 many whales show towards people. It’s a truly humbling experience when an enormous whale comes alongside the boat and greets you like an old friend. 06 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题 Notable Chinese beauty influencer Li Jiaqi was found in the vortex (漩涡) of severe online controversy after his livestreaming on Saturday evening where he made “inappropriate remarks” against a netizen 51 post pointed out the steep price of a home-made eyebrow pencil. He seemed to be upset about the comment and said the price of the product remain unchanged over the years. “The product is expensive? Sometimes people need to find the reasons why they 52 (not receive) a pay rise after working so many years. Have they worked hard enough?” he said. This has spurred heated engagement online, 53 (set) 13 trending topics on a prominent Chinese social media platform, Weibo. Some netizens felt Li has no right to judge the consumers and slash out on people’s spending power, saying “commenting on the financial abilities of consumers crosses a line”, 54 others identified with him, assuming that he was merely countering the comments that looked down on the value of domestic goods. In a subsequent livestream, Li made a heartfelt apology, attributing his success to his female fans and acknowledged his comments let 55 down. Moreover, he stated everyone has the right to voice their perspectives about products during live-streaming and 56 he must always provide his audience with positive energy and control his emotions. In the aftermath of this controversy, Li lost more than 848,000 fans on Weibo. Additionally, there may be impending implications for his collaboration with Huaxizi, the makeup brand 57 (involve) in the dispute. 58 media reports, the continuation of the partnership between the brand and Li depends on the event’s influence, the market’s reaction, and sales data. This incident underscores the pitfalls (隐患) within the rapidly growing field of live-stream commerce, including issues of price, quality control, and the interchange between influencers and consumers. 59 this digital commercial arena continues to expand, regulators and brands are increasingly addressing such transgressions and seeking ways 60 (better) the intersection of online product promotion and consumer interaction. 07 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市建平中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试卷 Indoor vs outdoor exercising: Which is more productive? People tend to lean heavily on the gym when it comes to exercise. The gym is just an easy concept: you go and the machines are right there. You get the workout done and you leave. But maybe that’s the problem. Is it better for your body, health and fitness goals to work out in the open air 61 conditions vary? It depends on so many factors, but the short answer is yes: Science says it is, in fact, better to exercise outdoors. Take running, for example. In a study 62 (look) at runners who covered the same distance on a treadmill (跑步机) and outdoors, the group that ran inside were said 63 (consume) less energy than the outside group. This is because of terrain changes and wind speed, which you don’t face in the controlled climate of gym. Your body 64 work harder, and thus you burn more calories. Another consideration that 65 (make) exercising outside tougher, specifically in warmer months, is temperature. In most gyms, the air conditioners are blowing during the open hours to keep a cool and comfortable environment, meaning you’re consuming less energy and sweating less than you would if you were doing the same activity in the great outdoors. In addition, a systematic study on the effects of physical activity outside in a natural environment versus indoors revealed the fact 66 among people doing the same activity, the outdoor exercises showed “greater feelings of refreshment and positive engagement; decreases in tension, confusion, anger and depression; and 67 (increase) energy” afterward. 68 many advantages, working outside has its limitations. From changeable weather to safety concerns, it’s not always 69 option. The bottom line? Switch up your workout and get outside as much as you can, but don’t bother about it if the gym is a 70 (practical) choice for you. Doing any workout is amazing for your body and health. 08 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市六校2023-2024学年高二上学期期中联合调研英语试题     A Good Samaritan (助人为乐者) Saves Bride’s Big Day In a heartwarming display of kindness and good fortune, a passerby came to the rescue of a bride whose wedding day nearly took an unexpected turn for the worse 71 her car broke down on the way to the church. Sharon Travers was on her way to the ceremony at Cults Parish Church in Aberdeen, Scotland, 72 (exchange) vows with her future husband, Martin Kelly. However, just when it seemed like the universe was going to be against her, a Good Samaritan emerged to ensure that 73 she expected in her dream wedding kept perfect. The car Triumph Stag 74 (invent) in the 1870s, in which Sharon was traveling, decided to play 75 own part in the wedding drama when it suddenly came to stop on the road. At that time, Sharon’s driver promptly stopped the first passing car 76 turned out to be driven by Alan Knowles, a name that would soon be remembered in the bride’s memory 77 her rescuer. Without hesitation, Alan agreed to drive the distressed bride-to-be to the church. Following the successful rescue mission, Sharon 78 hardly restrain her gratitude. She hugged her newfound hero, 79 (thank) him deeply. However, on mood swings at that moment, she forgot to inquire about his name. Thanks to the power of social media and a community-driven appeal, the anonymous (匿名的) Good Samaritan 80 (identify) successfully. “I’m glad the bride managed to get to the church on time,” Alan said. “I just really want to say thank you,” Sharon responded. “I’m now laughing about it, but I certainly wasn’t at the time. I’m so grateful. It was such a fantastic moment.” 09 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市育才中学2023学年高二上学期期中英语试卷 The 17-year-old making films fun for deaf children For eight-year-old Toby, who is deaf, watching films or TV can sometimes be a bit pointless, because so many of them don’t have sign language versions. “We have subtitles (字幕) but it goes too fast,” his dad Jarod Mills said. But now, Toby has some help thanks to an app 81 (develop) by a 17-year-old student, Mariella Satow, who created a signing app called SignUp. She got the idea when she 82 (teach) herself American Sign Language (ASL) — one of hundreds of sign languages used across the world. Manella wanted to watch TV shows to help her learn, and she was disappointed 83 (discover) how few had signed versions. It’s taken a year for Mariella to develop the technology, with lots of help from ASL teachers and the deaf community. The app is available in the US as a browser extension—with an interpreter appearing in a box 84 the film starts playing. It only works on Disney Plus films at the moment, because that’s 85 Mariella thought she could help the most children. Jarod, 86 works at a school for deaf children, says it was “exciting” watching Toby use Mariella’s invention. He says, “Kids are getting information like any hearing child does.” Deaf people in the UK face many of the same barriers when it comes to cinema and TV. “A hearing person 87 go to the cinema any time whereas deaf people have to make sure there’s a suitable viewing a time we’re free,” says 27-year-old Stacey Worboys from Cardiff. She has learned British Sign Language(BSL), and is comfortable using subtitles when watching TV shows and films. But she feels having an interpreter would make things 88 (inclusive), especially for someone who might struggle with subtitles. Stacey and Toby aren’t the only people to be welcoming Mariella’s app. It’s now got thousands of users, and she’s working long days to balance it with her A-level studies. The time difference from New York to her school in Rugby, Warwickshire, means she sets her alarm for 5am. She admits it’s “a bit tough” – but the silver lining is it gives her time to work on SignUp once lessons are over. The positive reaction from teachers and parents has kept Mariella 89 (motivate) to face the early starts.” The most meaningful comments are when it’s the first time a child 90 (have) full access to a movie. The numbers don’t really matter. Instead, it’s the messages,” she says. 10 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages co herent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市奉贤区四校联考2023-2024学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题 Young people around the world have volunteered 91 (help) others in need using their time, energy, knowledge, and skills. For example, Joris, a 10-year-old boy in Seattle, has helped to protect cheetahs 92 the threat of extinction by raising more than $14,000. 93 (donate) all the money he has raised, he makes his own contributions to wildlife conservation. In the last two years, Jack, together with his 14-year-old twin brother, 94 (launch) a database to connect children with volunteer opportunities such as working for animal shelters and urban farming groups. 