非限制性定语从句 介词 关系代词-2025-2026学年高中英语必修二语法重难点精讲（沪教版）

高中沪教牛津版 【必修2】 非限制性定语从句&介词+关系代词 语法精讲 【语法专题】非限制性定语从句&介词+ 关系代词专项突破 高中沪教牛津版必修2 语法精讲 语法概述：非限制性定语从句是对先行词进行补充说明，通常用逗号与主句隔开，去掉后主句意 思仍完整；“介词+关系代词'结构中，介词后常用关系代词which(指物)、whom(指人)，介词 的选择取决于先行词或从句中的动词搭配，在句中引导定语从句修饰先行词。 重难点讲解 重难点一：非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区别讲解： 非限制性定语从句对先行词起补充说明作用，与主句用逗号隔开，去掉后不影响主句意思；限制 性定语从句对先行词起修饰限定作用，无逗号，去掉后主句意思不完整。非限制性定语从句不可 用hat引导，指人用who/whom,指物用which。 例句： 。限制性：The student who sits next to me is from Beijing.(限定“坐在旁边的”学生，去掉后“学 生来自北京”不明确) ●非限制性：y brother,.who is a doctor,.works in Shanghai.(补充说明哥哥的职业，去掉后主句 “我哥哥在上海工作”仍完整) 真题再现： 1.(2024上海浦东区期中)Our school library,_was built in2000,has been completely renovated.. A.that B.which C.who D.where 答案：B解析：逗号隔开的非限制性定语从句，先行词“library'指物，用which引导，that 不可用于非限制性定语从句。 2.(2023上海徐汇区月考)M.Li,_teaches us math,.will retire next year. A.which B.who 高中沪教牛津版 【必修2】 非限制性定语从句&介词+关系代词 C.that D.whom 答案：B 解析：先行词“M.Li”指人，非限制性定语从句中作主语，用wh0引导。 重难点二：“介词+关系代词”结构的用法讲解： “介词+关系代词'结构中，关系代词指人用whom,指物用which,不可用that。介词的选择取决 于先行词的搭配或从句中动词的固定搭配。 例句： 。先行词搭配：The house in which I lived last year has been sold.(live in the house) ●动词搭配：He is the man for whom I bought a gift.(buy a gift for sb.) 真题再现： 1.(2024 上海黄浦区期末)This is the factory_my father has worked for20 years。 A.which B.in which C.on which D.for which 答案：D解析：从句中wok与for搭配(work for.“为…工作”)，先行词“factory'指物， 用“for which”。 2.(2023 上海长宁区期中)The girl_you talked just now is our monitor.. A.to whom B.whom C.to which D.which 答案：A 解析：talk to sb.为固定搭配，先行词“girl”指人，用“to whom”。 重难点三：非限制性定语从句指代整个主句内容讲解： 非限制性定语从句可由which引导，指代整个主句的内容，在从句中作主语或宾语，意为“这 点、这件事”。 例句： ●She passed the exam,which made her parents very happy..(which指代“她通过考试'这件事，在 从句中作主语) 真题再现： l.(2024上海闵行区月考)He missed the train,_caused him to be late for the meeting. A.which B.that C.what 2 高中沪教牛津版 【必修2】 非限制性定语从句&介词+关系代词 D.this 答案：A解析：逗号后非限制性定语从句指代前文“错过火车”这件事，用wich引导。 2.(2023 上海杨浦区期末)We won the game,_we had expected. A.that B.which C.who D.as 答案：B解析：which指代主句“‘我们赢了比赛”，在从句中作expected的宾语，意为“正如 我们所预料的”。 重难点四：关系副词与“介词+关系代词”的转换讲解： 关系副词where/when/why可与“介词+which"”转换：where=in/on/at+which;when=in/on/at+ which;why=for which。 例句： This is the city where I was born.This is the city in which I was born I remember the day when we first met.=I remember the day on which we first met 真题再现： 1.(2024 上海静安区期中)I'll never forget the year_I studied abroad. A.when B.which C.that D.where 答案：A 解析：先行词“year”表时间，从句中缺时间状语，用when,相当于in which。 2.(2023上海普陀区月考)The reason_he was late was that he missed the bus A.which B.for which C.that D.when 答案：B解析：先行词“reason''表原因，用for which(=why)引导定语从句，符合he reason for.结构。 易错点综合演练 L单项选择（直击重难点） 1.The old town,has a history of over 200 years,attracts millions of visitors every year. 高中沪教牛津版 【必修2】 非限制性定语从句&介词+关系代词 A.that B.which C.who D.where 2.This is the parkmy parents first met 30 years ago A.which B.where C.when D.why 3.He won the first prize,made his family very proud. A.that B.what C.which D.this 4.The girl we talked about just now is our new classmate. A.which B.whom C.whose D.where Ⅱ.用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空（强化句型结构） 1.The book cover is red belongs to me. 2.This is the reason he refused to join us. 3.We visited the factory my uncle has worked for 20 years. 4.She introduced me to her brother,is a famous doctor. 5.The day we left for Beijing was sunny and warm. Ⅲ，短文填空（综合运用定语从句） 用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空，