95 boy, Jackson, is determined to fight against plastic pollution. A campaign 96 (lead) by him to promote the use of recyclable water bottles plays a part in local environmental protection. He also urges the local restaurant to sell more paper water bottles. Xiao Meng, a 20-year-old volunteer tour guide in the Palace Museum, spent three months hanging around the Forbidden City 97 she could remember every detail of the Palace Museum, 98 sounds absolutely incredible. There is no denying that we should show respect for 99 these young volunteers have done for our world. By doing these meaningful volunteering, young people 100 successfully avoid getting annoyed at small things in life and focus on what is truly important. 11 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中英语试卷 A good night’s sleep is more important to your health than you may realize. Megan Jones knew she was tired. Though it had been more than 24 hours since the 25-year-old Vancouverite returned from New Zealand. She 101 (still recover) from jet lag. Jones had left New Zealand on Thursday at 7a.m., and after a 17-hour flight she arrived in Vancouver at 7:25—Thursday morning. She forced herself to stay awake all day, hoping to force her body into sleeping through the night. But getting the sleep she needed 102 (not prove) easy, even though she hadn’t slept in nearly 36 hours. “I barely slept that night,” Jones says. The time change 103 (disrupt) her sleep pattern, and she wasn’t rested when she woke at her usual 8 a.m. Jones wasn’t aware just how tired she was until two hours later 104 she set off or the grocery store—driving into the lane of oncoming traffic. “Suddenly I knew 105 wasn’t right,” she says. “I wasn’t in New Zealand anymore. I was in Canada—driving on the wrong side of the road.” Luckily she was able to pull back into the right lane without incident. “There’s no question 106 not getting enough sleep can lead to difficulty in concentrating, says Dr. Jeffery Lipsitz, medical director for the Sleep Disorders Center of Metropolitan Toronto. Studies have suggested that getting a good night’s sleep means waking up 107 (rest). On average, a healthy adult requires just over eight hours of sleep a night, according to Lipsitz. However, the amount of sleep it takes to achieve rejuvenation varies from person to person. “It’s not a fixed number,” says Joseph DeKoninck, professor of psychology at the University of Ottawa, adding that 108 you consistently get less than you need, “a sleep deficit accumulates.” According to studies from Wright State University in Dayton, Ohio, at least one third of adults have significant sleep loss. A recent AC Nielson Poll shows that 19%of American adults get six hours or less a night. Why are we so sleep deprived? “We’re so busy that we often don’t allow enough time for sleep,” says Dr. S.R. Dong of the Westcoast Sleep and Breathing Centre in Burnaby, B．C．, who believes lifestyle is the main factor contributing to lack of sleep. According to 109 (recent) General Social Survey done by Statistics Canada, 47%of Canadians 110 cut back on sleep in order to add time to their days. Whether it’s rushing to get the housework done once the kids have gone to bed, attending a social function or working late, we’re sleeping less than we should. The same survey reveals that 40% of Canadians report trouble sleeping when they’re severely pressed for time. 12 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市控江中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题 Green efforts produce promising results along upper reaches of Yangtze River Every late autumn, groups of black-headed gulls (海鸥) arrive “as 111 (schedule)” in Luzhou city on the upper reaches (上游) of the Yangtze River. 112 (circle) over the water, the oceanic birds always attract a crowd of bind watchers. Besides Luzhou, the migratory birds are also frequent visitors to Sichuan’s Deyang, Neijiang and other cities 113 the Tuojiang River flows. Local enthusiasts have all set up bird-watching and bird-love associations. The black-headed gull, a rare bird species 114 white feathers and red beak and claws, is regarded as the “barometer” (风向标) of the ecological environment in watersheds (流域). The spotting of these black-headed birds reflects the promising results produced by Sichuan’s green efforts in recent years. Among Sichuan’s many water systems, the Tuojiang River shares a vital position, 115 because it is an essential tributary (支流) of the Yangtze River, but also due to the fact 116 the 25,500 square kilometers it flows through cover the most concentrated, densely populated and economically powerful areas in the province. Since the 1990s, the continuous acceleration of industrialization and urbanization exerted huge environmental burdens on the Tuojiang River, making it once 117 (polluted) river in Sichuan. Consequently, a campaign to treat water pollution 118 (launch) in 2018. After years of efforts, the water quality of the Tuojiang River flowing into the estuary (河口) of the Yangtze River has now reached its best level in 20 years. Chengdu, the provincial capital, has embraced more blue skies in recent years 119 the promotion of air pollution prevention and control work. According to the Chengdu Mountain View Data Report released annually by a large group of photography enthusiasts, the number of days 120 people were able to see snow mountains from downtown Chengdu increased from 50 days in 2017 to 63 days in 2021. 13 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市复兴高级中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题 Are People Unique? A considerable number of people consider other species on earth are somehow inferior to us. Throughout the history, it has always been human beings’ pride 121 we are the only species on the Planet that can speak and think. However, recent research casts doubt on that common belief. Zuberbuhler, a psychologist at St. Andrews University, and his colleagues recorded thousands of calls made by Diana’s monkeys and noticed that the monkeys adapted their calls to change the meaning 122 (warn) one another about different situations. For example, they made a krack alarm call at the sight of tiger. However, when they merely repeated calls made by other monkeys they added an “oo”. The researchers found that the same calls 123 (recognize) by other species, like Campbell’s monkeys.“So they are communicating across species. And since then we have found that hornbill birds can understand these calls and they too can understand all the different meanings.” said Zuberbuhler. 124 is also surprising is that signs of intelligence have been found in birds, 125 small brains were long assumed to be a complete barrier to intelligence. However, all that is changing fast. A few years ago Irene Pepperberg of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology taught a parrot to recognize and count up to six objects, 126 couldn’t have been achieved if birds were unable to memorize things. Last year, that was topped by Alex Kacelnik, a professor of behavioral ecology at Oxford, who discovered that crows (G49) are capable of using tools on complex orders. This was the first time that such behaviour 127 (observe) in non-humans. In an experiment seven crows successfully grabbed a piece of food 128 (place) out of reach using three different lengths of stick. Crucially, they were able to complete the task without any special training, 129 (suggest) the birds were capable of a level of abstract reasoning normally associated only with humans. All this is powerful evidence 130 the idea that people are unique. 14 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市控江中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷 Are Summering and Medaling Annoying? While many of us in the northern hemisphere may have been away somewhere nice recently, not many of us would say that we’ve ‘summered’. “Summer” is clearly a noun, or 131 (precisely), a “verbified” noun. Way back in our childhood, we all learned the differences between a noun (person, place or thing) and a verb (action word). 132 such a tidy definition, it was easy to spot the difference. Not so in adulthood, where we are expected to “foot” bills, “chair” committees, and “dialogue” with political opponents. Chances are you don’t feel uncomfortable at the sight of those 133 (verb) nouns. “The verbing of nouns is as old the English language,” says Patricia O’ Conner, a former editor at the The New York Times Book Review. Experts estimate that 20 percent of all English verbs were originally nouns. And the phenomenon seems 134 (snowball). Since 1900, about 40 percent of all new verbs have come from nouns. 135 conversion (转化) is quite universal, plenty of grammarians object to the practice, William Strunk Jr. and E. B．White, in The Elements of Style — the Bible for the use of American English — have this to say: “Many nouns lately 136 (press) into service as verbs. Not all are bad, but all are suspect.” The Chicago Manual of Style takes a similar standpoint, 137 (advise) writers to use verbs in this way cautiously, if at all. So are there any rules fro verbing? Benjamin Dreyer, copy chief at Random House, doesn’t offer a rule, but suggests that people thin twice about “verbifying” a noun if it’s easily replaceable by 138 already existing popular verb. Make sure it is descriptive but not silly sounding, he says. In the end, however, style is subjective. If I invite you to “Facebook me”, you’ll know exactly   139 I mean. I suppose I could ask you to contact me on Facebook or to connect with me on Facebook, but why bother? “Facebook me” is easy to say. Easy conversion of nouns to verbs has been part of English grammar for centuries; it is one of the processes 140 make English “English”. Not every coinage passes into general use, but as for trying to end verbing together, forget it. 15 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages co herent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市洋泾中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷 A police training academy in Liaoning province is looking for permanent homes for over 50 canines (警犬) that failed the exam to join the official canine team. The 54 dogs, most of 141 did not qualify to work with the police team, will be auctioned (拍卖) on July 7. The animals were considered unfit for the force 142 not meeting the police’s strict size, strength, personality, or age requirements. According to the auction’s rules, the starting bid for each dog is 200 yuan but participants 143 first watch a video about their favoured animal before being able to bid (出价) . They are also required to take them home the same day and sign a written commitment 144 (state) that they will follow the local regulations and will not resell the dogs or transfer ownership. “The owner must treat the adopted dog kindly and feed and manage it properly 145 its natural death, and shoulder full responsibility 146 they fail to fulfill this promise,” the announcement reads. On its website, details of the animals 147 (download) over 60, 000 times, while the web page has attracted over 150, 000 views. Following the attention 148 (draw) online, a police officer reminds people 149 (follow) local guidelines on raising these breeds. He says some cities do not allow people to keep large-sized dogs, while 150 require dogs to be micro chipped for “civilized dog-raising”. In short, do not be hot-headed. Think carefully before you bid. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年高二上学期期中考点大串讲（上海） 专题01 语法填空题精选15篇 （解析版） 01 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市交通大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试题 At what age do you hit the peak of your career? When John Goodenough won the Nobel prize in chemistry in 2019 at the age of 97, scientists breathed a sigh of relief. Many had worried that the committee would not get around to honouring his groundbreaking work on lithium-ion batteries from 1980. Goodenough was 1 (old) winner of the world’s foremost research prize. Usually, laureates (获奖者) are closer to 55 when they pick up the phone to hear the welcome Swedish accent. But it 2 take years between the publication of a laureate’s career-defining work and recognition from the Nobel committee. At what age are they at the height of their powers? The answer has changed over time. Science laureates 3 received the prize between 1901 and 1950 were, on average, 39 years old when they published their winning paper, according to research published in 1957. But a study of more recent Nobel laureates published in 2019 by Rasmus Bjork of the Technical University of Denmark found that science and economics winners were, on average, 44 at the time of their prizewinning work. Differences 4 disciplines have lessened. In the first half of the 20th century physicists and chemists were significantly younger when they made their big contributions (at 35 and 38 respectively) 5 were medical scientists (42). At the time this 6 (attribute) to the birth of modern physics at the turn of the century—spurred by new radiation discoveries, the theory of relativity and quantum mechanics—which set the scene for younger scientists 7 (make) their mark. Now, however, the ages of peak achievement in each field are much closer, though physicists still tend to be slightly younger than average. Physicists need fewer papers to make a big contribution, which may be 8 they tend to be relatively young when that happens. They usually win Nobels for one big discovery, whereas economists, for example, get them for theories they develop over several years, which pushes up their average age. Regardless of discipline, future Nobel laureates in science are most productive from late youth to early middle age. Perhaps that is when they find themselves at the sweet intersection of fresh ideas and the means to pursue them. The median age of first-year PhD students in the OECD, a club of mainly rich countries, is 29. Promising young researchers who want to start their own labs often get funding around five years after they graduate. Surprisingly, writers, who depend less on doctoral degrees and grants for lab equipment, also do their best work as they enter middle age. Some Nobel laureates in literature, 9 Bob Dylan, were chosen for their contributions over a lifetime. But in cases where the Nobel committee singled out for commendation individual works, the authors’ average age was 41. Perhaps people destined to do prizewinning work become happier, and therefore more creative, as they enter 10 40s. Society loves the idea of young talent, but it should celebrate middle-aged talent, too. 【答案】 1．the oldest 2．can 3．who 4．between 5．than 6．was attributed 7．to make 8．why 9．such as 10．their 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们在什么年龄达到职业生涯的顶峰？ 1．考查形容词最高级。句意：古迪纳夫是世界上最重要的研究奖最年长的获奖者。根据句意以及该句中的of the world’s可知，此处为形容词最高级，the oldest“最年长的”。故填the oldest。 2．考查情态动词。句意：但是，从获奖者的职业定义作品发表到获得诺贝尔委员会的认可，可能需要数年时间。根据句意可知，此处为情态动词can表示“能够”后接take，表示“可能花……时间”，满足句意要求。故填can。 3．考查定语从句。句意：1957年发表的一项研究显示，1901年至1950年间获得诺贝尔科学奖的人发表获奖论文时的平均年龄为39岁。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词who引导的定语从句，先行词Science laureates在从句中作主语成分。故填who。 4．考查介词。句意：学科之间的差异已经减小。根据句意可知，此处为介词between“在……之间”，构成Differences between“在……之间的差异”，满足句意要求。故填between。 5．考查比较级用法。句意：在20世纪上半叶，物理学家和化学家在做出重大贡献时(分别为35岁和38岁)要比医学科学家(42岁)年轻得多。根据句意以及空前younger可知，此处为形容词比较级形式，为younger than“比……年轻的多”。故填than。 6．考查动词短语和时态。句意：当时，这被认为是世纪之交现代物理学的诞生——受到新的辐射发现、相对论和量子力学的刺激——为年轻科学家创造了条件。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语be attributed to“归因于”，结合上下文时态可知，此处应为一般过去时。故填was attributed。 7．考查动词不定式。句意：当时，这被认为是世纪之交现代物理学的诞生——受到新的辐射发现、相对论和量子力学的刺激——为年轻科学家创造了条件。分析句子可知， 此处为动词不定式to do表示“为了……”作目的状语，满足句意要求。故填to make。 8．考查表语从句。句意：物理学家需要更少的论文来做出重大贡献，这可能就是为什么当这种情况发生时，他们往往相对年轻。分析句子可知，此处为连接副词why表示“为什么”引导的表语从句，why在从句中作状语成分。故填why。 9．考查介词短语。句意：一些诺贝尔文学奖得主，如鲍勃·迪伦，因其一生的贡献而被选中。根据句意以及空后Bob Dylan为名词可知，此处为介词短语such as“例如”，满足句意要求。故填such as。 10．考查代词。句意：也许注定要从事获奖工作的人在步入40岁后会变得更快乐，因此也更有创造力。根据句意以及空前they可知，此处为形容词性物主代词their后接40s，表示“他们的40岁后”，满足句意要求。故填their。 02 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试题 We Tend to Overlook the Simple Solutions Less is more. A poet knows perfection when there is 11 left to remove. Leonardo da Vinci supposedly said so. But when 12 (solve) problems, people tend to go the other way. Gabrielle Adams at the University of Virginia and her team asked people to complete tasks 13 solutions involved either adding or taking away parts. All of the tasks were designed so 14 reducing parts would be one of the most efficient options. In one, around 200 people had to alter a Lego building to support a weight in order to gain a $1 bonus. The roof of the building was balancing dangerously 15 just one support. A solution would be to add several bricks to better support the roof, which they were told 16 (cost) 10 cents each. Another way of strengthening the structure was to remove one brick. Only 41 percent chose to do this. In another task, around 300 people had to make a frame of 100 squares balanced by either adding or removing green blocks. When asked to take the test with no practice, only 49 percent of people chose to remove blocks. However, when they had been given three practice runs, this rose to 63 percent. During the research, the team also spoke to a newly 17 (appoint) leader who asked his staff for suggestions on 18 he could improve the day-to-day operation of the company. For every idea to remove a policy or rule, the leader received eight ideas 19 (add) one. Adams believes this tendency to add complexity 20 cause us to miss potentially superior options or designs. 【答案】 11．nothing 12．solving 13．whose 14．that 15．against 16．would cost 17．appointed 18．how 19．to add 20．may/can 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是研究表明，我们往往忽略了简单的解决方案。 11．考查不定代词。句意：当没有任何东西可以去除时，诗人知道完美。由perfection可知，句子表示“当没有任何东西可以去除时，诗人知道完美”，空格处意为“没有什么东西”，是nothing。故填nothing。 12．考查时态，主谓一致和省略。句意：但在解决问题时，人们往往会反其道而行之。根据语境可知，句子表示“当人们在解决问题时，人们往往会反其道而行之”，when引导的时间状语从句意为“当人们在解决问题时”，由tend可知，从句中时态用现在进行时，是when people are solving problems，从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，因此空格处是solving。故填solving。 13．考查定语从句。句意：弗吉尼亚大学的Gabrielle Adams和她的团队要求人们完成一些任务，这些任务的解决方案要么是增加部分，要么是减少部分。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，先行词tasks和solutions之间是所属关系，因此空格处用关系代词whose表所属，故填whose。 14．考查目的状语从句。句意：所有的任务都是这样设计的，减少零件将是最有效的选择之一。根据语境可知，句子表示“所有的任务都是这样设计的，以便减少零件将是最有效的选择之一”，“以便”是so that，引导目的状语从句，故填that。 15．考查介词。句意：那座建筑物的屋顶仅靠一个支撑物保持着危险的平衡。根据语境可知，句子表示“那座建筑物的屋顶仅靠一个支撑物保持着危险的平衡”，空格处意为“倚着”，用介词against。故填against。 16．考查时态。句意：一个解决方案是加几块砖来更好地支撑屋顶，他们被告知每块砖要花10美分。根据语境可知，句子表示“他们被告知每块砖要花10美分”，空格处表示“将要花费”，由was可知，时态用过去将来时，即would cost，故填would cost。 17．考查非谓语动词。句意：在研究过程中，研究小组还采访了一位新上任的领导，他向员工征求建议，建议他如何改善公司的日常运营。句中谓语是spoke，空格处用非谓语动词，leader和appoint之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词appointed表被动，作定语，故填appointed。 18．考查宾语从句。句意：在研究过程中，研究小组还采访了一位新上任的领导，他向员工征求建议，建议他如何改善公司的日常运营。空格处引导的是宾语从句，根据语境可知，句子表示“他向员工征求建议，建议他如何改善公司的日常运营”，空格处意为“如何”，用how，故填how。 19．考查不定式。句意：对于每一个删除一项政策或规定的想法，领导者会收到8个增加一项政策或规定的想法。空格处用不定式作idea的后置定语，故填to add。 20．考查情态动词。句意：Adams认为，这种增加复杂性的倾向可能会导致我们错过潜在的优秀选择或设计。空后的cause是原形，空格处用情态动词，句子表示“这种增加复杂性的倾向可能会导致我们错过潜在的优秀选择或设计”，空格处意为“可能”，情态动词用may/can。故填may/can。 03 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试卷 Earth is on Fire I’ve never known an earth that wasn’t on fire. I’m 23 years old, and my entire generation has come of age in a world so 21 (define) by climate change that it’s sometimes been hard to work out 22 an even worse future might look like. It has, that is, until the pandemic reared, its ugly bead. At first, things seemed hopeful. Struggling to adjust to the new normal of life in quarantine (隔离) in March and April, we were relieved to read that emissions levels had dipped, 23 only temporarily, and that the skies over New Delhi and Los Angeles and Buenos Aires had cleared of smog. I smiled, as we all did, to notice that animals wore reaming free through quiet, traffic-free cities. Nature seemed 24 (reclaim) spaces humans had abandoned. These story lines gave us belief, in the midst of so much present grief, 25 the planet’s resilience (恢复力). This “anthropause” was a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity for humans to understand our impact on wildlife. But only for a moment Pandemics like this happen and will keep happening 26 we humans have long invaded wild spaces, 27 (increase) the chances of disease from animals to people. South America’s Pantanal, the world’s largest tropical wetland, has burned like never before. And in the U.S., we’ve somehow become 28 (thoughtful) in our daily choices—accepting that extra plastic bag at the supermarket, ordering takeout despite all the single-use containers and, driving instead of taking public transportation—because, well, “it’s a global pandemic.” Take a walk outside, and you 29 (find) masks and latex gloves littering our streets and beaches and parks that will eventually fill rivers, lakes and seas. In today’s pandemic moment, nature’s story line has reached a low point. But I like to think that the anthropause still gives some hope 30 perhaps if we all live a little lighter, if we listen to those who are in harmony with the land and if we seek comfort in all that there is to love in the world, nature might meet us halfway. The planet and our fates hang in the balance. 【答案】 21．defined 22．what 23．even if 24．to be reclaiming 25．in 26．because 27．increasing 28．less thoughtful 29．will find 30．that 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了疫情给地球环境带来的暂时性的积极影响，但作者仍然对未来抱有希望。 21．考查非谓语动词。句意：我今年23岁，我们这一代人都是在一个由气候变化所决定的世界中长大的，以至于有时很难想象一个更糟糕的未来会是什么样子。分析句子结构可知define与逻辑主语world构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填defined。 22．考查宾语从句。句意：我今年23岁，我们这一代人都是在一个由气候变化所决定的世界中长大的，以至于有时很难想象一个更糟糕的未来会是什么样子。引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物应用what。故填what。 23．考查副词。句意：3月和4月，我们在努力适应隔离生活的新常态时，看到排放水平有所下降（尽管只是暂时的），新德里、洛杉矶和布宜诺斯艾利斯的天空已经没有了烟雾，我们松了一口气。此处作插入语，表示“即便只是暂时的”用固定搭配even if only temporarily。故填even if。 24．考查非谓语动词。句意：大自然似乎重新夺回了人类遗弃的空间。短语seem to do sth.表示“似乎……”，且此处表示正在发生，应用to be doing形式。故填to be reclaiming。 25．考查介词。句意：在当前如此多的悲伤中，这些故事情节让我们相信地球的复原力。短语belief in表示“相信”。故填in。 26．考查状语从句。句意：但像这样的流行病发生了，并将继续发生，因为我们人类长期入侵野生空间，增加了动物传染给人类的机会。引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”应用because。故填because。 27．考查非谓语动词。句意：但像这样的流行病发生了，并将继续发生，因为我们人类长期入侵野生空间，增加了动物传染给人类的机会。分析句子结构可知increase与上文句子构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填increasing。 28．考查形容词。句意：在美国，我们在日常选择中不知怎的变得没那么深思熟虑了——在超市接受多余的塑料袋，不顾所有的一次性容器而叫外卖，开车而不是乘坐公共交通工具——因为，嗯，“这是一种全球流行病。”作表语，且表示“没那么深思熟虑”应用形容词比较级，在前面加less。故填less thoughtful。 29．考查时态。句意：出去走走，你会发现我们的街道、海滩和公园里到处都是口罩和乳胶手套，它们最终会填满河流、湖泊和海洋。此处表示将来的动作，用一般将来时。故填will find。 30．考查同位语从句。句意：但我愿意认为，人类停滞仍然给了我们一些希望，也许如果我们都生活得轻松一点，如果我们听从那些与土地和谐相处的人，如果我们从世界上所有的爱中寻求安慰，大自然可能会与我们妥协。此处为同位语从句，说明hope的内容，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，故填that。 04 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市进才中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试卷 Uber Eats pilots reusable container scheme From today (Tuesday 18 April, 2023) Uber Eats customers in Central London will be given the option to order their takeaway in reusable containers and easily return them in an attempt 31 (address) single use packaging. 32 (Bring) together various businesses, the project will test and measure how localized doorstep at-home collections of reusable packaging can increase the adoption rate of a reuse system and improve convenience. The system has been developed to make 33 as easy and convenient as possible for people to take part. When placing their orders, Uber Eats customers can choose to receive their food in reusable packaging. Once they’ve enjoyed their meals, 34 they need to do is to scan a QR code, select a day for collection, give the containers a simple rinse and await collection. All collections are low or no emissions, 35 (make) by deliverymen using bikes, electric cars or vans. The trial will run for six months and will be managed by Again, which operates a network of packaging cleaning facilities 36 the reusable packaging will be cleaned and processed before being returned to the restaurants. Various promotions 37 (test) throughout the trial to measure opt-in rate and return rate. “This pilot aims to make reusable packing 38 (accessible) for customers and restaurants alike,” says Matthew Price, Uber Eats General Manager. “By integrating the reuse option 39 a delivery app used by many households and by offering doorstep collections, we hope to see a significant increase in the use of reusable takeaway packaging. The trial will help create 40 better understanding of what works and what doesn’t at a local level, and hopefully lead to wider roll out of this reuse system across more businesses and areas.” 【答案】 31．to address 32．Bringing 33．it 34．what 35．made 36．where 37．will be tested 38．accessible 39．with 40．a 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了优步外卖公司推出回收可重复使用包装的试点项目，旨在解决一次性包装问题，提高再利用系统的采用率，并增加方便性。 31．考查非谓语动词。句意：从今天(2023年4月18日星期二)开始，伦敦市中心的优步外卖客户将可以选择用可重复使用的容器订购外卖，并可以轻松退回容器，试图用这样的方式来解决一次性包装的问题。名词attempt后常用不定式作后置定语；in an attempt to do...“试图做某事”。故填to address。 32．考查非谓语动词。句意：该项目汇集了各种企业，将测试和衡量本地化的上门回收可重复使用的包装如何提高重复使用系统的采用率，并提高便利性。“(Bring) together various businesses”作伴随状语，bring是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语the project之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动；句首单词首字母大写。故填Bringing。 33．考查代词。句意：该系统的开发是为了使人们尽可能容易和方便地参与。分析句子可知，不定式to take part是句中真正的宾语，空格处用代词it作形式宾语。故填it。 34．考查主语从句。句意：一旦他们享用完食物，他们需要做的就是扫描二维码，选择收集的日期，简单地冲洗一下容器，然后等待收集。分析句子可知，“ they need to do”是主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“(需要做的)事情”，用连接代词what引导该主语从句。故填what。 35．考查非谓语动词。句意：所有的收集都是低排放或零排放，由送货员使用自行车、电动汽车或货车完成。“(make) by deliverymen using bikes, electric cars or vans.”作后置定语修饰名词collections，make是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语collections之间是被动关系，用过去分词made表被动。故填made。 36．考查定语从句。句意：该试验将持续6个月，由Again管理，该公司运营着一个包装清洁设施网络系统，可重复使用的包装将在此进行清洁和处理，然后再返回餐馆。分析句子可知，空格单词引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a network of packaging cleaning facilities，是模糊地点，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，表示“在这个包装清洁设施网络系统中”，应使用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 37．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在整个试用期间，将测试各种促销活动，以衡量选择率和回头率。分析句子可知，test(测试)是句中谓语动词，与主语promotions (促销活动)之间是被动关系，根据上文中The trial will run for six months可知，描述将要做的事情，应用一般将来时态。综上，谓语应用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be tested。 38．考查形容词。句意：该试点旨在为顾客和餐馆提供可重复使用的包装。提示词在句中作使役动词make后宾语reusable packing的补足语，用形容词accessible，意为“可使用的，易得到的”。故填accessible。 39．考查介词。句意：通过将可重复使用的选择与许多家庭使用的配送应用程序相结合，并提供上门收集服务，我们希望看到可重复使用的外卖包装的使用显著增加。integrate...with...是固定搭配，意为“把……与……结合在一起”。故填with。 40．考查冠词。句意：该试验将有助于更好地理解在本土层面上什么是有效的，什么是无效的，并有望在更多的企业和领域更广泛地推广这种重用系统。可数名词understanding在句中表示“一次(更好的)理解”，泛指，better发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 05 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages co herent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市曹杨二中2023-2024学年高二上学期期中试卷英语试题 You never forget your first whale. The impact it makes 41 you is huge and life is never quite the same again. The world seems to be having more and more whale lovers. Since its beginnings in the mid-50s, whale-watching 42 (grow) quickly and now more than 13 million people join 43 (organize) whale watching trips every year. The trouble is that a few hours of whale watching simply isn’t enough. You go out in the morning and, 44 lunchtime, you are planning your next trip; by teatime, you are planning the one after that. All your holidays center around whales: the only books you read are those about whales, you wear whale T-shirts, and 45 you meet your friends you talk about whales. So, what is it about these larger-than-life animals 46 makes them so special? Their size is one possible explanation. Imagine 47 (sit) in a small boat next to a blue whale almost as long as a Boeing 737; only a lump of rock could remain 48 (unmove) by an experience like that. They are great fun to watch, too. Humpback whales, for example, 49 leap into the air and land back in the water with a huge splash. Then there is the striking and deeply moving level of trust 50 many whales show towards people. It’s a truly humbling experience when an enormous whale comes alongside the boat and greets you like an old friend. 【答案】 41．upon/on 42．has grown 43．organized 44．by 45．when 46．that 47．sitting 48．unmoved 49．routinely 50．that/which 【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要讲述了为什么有越来越多的鲸鱼爱好者及观鲸的魅力。 41．考查介词。句意：它对你的影响是巨大的，生活再也不一样了。分析句子可知，空处应为介词，后接代词“you”作宾语；动词短语make an impact upon/on sb表示“对某人产生影响”，符合句意。故填upon/on。 42．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自50年代中期开始以来，观鲸活动发展迅速。分析句子可知，空处应为谓语动词；根据时间状语“Since its beginning in the mid-50s”可知，应用现在完成时，主语是“whale-watching”，故谓语动词应用单数形式。故填has grown。 43．考查非谓语动词。句意：现在每年有超过1300万人参加有组织的观鲸之旅。根据谓语动词“join”可知，空处应为非谓语动词，作定语修饰“whale watching trips”，并与其形成被动关系，表示“被组织的观鲸之旅”，故应用过去分词形式。故填organized。 44．考查介词。句意：你早上出门，到了午餐时间，你要计划下一次旅行；到下午茶的时候，你要计划再下一次。分析句子可知，空处应为介词，后接名词“lunchtime”；根据“by teatime”和句意可知，应用介词by，表示“到午餐时间”。故填by。 45．考查连词。句意：你所有的假期都围绕着鲸鱼: 你读的唯一一本关于鲸鱼的书，你穿着鲸鱼 T 恤，每当你遇到你的朋友，你就谈论鲸鱼。分析句子和句意可知，空处应为连词，引导状语从句，表示“每当”，故应用连词whenever。故填whenever。 46．考查强调句。句意：那么，是什么让这些具有传奇色彩的动物如此特别呢？分析句子可知，本句为强调句型(it be...that+句子其他的)的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+it +that+句中其他，强调内容为特殊疑问词。故填that。 47．考查非谓语动词。句意：想象一下，坐在一条小船上，旁边是一头几乎和波音737一样长的蓝鲸；根据谓语动词“Imagine”可知，空处应为非谓语动词；动词短语imagine doing sth表示“想象做某事”，符合句意。故填sitting。 48．考查非谓语动词。句意：只有一块石头才会对那样的经历无动于衷。根据谓语动词“remain”可知，空处应为非谓语动词，作表语，与“a lump of rock”之间为被动关系，表示“不被感动”，故应用过去分词形式。故填unmoved。 49．考查副词。句意：例如，座头鲸通常会跳到空中，然后溅起巨大的水花落在水里。分析句子可知，空处应为副词，修饰动词“leap”，作状语；根据句意和常识可知，routinely为副词，意为“惯例地、通常”，符合句意。故填routinely。 50．考查定语从句关系词。句意：其次，许多鲸鱼对人类表现出令人震惊和深深感动的信任程度。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“level of trust”，在从句中作宾语，故应用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。 06 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题 Notable Chinese beauty influencer Li Jiaqi was found in the vortex (漩涡) of severe online controversy after his livestreaming on Saturday evening where he made “inappropriate remarks” against a netizen 51 post pointed out the steep price of a home-made eyebrow pencil. He seemed to be upset about the comment and said the price of the product remain unchanged over the years. “The product is expensive? Sometimes people need to find the reasons why they 52 (not receive) a pay rise after working so many years. Have they worked hard enough?” he said. This has spurred heated engagement online, 53 (set) 13 trending topics on a prominent Chinese social media platform, Weibo. Some netizens felt Li has no right to judge the consumers and slash out on people’s spending power, saying “commenting on the financial abilities of consumers crosses a line”, 54 others identified with him, assuming that he was merely countering the comments that looked down on the value of domestic goods. In a subsequent livestream, Li made a heartfelt apology, attributing his success to his female fans and acknowledged his comments let 55 down. Moreover, he stated everyone has the right to voice their perspectives about products during live-streaming and 56 he must always provide his audience with positive energy and control his emotions. In the aftermath of this controversy, Li lost more than 848,000 fans on Weibo. Additionally, there may be impending implications for his collaboration with Huaxizi, the makeup brand 57 (involve) in the dispute. 58 media reports, the continuation of the partnership between the brand and Li depends on the event’s influence, the market’s reaction, and sales data. This incident underscores the pitfalls (隐患) within the rapidly growing field of live-stream commerce, including issues of price, quality control, and the interchange between influencers and consumers. 59 this digital commercial arena continues to expand, regulators and brands are increasingly addressing such transgressions and seeking ways 60 (better) the intersection of online product promotion and consumer interaction. 【答案】 51．whose 52．haven’t received 53．setting 54．while 55．them 56．that 57．involved 58．According to 59．As 60．to better 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了周六晚上，中国著名的美妆网红李佳琦在直播中对一名指出国产眉笔价格过高的网友发表了“不当言论”，随后被发现陷入了激烈的网络争议漩涡。 51．考查定语从句。句意：周六晚上，中国著名的美妆网红李佳琦在直播中对一名指出国产眉笔价格过高的网友发表了“不当言论”，随后被发现陷入了激烈的网络争议漩涡。此处为定语从句修饰先行词netizen，在从句作定语，应用whose。故填whose。 52．考查时态。句意：有时候人们需要找到为什么工作了这么多年却没有加薪的原因。根据后文so many years可知为现在完成时，此处为否定陈述句，主语为they，助动词用have。故填haven’t received。 53．考查非谓语动词。句意：这在网上引发了热议，在中国著名的社交媒体平台微博上产生了13个热门话题。分析句子结构可知set与逻辑主语This构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填setting。 54．考查连词。句意：一些网民认为李没有权利评判消费者，并削减人们的消费能力，称“评论消费者的经济能力越界了”，而另一些人则认同他，认为他只是在反击那些轻视国货价值的言论。此处表示前后的对比，应用连词while。故填while。 55．考查代词。句意：在随后的直播中，李做出了衷心的道歉，将他的成功归功于他的女粉丝，并承认他的言论让她们失望。此处指上文female fans应用代词them。故填them。 56．考查宾语从句。句意：此外，他表示，每个人都有权在直播过程中表达自己对产品的看法，他必须始终为观众提供正能量，控制自己的情绪。此处引导宾语从句，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，应用that引导。故填that。 57．考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，他与卷入纠纷的彩妆品牌花西子的合作可能也会受到影响。表示“卷入”短语为be involved in，此处为过去分词作定语。故填involved。 58．考查固定短语。句意：据媒体报道，品牌和李之间的合作关系的延续取决于活动的影响力，市场的反应和销售数据。表示“根据”，后跟名词作宾语，应用according to，首字母大写。故填According to。 59．考查状语从句。句意：随着这个数字商业舞台的不断扩大，监管机构和品牌越来越多地解决这些违规行为，并寻求更好地结合在线产品推广和消费者互动的方法。引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”应用as，首字母大写。故填As。 60．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着这个数字商业舞台的不断扩大，监管机构和品牌越来越多地解决这些违规行为，并寻求更好地结合在线产品推广和消费者互动的方法。名词way后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to better。 07 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市建平中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试卷 Indoor vs outdoor exercising: Which is more productive? People tend to lean heavily on the gym when it comes to exercise. The gym is just an easy concept: you go and the machines are right there. You get the workout done and you leave. But maybe that’s the problem. Is it better for your body, health and fitness goals to work out in the open air 61 conditions vary? It depends on so many factors, but the short answer is yes: Science says it is, in fact, better to exercise outdoors. Take running, for example. In a study 62 (look) at runners who covered the same distance on a treadmill (跑步机) and outdoors, the group that ran inside were said 63 (consume) less energy than the outside group. This is because of terrain changes and wind speed, which you don’t face in the controlled climate of gym. Your body 64 work harder, and thus you burn more calories. Another consideration that 65 (make) exercising outside tougher, specifically in warmer months, is temperature. In most gyms, the air conditioners are blowing during the open hours to keep a cool and comfortable environment, meaning you’re consuming less energy and sweating less than you would if you were doing the same activity in the great outdoors. In addition, a systematic study on the effects of physical activity outside in a natural environment versus indoors revealed the fact 66 among people doing the same activity, the outdoor exercises showed “greater feelings of refreshment and positive engagement; decreases in tension, confusion, anger and depression; and 67 (increase) energy” afterward. 68 many advantages, working outside has its limitations. From changeable weather to safety concerns, it’s not always 69 option. The bottom line? Switch up your workout and get outside as much as you can, but don’t bother about it if the gym is a 70 (practical) choice for you. Doing any workout is amazing for your body and health. 【答案】 61．where 62．looking 63．to have consumed 64．has to 65．makes 66．that 67．increased 68．Despite 69．an 70．more practical 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章针对室内锻炼以及室外锻炼哪种形式更有益于健康的问题，旗帜鲜明地提出了观点：室内锻炼更有益于健康。 61．考查定语从句。句意：在条件不同的户外锻炼对你的身体、健康和健身目标更好吗？分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为：the open air，因先行词在从句中作状语指地点，使用关系副词where引导定语从句，故填where。 62．考查非谓语动词。句意：在一项针对在跑步机上和户外跑同样距离的跑步者的研究中，据说在室内跑步的那一组比在室外跑步的那组消耗的能量更少。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语，因与其逻辑主语study之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词，故填looking。 63．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子结构，be said to do为固定短语，含义为“据说……”，因动词不定式表示的动作在主句谓语动词之前发生，使用动词不定式的完成式，故填to have consumed。 64．考查情态动词。句意：你的身体必须更加努力地工作，从而燃烧更多的卡路里。根据上文“This is because of terrain changes and wind speed, which you don’t face in the controlled climate of gym.(这是因为地形变化和风速，而在健身房的受控气候下，你不会面临这些变化。)”可知，在户外锻炼的时候，身体不得不要应对这些条件，可推理出空白处应填表示“不得不”含义的情态动词，又因主语为单数第三人称，谓语动词使用单数第三人称形式，故填has to。 65．考查时态。句意：另一个让户外锻炼更困难的因素是温度，尤其是在温暖的月份。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，空白处在定语从句中作谓语，因句子表示的是一个客观情况，从句谓语动词使用一般现在时，又因定语从句的主语that指的是先行词another consideration，为单数，从句谓语动词使用单数第三人称形式，故填makes。 66．考查同位语从句。句意：此外，一项关于自然环境下户外体育活动与室内体育活动效果的系统研究表明，在进行同样活动的人中，户外运动表现出“更大的提神和积极参与感；紧张、困惑、愤怒和抑郁情绪减轻；能量增加”。分析句子结构，这是一个包含同位语从句的复合句，先行词为：fact，因先行词在同位语从句中不做成分，使用连接代词that引导同位语从句，故填that。 67．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语energy之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，使用过去分词，故填increased。 68．考查介词。句意：尽管有很多优点，但在外锻炼也有其局限性。根据上文“many advantages(很多优点)”以及下文“working outside has its limitations(在外锻炼也有其局限性)”可知上下文之间为转折关系，空白处应填表示“尽管”含义的介词，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Despite。 69．考查冠词。句意：从多变的天气到安全问题，这并不总是一种选择。分析句子结构，因空白处后面有名词，根据冠词的用法，名词前需使用不定冠词表示“一个”含义，因空白处后面词的第一个发音音素为元音，故填an。 70．考查形容词的比较级。句意：改变你的锻炼方式，尽可能多地外出，但如果健身房对你来说是一个更实用的选择，就不要为此烦恼。根据上文“the gym(健身房)”可知此处是要把室内锻炼和室外锻炼进行比较，空白处应填形容词的比较级，故填more practical。 08 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市六校2023-2024学年高二上学期期中联合调研英语试题     A Good Samaritan (助人为乐者) Saves Bride’s Big Day In a heartwarming display of kindness and good fortune, a passerby came to the rescue of a bride whose wedding day nearly took an unexpected turn for the worse 71 her car broke down on the way to the church. Sharon Travers was on her way to the ceremony at Cults Parish Church in Aberdeen, Scotland, 72 (exchange) vows with her future husband, Martin Kelly. However, just when it seemed like the universe was going to be against her, a Good Samaritan emerged to ensure that 73 she expected in her dream wedding kept perfect. The car Triumph Stag 74 (invent) in the 1870s, in which Sharon was traveling, decided to play 75 own part in the wedding drama when it suddenly came to stop on the road. At that time, Sharon’s driver promptly stopped the first passing car 76 turned out to be driven by Alan Knowles, a name that would soon be remembered in the bride’s memory 77 her rescuer. Without hesitation, Alan agreed to drive the distressed bride-to-be to the church. Following the successful rescue mission, Sharon 78 hardly restrain her gratitude. She hugged her newfound hero, 79 (thank) him deeply. However, on mood swings at that moment, she forgot to inquire about his name. Thanks to the power of social media and a community-driven appeal, the anonymous (匿名的) Good Samaritan 80 (identify) successfully. “I’m glad the bride managed to get to the church on time,” Alan said. “I just really want to say thank you,” Sharon responded. “I’m now laughing about it, but I certainly wasn’t at the time. I’m so grateful. It was such a fantastic moment.” 【答案】 71．when 72．to exchange 73．what 74．invented 75．its 76．that 77．as 78．could 79．thanking 80．was identified 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了新娘Sharon Travers的车在前往婚礼教堂的路上坏了，婚礼差点出现意外，路过的好心人Alan Knowles伸出援手，帮助她顺利到达教堂。 71．考查时间状语从句。句意：一名新娘的车在去教堂的路上坏了，她的婚礼差点出了意外，这时一位路人伸出援手，展现了暖心的善良和好运。空前和空后都是完整的句子，前后两个行为相继发生，可推知此处表示“当……时”，且broke down为短暂性动词，应用when引导时间状语从句。故填when。 72．考查非谓语动词。句意：Sharon Travers当时正前往苏格兰阿伯丁的Cults教区教堂参加婚礼，与她未来的丈夫Martin Kelly交换誓言。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处作目的状语，表示“为了”，应用exchange的不定式形式。故填to exchange。 73．考查主语从句。句意：然而，就在整个宇宙似乎都要和她作对的时候，一个好心人出现了，以确保她在梦想婚礼中所期望的一切保持完美。分析句子可知，空处引导名词性从句作that引导的宾语从句的主语，主语从句中expected缺少宾语，且该宾语指物，应用连接代词what作引导词。故填what。 74．考查非谓语动词。句意：Sharon乘坐的是19世纪70年代发明的凯旋雄鹿汽车，它决定在婚礼戏剧中扮演自己的角色，突然在路上停下了。分析句子可知，空处是非谓语动词，作Triumph Stag的后置定语，invent“发明”和Triumph Stag逻辑上是被动关系，且动作当时已完成，应用invent的过去分词形式。故填invented。 75．考查代词。句意：Sharon乘坐的是19世纪70年代发明的凯旋雄鹿汽车，它决定在婚礼戏剧中扮演自己的角色，突然在路上停下了。根据“play”和“own part”可推知，此处用固定短语play one’s own part，且这里指的是The car Triumph Stag，应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 76．考查定语从句。句意：当时，Sharon的司机迅速拦住了第一辆经过的车，结果发现是Alan Knowles开的车，这个名字很快就被新娘记作她的救命恩人。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词car，先行词指物，被first修饰，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that作引导词。故填that。 77．考查介词。句意：Sharon的司机迅速拦住了第一辆经过的车，结果发现是Alan Knowles开的车，这个名字很快就被新娘记作她的救命恩人。根据“be remembered”和“her rescuer”可推知，此处用固定短语be remembered as“被铭记为”，空处应用介词as。故填as。 78．考查情态动词。句意：营救任务成功后，Sharon难以抑制自己的感激之情。分析句子可知，句子已有动词restrain，且用的是原形，可推知空处应该是情态动词，结合“hardly restrain her gratitude”可推知，此处表示Sharon很难抑制感激之情，表示能力，且描述的是过去的行为，应用情态动词could。故填could。 79．考查非谓语动词。句意：她拥抱了她的新英雄，深深地感谢他。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处的行为和谓语行为同时发生，空处作句子的伴随状语，应用thank的现在分词形式。故填thanking。 80．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：多亏了社交媒体的力量和社区发起的呼吁，匿名的好心人被成功确认了身份。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，identify“确认”和主语the anonymous Good Samaritan之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是单数名词，be动词应用was。故填was identified。 09 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市育才中学2023学年高二上学期期中英语试卷 The 17-year-old making films fun for deaf children For eight-year-old Toby, who is deaf, watching films or TV can sometimes be a bit pointless, because so many of them don’t have sign language versions. “We have subtitles (字幕) but it goes too fast,” his dad Jarod Mills said. But now, Toby has some help thanks to an app 81 (develop) by a 17-year-old student, Mariella Satow, who created a signing app called SignUp. She got the idea when she 82 (teach) herself American Sign Language (ASL) — one of hundreds of sign languages used across the world. Manella wanted to watch TV shows to help her learn, and she was disappointed 83 (discover) how few had signed versions. It’s taken a year for Mariella to develop the technology, with lots of help from ASL teachers and the deaf community. The app is available in the US as a browser extension—with an interpreter appearing in a box 84 the film starts playing. It only works on Disney Plus films at the moment, because that’s 85 Mariella thought she could help the most children. Jarod, 86 works at a school for deaf children, says it was “exciting” watching Toby use Mariella’s invention. He says, “Kids are getting information like any hearing child does.” Deaf people in the UK face many of the same barriers when it comes to cinema and TV. “A hearing person 87 go to the cinema any time whereas deaf people have to make sure there’s a suitable viewing a time we’re free,” says 27-year-old Stacey Worboys from Cardiff. She has learned British Sign Language(BSL), and is comfortable using subtitles when watching TV shows and films. But she feels having an interpreter would make things 88 (inclusive), especially for someone who might struggle with subtitles. Stacey and Toby aren’t the only people to be welcoming Mariella’s app. It’s now got thousands of users, and she’s working long days to balance it with her A-level studies. The time difference from New York to her school in Rugby, Warwickshire, means she sets her alarm for 5am. She admits it’s “a bit tough” – but the silver lining is it gives her time to work on SignUp once lessons are over. The positive reaction from teachers and parents has kept Mariella 89 (motivate) to face the early starts.” The most meaningful comments are when it’s the first time a child 90 (have) full access to a movie. The numbers don’t really matter. Instead, it’s the messages,” she says. 【答案】 81．developed 82．was teaching 83．to discover 84．once 85．where 86．who 87．can 88．more inclusive 89．motivated 90．has had 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。17岁的学生Mariella Satow开发了一款名为“Signup”的手语应用程序，方便失聪人群看电影。 81．考查非谓语。句意：但是现在，托比得到了一些帮助，这要感谢17岁的学生玛丽拉·萨托开发的一款应用程序，她创建了一款名为“SignUp”的签名应用程序。分析句子可知，空处为非谓语动词，app与develop为被动关系，用过去分词。故填developed。 82．考查时态。句意：她在自学美国手语(ASL)时产生了这个想法，ASL是世界上使用的数百种手语之一。根据句意可知，表示过去一直在做的事情，为过去进行时。故填was teaching。 83．考查动词不定式。句意：曼内拉想看电视节目来帮助她学习，但是她失望地发现很少用手语。be disappointed to do sth。故填to discover。 84．考查连词。句意：这款应用在美国以浏览器扩展的形式提供，一旦电影开始播放，就会出现一个翻译框。空处填连词，表示“一旦”，用once引导时间状语从句。故填once。 85．考查连接副词。句意：目前它只适用于迪士尼Plus电影，因为玛丽拉认为这是她可以帮助最多孩子的地方。空处引导表语从句，表示地点用连接副词where。故填where。 86．考查关系词。句意：Jarod在一所聋哑儿童学校工作，他说看着Toby使用Mariella的发明是“令人兴奋的”。先行词Jarod，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，关系代词who。故填who。 87．考查情态动词。句意：一个听力正常的人可以在任何时候去电影院，而聋哑人必须确保在我们有空的时候有合适的观看时间。表示能，用情态动词can。故填can。 88．考查形容词。句意：但她觉得有一名翻译会让事情变得更包容，尤其是对那些看不懂字幕的人来说。根据句意可知，表示更包容，用形容词比较级more inclusive作宾语补足语。故填more inclusive。 89．考查非谓语。句意：老师和家长的积极反应让玛丽拉有动力去面对提前开始。空处作非谓语，Mariella与motivate在逻辑上是被动关系，用过去分词。 故填motivated。 90．考查时态。句意：最有意义的评论是当孩子第一次完全接触到一部电影时。本句为固定句型，it is+the+序数词+（that）+现在完成时，主语为单数，谓语为单数。故填has had。 10 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages co herent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市奉贤区四校联考2023-2024学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题 Young people around the world have volunteered 91 (help) others in need using their time, energy, knowledge, and skills. For example, Joris, a 10-year-old boy in Seattle, has helped to protect cheetahs 92 the threat of extinction by raising more than $14,000. 93 (donate) all the money he has raised, he makes his own contributions to wildlife conservation. In the last two years, Jack, together with his 14-year-old twin brother, 94 (launch) a database to connect children with volunteer opportunities such as working for animal shelters and urban farming groups. 95 boy, Jackson, is determined to fight against plastic pollution. A campaign 96 (lead) by him to promote the use of recyclable water bottles plays a part in local environmental protection. He also urges the local restaurant to sell more paper water bottles. Xiao Meng, a 20-year-old volunteer tour guide in the Palace Museum, spent three months hanging around the Forbidden City 97 she could remember every detail of the Palace Museum, 98 sounds absolutely incredible. There is no denying that we should show respect for 99 these young volunteers have done for our world. By doing these meaningful volunteering, young people 100 successfully avoid getting annoyed at small things in life and focus on what is truly important. 【答案】 91．to help 92．from/against 93．Donating/Having donated 94．has launched 95．Another 96．led 97．before/until 98．which 99．what 100．can 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述世界各地的年轻人都自愿利用自己的时间、精力、知识和技能帮助其他需要帮助的人。 91．考查非谓语动词。句意：世界各地的年轻人都自愿利用自己的时间、精力、知识和技能帮助其他需要帮助的人。分析句子可知，这里考查volunteer to do sth表“自愿做某事”，为固定搭配。故填to help。 92．考查介词。句意：例如，西雅图的一名10岁男孩Joris筹集了14000多美元，帮助保护猎豹免受灭绝的威胁。分析句子可知，这里考查protect...from/against，表“保护……免受……侵害”，为固定搭配。故填from或against。 93．考查非谓语动词。句意：他把筹集到的所有资金都捐出去，为野生动物保护做出自己的贡献。分析句子可知，这里考查非谓语，he和donate为主动关系，再由语意可知，此空可填现在分词或者现在分词完成时态，作状语，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Donating或Having donated。 94．考查动词时态。句意：杰克和他14岁的双胞胎兄弟建立了一个数据库，将儿童与志愿者机会联系起来，比如为动物收容所和城市农业组织工作。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，Jack和launch为主动关系，且由In the last two years可知，这里时态应用现在完成时。故填has launched。 95．考查代词。句意：另一个男孩杰克逊决心与塑料污染作斗争。由上文“Joris, a 10-year-old boy in Seattle”以及语境可知，这里讲“另一个”男孩的故事，所以应用不定代词another，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Another。 96．考查非谓语动词。句意：他领导的一场推广使用可回收水瓶的运动在当地环境保护方面发挥了作用。分析句子可知，这里考查非谓语，A campaign和lead为被动关系，再由句意可知，这里应用过去分词作定语，修饰前面名词A campaign。故填led。 97．考查时间状语从句。句意：20岁的小孟是故宫博物院的一名志愿导游，她花了三个月的时间在紫禁城里闲逛，才记住故宫的每一个细节，这听起来绝对令人难以置信。分析句子及句意可知，这里考查时间状语从句，此空可填before或者until。故填before或until。 98．考查定语从句。句意：20岁的小孟是故宫博物院的一名志愿导游，她花了三个月的时间在紫禁城里闲逛，才记住故宫的每一个细节，这听起来绝对令人难以置信。分析句子可知，这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 99．考查宾语从句。句意：不可否认，我们应该尊重这些年轻志愿者为我们的世界所做的一切。分析句子可知，这里考查宾语从句，从句中缺宾语，且指代事，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。 100．考查情态动词。句意：通过做这些有意义的志愿服务，年轻人可以成功地避免对生活中的小事感到恼火，并专注于真正重要的事情。分析句子可知，此空应填情态动词，can表“可以”，符合句意。故填can。 11 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中英语试卷 A good night’s sleep is more important to your health than you may realize. Megan Jones knew she was tired. Though it had been more than 24 hours since the 25-year-old Vancouverite returned from New Zealand. She 101 (still recover) from jet lag. Jones had left New Zealand on Thursday at 7a.m., and after a 17-hour flight she arrived in Vancouver at 7:25—Thursday morning. She forced herself to stay awake all day, hoping to force her body into sleeping through the night. But getting the sleep she needed 102 (not prove) easy, even though she hadn’t slept in nearly 36 hours. “I barely slept that night,” Jones says. The time change 103 (disrupt) her sleep pattern, and she wasn’t rested when she woke at her usual 8 a.m. Jones wasn’t aware just how tired she was until two hours later 104 she set off or the grocery store—driving into the lane of oncoming traffic. “Suddenly I knew 105 wasn’t right,” she says. “I wasn’t in New Zealand anymore. I was in Canada—driving on the wrong side of the road.” Luckily she was able to pull back into the right lane without incident. “There’s no question 106 not getting enough sleep can lead to difficulty in concentrating, says Dr. Jeffery Lipsitz, medical director for the Sleep Disorders Center of Metropolitan Toronto. Studies have suggested that getting a good night’s sleep means waking up 107 (rest). On average, a healthy adult requires just over eight hours of sleep a night, according to Lipsitz. However, the amount of sleep it takes to achieve rejuvenation varies from person to person. “It’s not a fixed number,” says Joseph DeKoninck, professor of psychology at the University of Ottawa, adding that 108 you consistently get less than you need, “a sleep deficit accumulates.” According to studies from Wright State University in Dayton, Ohio, at least one third of adults have significant sleep loss. A recent AC Nielson Poll shows that 19%of American adults get six hours or less a night. Why are we so sleep deprived? “We’re so busy that we often don’t allow enough time for sleep,” says Dr. S.R. Dong of the Westcoast Sleep and Breathing Centre in Burnaby, B．C．, who believes lifestyle is the main factor contributing to lack of sleep. According to 109 (recent) General Social Survey done by Statistics Canada, 47%of Canadians 110 cut back on sleep in order to add time to their days. Whether it’s rushing to get the housework done once the kids have gone to bed, attending a social function or working late, we’re sleeping less than we should. The same survey reveals that 40% of Canadians report trouble sleeping when they’re severely pressed for time. 【答案】 101．was still recovering 102．didn’t prove 103．had disrupted 104．when 105．something 106．that 107．rested 108．if 109．the most recent 110．will 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了好的睡眠对于健康的重要性。 101．考查时态。句意：她仍在从时差中恢复过来。本文整体的行文特点是采用了一般过去时，且在此处表示“正在恢复”的含义，应用过去进行时，由于主语是she，故填was still recovering。 102．考查时态。句意：但事实证明，获得她需要的睡眠并不容易，即使她已经将近36小时没有睡觉了。本文整体的行为特点是采用了一般过去式，且根本句的needed和hadn’t sleep可知，应用过去进行时，prove是实义动词，应用didn’t来帮助构成否定，故填didn’t prove。 103．考查时态。句意：时间的变化打乱了她的睡眠模式，当她像往常早上8点醒来时，她没有休息好。本文整体的行文特点是采用了一般过去时，此处填的是本句的谓语动词，但是发生在从句醒来之前，所以应是“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时，故填had disrupted。 104．考查定语从句。句意：琼斯直到两个小时后才意识到她有多累，当她出发或杂货店 -—开车进入迎面而来的车道时。分析句子结构可知，此处是一个定语从句，先行词为表示时间的“two hours later”，且在从句中作为状语，故填when。 105．考查代词。句意：“突然间，我知道有些不对劲，”她说。分析句子结构可知，此处是一个省略that的宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，可以用代词，且此处缺少“某些事儿，一些事儿”之意，故填something。 106．考查同位语从句。句意：“毫无疑问，睡眠不足会导致注意力不集中，”多伦多大都会睡眠障碍中心的医学主任Jeffery Lipsitz博士说。横线往后的内容是对于question内容的解释说明，横线处所填的连接词，在从句中不充当任何的成分，只起连接的作用，故填that。 107．考查非谓语动词。句意：研究表明，晚上睡个好觉意味着醒来时休息好。此处应用非谓语动词作为定语修饰名词短语weaking up，且表示“休息好的”，故填rested。 108．考查状语从句。句意：“这不是一个固定的数字，”渥太华大学(University of Ottawa)心理学教授约瑟夫·德科宁克(Joseph DeKoninck)说。他补充说，如果你总是睡得比你需要的少，“睡眠不足就会累积起来。”分析句子结构可，此句子是一个条件状语从句，前一句you consistently get sleep than you need是后一句的条件，故填if。 109．考查形容词。句意：根据加拿大统计局最近进行的综合社会调查，47%的加拿大人会减少睡眠时间，以增加他们的日常时间。分析句子结构可知，此处是形容词作为定语修饰名词General Social Study，且表示“最新的”，应用最高级，故填the most recent。 110．考查时态。句意：根据加拿大统计局最近进行的综合社会调查，47%的加拿大人会减少睡眠时间，以增加他们的日常时间。根据句意可知，此句子应该用一般将来时，此处缺少表示“将要”含义单词，可用 will与cut构成一般将来时，故填will。 12 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市控江中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题 Green efforts produce promising results along upper reaches of Yangtze River Every late autumn, groups of black-headed gulls (海鸥) arrive “as 111 (schedule)” in Luzhou city on the upper reaches (上游) of the Yangtze River. 112 (circle) over the water, the oceanic birds always attract a crowd of bind watchers. Besides Luzhou, the migratory birds are also frequent visitors to Sichuan’s Deyang, Neijiang and other cities 113 the Tuojiang River flows. Local enthusiasts have all set up bird-watching and bird-love associations. The black-headed gull, a rare bird species 114 white feathers and red beak and claws, is regarded as the “barometer” (风向标) of the ecological environment in watersheds (流域). The spotting of these black-headed birds reflects the promising results produced by Sichuan’s green efforts in recent years. Among Sichuan’s many water systems, the Tuojiang River shares a vital position, 115 because it is an essential tributary (支流) of the Yangtze River, but also due to the fact 116 the 25,500 square kilometers it flows through cover the most concentrated, densely populated and economically powerful areas in the province. Since the 1990s, the continuous acceleration of industrialization and urbanization exerted huge environmental burdens on the Tuojiang River, making it once 117 (polluted) river in Sichuan. Consequently, a campaign to treat water pollution 118 (launch) in 2018. After years of efforts, the water quality of the Tuojiang River flowing into the estuary (河口) of the Yangtze River has now reached its best level in 20 years. Chengdu, the provincial capital, has embraced more blue skies in recent years 119 the promotion of air pollution prevention and control work. According to the Chengdu Mountain View Data Report released annually by a large group of photography enthusiasts, the number of days 120 people were able to see snow mountains from downtown Chengdu increased from 50 days in 2017 to 63 days in 2021. 【答案】 111．scheduled 112．Circling 113．where 114．with 115．not only 116．that 117．the most polluted 118．was launched 119．due to/owing to/because of 120．when 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了长江上游绿色建设成效显著，以每年深秋，成群的黑头鸥“按时”抵达长江上游的泸州市为例子，说明污水治理取得了良好进展。 111．考查固定短语。句意：每年深秋，成群的黑头鸥“按时”抵达长江上游的泸州市。短语as scheduled表示“按时”。故填scheduled。 112．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些海鸟在水面上盘旋时，总能吸引一群观鸟人。分析句子结构可知circle与逻辑主语the oceanic birds构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Circling。 113．考查定语从句。句意：除了泸州，这些候鸟也经常到四川的德阳、内江和其他沱江流经的城市。定语从句修饰先行词cities，从句缺少地点状语。故填where。 114．考查介词。句意：黑头鸥是一种羽毛白色、嘴爪红色的珍稀鸟类，被视为流域生态环境的“晴雨表”。后跟名词作宾语，表示“带有”应用介词with。故填with。 115．考查固定搭配。句意：在四川的众多水系中，沱江占有至关重要的地位，不仅因为它是长江的重要支流，还因为它流经的25500平方公里覆盖了四川省最集中、人口最密集和经济实力最强的地区。not only…but also…表示“不仅……而且……”。故填not only。 116．考查同位语从句。句意：在四川的众多水系中，沱江占有至关重要的地位，不仅因为它是长江的重要支流，还因为它流经的25500平方公里覆盖了四川省最集中、人口最密集和经济实力最强的地区。说明fact的内容，引导同位语从句，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，故用that引导。故填that。 117．考查形容词最高级。句意：20世纪90年代以来，工业化和城市化的持续加速给沱江带来了巨大的环境负担，沱江一度成为四川污染最严重的河流。修饰名词river，结合句意表示“污染最严重的”应用形容词最高级the most polluted。故填the most polluted。 118．考查时态语态。句意：因此，2018年启动了治理水污染的行动。主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合后文in 2018可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，故填was launched。 119．考查固定短语。句意：由于大气污染防治工作的推进，四川省会成都近年来迎来了更多的蓝天。结合句意表示“由于”短语为due to/ owing to/ because of。故填due to/ owing to/ because of。 120．考查定语从句。句意：根据一大批摄影爱好者每年发布的《成都山景数据报告》，人们从成都市中心看到雪山的天数从2017年的50天增加到2021年的63天。定语从句修饰先行词days，从句缺少时间状语，故用when。故填when。 13 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市复兴高级中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题 Are People Unique? A considerable number of people consider other species on earth are somehow inferior to us. Throughout the history, it has always been human beings’ pride 121 we are the only species on the Planet that can speak and think. However, recent research casts doubt on that common belief. Zuberbuhler, a psychologist at St. Andrews University, and his colleagues recorded thousands of calls made by Diana’s monkeys and noticed that the monkeys adapted their calls to change the meaning 122 (warn) one another about different situations. For example, they made a krack alarm call at the sight of tiger. However, when they merely repeated calls made by other monkeys they added an “oo”. The researchers found that the same calls 123 (recognize) by other species, like Campbell’s monkeys.“So they are communicating across species. And since then we have found that hornbill birds can understand these calls and they too can understand all the different meanings.” said Zuberbuhler. 124 is also surprising is that signs of intelligence have been found in birds, 125 small brains were long assumed to be a complete barrier to intelligence. However, all that is changing fast. A few years ago Irene Pepperberg of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology taught a parrot to recognize and count up to six objects, 126 couldn’t have been achieved if birds were unable to memorize things. Last year, that was topped by Alex Kacelnik, a professor of behavioral ecology at Oxford, who discovered that crows (G49) are capable of using tools on complex orders. This was the first time that such behaviour 127 (observe) in non-humans. In an experiment seven crows successfully grabbed a piece of food 128 (place) out of reach using three different lengths of stick. Crucially, they were able to complete the task without any special training, 129 (suggest) the birds were capable of a level of abstract reasoning normally associated only with humans. All this is powerful evidence 130 the idea that people are unique. 【答案】 121．that 122．to warn 123．would be recognized/were recognized 124．What 125．whose 126．which 127．had been observed 128．placed 129．suggesting 130．against 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是通过对猴子，老虎及鸟类的研究，研究人员提出了对“我们是地球上唯一会说话和思考的物种”的观点的质疑。 121．考查主语从句。句意：纵观历史，我们是地球上唯一会说话和思考的物种，这一直是人类的骄傲。分析句子可知，句中it是形式主语，空处引导主语从句，从句成分和意义都完整，应用that引导从句。故填that。 122．考查非谓语。句意：圣安德鲁斯大学心理学家祖伯布勒（Zuberbuhler）和他的同事们记录了Diana的猴子发出的数千个叫声，并注意到猴子会调整它们的叫声，以改变其含义，从而警告对方不同的情况。分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语，再根据句意可知，应填不定式作目的状语。故填to warn。 123．考查时态语态。句意：研究人员发现，类似的叫声会被其他物种识别，比如Campbell猴。分析句子可知，此空应填谓语动词，且the same calls和recognize为被动关系，主句为一般过去时，从句可用一般过去时，表示陈述过去的事实，也可用过去将来时，表示站在过去看将来。故填would be recognized/were recognized。 124．考查主语从句。句意：同样令人惊讶的是，在鸟类身上发现了智力的迹象，长期以来，人们认为鸟类的小大脑是智力的完全障碍。分析句子可知，这里考查主语从句，且从句中缺主语，指物，应用连接代词what引导从句。故填What。 125．考查定语从句。句意：同样令人惊讶的是，在鸟类身上发现了智力的迹象，长期以来，人们认为鸟类的小大脑是智力的完全障碍。分析句子可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词为birds，在从句中作定语修饰small brains，应用关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。 126．考查定语从句。句意：几年前，麻省理工学院的艾琳·佩珀伯格（Irene Pepperberg）教一只鹦鹉识别并数到六个物体，如果鸟类不能记住东西，这是不可能实现的。分析句子可知，这里考查非限制性定语从句，从句中缺主语，先行词为上文整个句子的内容，故用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 127．考查时态语态。句意：这是首次在非人类身上观察到这种行为。本句考查It was the first time that ... had done sth表“这是……第一次做某事”，为固定句型，且主语such behaviour 和observe是被动关系。故填had been observed。 128．考查非谓语。句意：在一项实验中，七只乌鸦成功地用三种不同长度的棍子抓住了一块放在够不到的地方的食物。分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语，且 a piece of food和place为被动关系，再根据句意可知，这里应用过去分词作后置定语成分。故填placed。 129．考查非谓语。句意：至关重要的是，它们能够在没有任何特殊训练的情况下完成这项任务，这表明鸟类能够进行通常只与人类相关的抽象推理。分析句子可知，这里应填非谓语，且前面这件事和suggest(表明)为主动关系，再根据句意可知，这里应填现在分词作状语。故填suggesting。 130．考查介词。句意：所有这些都是有力的证据，反对人是独一无二的这种观点。分析句子可知，此空应填介词，再根据句意可知，应填against，表“与……相反；反对”。故填against。 14 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市控江中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷 Are Summering and Medaling Annoying? While many of us in the northern hemisphere may have been away somewhere nice recently, not many of us would say that we’ve ‘summered’. “Summer” is clearly a noun, or 131 (precisely), a “verbified” noun. Way back in our childhood, we all learned the differences between a noun (person, place or thing) and a verb (action word). 132 such a tidy definition, it was easy to spot the difference. Not so in adulthood, where we are expected to “foot” bills, “chair” committees, and “dialogue” with political opponents. Chances are you don’t feel uncomfortable at the sight of those 133 (verb) nouns. “The verbing of nouns is as old the English language,” says Patricia O’ Conner, a former editor at the The New York Times Book Review. Experts estimate that 20 percent of all English verbs were originally nouns. And the phenomenon seems 134 (snowball). Since 1900, about 40 percent of all new verbs have come from nouns. 135 conversion (转化) is quite universal, plenty of grammarians object to the practice, William Strunk Jr. and E. B．White, in The Elements of Style — the Bible for the use of American English — have this to say: “Many nouns lately 136 (press) into service as verbs. Not all are bad, but all are suspect.” The Chicago Manual of Style takes a similar standpoint, 137 (advise) writers to use verbs in this way cautiously, if at all. So are there any rules fro verbing? Benjamin Dreyer, copy chief at Random House, doesn’t offer a rule, but suggests that people thin twice about “verbifying” a noun if it’s easily replaceable by 138 already existing popular verb. Make sure it is descriptive but not silly sounding, he says. In the end, however, style is subjective. If I invite you to “Facebook me”, you’ll know exactly   139 I mean. I suppose I could ask you to contact me on Facebook or to connect with me on Facebook, but why bother? “Facebook me” is easy to say. Easy conversion of nouns to verbs has been part of English grammar for centuries; it is one of the processes 140 make English “English”. Not every coinage passes into general use, but as for trying to end verbing together, forget it. 【答案】 131．more precisely 132．With 133．verbed 134．to be snowballing 135．Even if 136．have been pressed 137．advising 138．an 139．what 140．that 【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文的陈述对象是动词化名词。讲述了动词化名词的产生和一些人士对于动词化名词的看法和讨论。 131．考查比较级。句意：“Summer”显然是一个名词，或者更准确地说，是一个“修饰过的”名词。此处表示“更准确地说”，需用副词比较级修饰整个句子。故填more precisely。 132．考查介词。句意：有了这样一个整洁的定义，很容易发现其中的区别。表示“具有”应用介词with，位于句首，首字母应该大写。故填With。 133．考查非谓语动词。句意：看到这些动名词时，你可能不会感到不舒服。空处需填非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词nouns，二者为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填verbed。 134．考查非谓语动词。句意：这种现象似乎像滚雪球一样越滚越大。seem to do sth.为固定用法，意为“似乎做某事”，表示snowball这个动作一直在进行，需用动词不定式的进行式。故填to be snowballing。 135．考查让步状语从句。句意：即使转换是相当普遍的，许多语法学家反对这种做法。上下文形成转折关系，需用连词even if引导让步状语从句。故填Even if。 136．考查动词时态语态。句意：小威廉·斯特伦克(William Strunk Jr.)和E·B·怀特(E. B. White)在《风格的要素》(the Elements of Style)——美国英语使用的圣经——中说:“近来，许多名词被强行用作动词。”根据“lately”可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语“Many nouns”和“press”为被动关系，使用被动语态，主语为复数名词，助动词用have。故填have been pressed。 137．考查非谓语动词。句意：《芝加哥文体手册》(Chicago Manual of Style)也持类似的观点，建议作者谨慎使用动词。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语The Chicago Manual of Style和advise为主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填advising。 138．考查冠词。句意：兰登书屋(Random House)的文案主管本杰明·德雷尔(Benjamin Dreyer)并没有给出一条规则，但他建议，如果一个名词很容易被现有的流行动词取代，那么人们在“逐字背诵”这个名词时应该慎重考虑。verb为可数名词，此处表示泛指，需用不定冠词修饰，already发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 139．考查宾语从句。句意：如果我邀请你“Facebook”我，你就会明白我的意思。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，需用连接代词what引导，指代“我的意思”。故填what。 140．考查强调句。句意：几个世纪以来，名词容易转换为动词一直是英语语法的一部分；这是使英语成为“英语”的过程之一。强调句的基本句型是：it is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分，此处对主语one of the processes进行强调，应用that。故填that。 15 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages co herent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 【来源】上海市洋泾中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷 A police training academy in Liaoning province is looking for permanent homes for over 50 canines (警犬) that failed the exam to join the official canine team. The 54 dogs, most of 141 did not qualify to work with the police team, will be auctioned (拍卖) on July 7. The animals were considered unfit for the force 142 not meeting the police’s strict size, strength, personality, or age requirements. According to the auction’s rules, the starting bid for each dog is 200 yuan but participants 143 first watch a video about their favoured animal before being able to bid (出价) . They are also required to take them home the same day and sign a written commitment 144 (state) that they will follow the local regulations and will not resell the dogs or transfer ownership. “The owner must treat the adopted dog kindly and feed and manage it properly 145 its natural death, and shoulder full responsibility 146 they fail to fulfill this promise,” the announcement reads. On its website, details of the animals 147 (download) over 60, 000 times, while the web page has attracted over 150, 000 views. Following the attention 148 (draw) online, a police officer reminds people 149 (follow) local guidelines on raising these breeds. He says some cities do not allow people to keep large-sized dogs, while 150 require dogs to be micro chipped for “civilized dog-raising”. In short, do not be hot-headed. Think carefully before you bid. 【答案】 141．which 142．for 143．must 144．stating 145．until/till 146．if 147．have been downloaded 148．drawn 149．to follow 150．others 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了辽宁省一所警察培训学院正在为50多只没能通过考试加入官方警犬队的警犬寻找永久的家的事情。 141．考查定语从句。句意： 这54只警犬将于7月7日被拍卖，其中大部分没有资格与警方一起工作。分析可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为dogs，应用most of+关系代词which引导从句，这部分在从句中作主语。故填which。 142．考查介词。句意：这些动物被认为不适合警察部门，因为它们不符合警察严格的体型、力量、性格或年龄要求。根据句意可知，此处应用介词for加否定的动名词短语，构成介词短语，表示“原因”。故填for。 143．考查情态动词。句意：根据拍卖规则，每只狗的起拍价为200元，但参与者必须先观看他们喜欢的动物的视频，然后才能竞标。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处应用情态动词must和动词原形一起构成复合谓语，表示“必须做某事”。故填must。 144．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们还被要求当天把狗带回家，并签署一份书面承诺，声明他们将遵守当地的规定，不会转售狗或转让狗的所有权。此处为非谓语，动词state和名词commitment之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词作后置定语。故填stating。 145．考查介词。句意：主人必须善待被收养的狗，妥善喂养和管理，直到它自然死亡，如果他们没有履行这一承诺，他们应承担全部责任。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处应用介词until或till和后文名词构成介词短语，表示“直到……为止”。故填until/till。 146．考查连词。句意：同上。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处应用连词if引导条件状语从句，表示“如果没有履行这一承诺，应承担全部责任”。故填if。 147．考查时态和语态。句意：在其网站上，这些动物的详细信息已被下载超过6万次，而其网页也吸引了超过15万的浏览量。动词download和主语之间是被动关系，根据句意和后文has attracted可知，应用现在完成时的被动语态，表示过去开始的动作一直持续到现在，对现在造成的影响。故填have been downloaded。 148．考查非谓语动词。句意：在网上引起关注后，一名警官提醒人们在饲养这些品种时要遵循当地的指导方针。此处为非谓语，动词draw和名词attention之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作后置定语。故填drawn。 149．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。remind sb to do sth是固定句型，不定式作宾语补足语。故填to follow。 150．考查不定代词。句意：他说，一些城市不允许人们养大型狗，而另一些城市则要求狗被植入微芯片，以实现“文明养狗”。根据前文some和句意可知，此处应用不定代词others与之相对应，表示“其他的，另外的”。故填others。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$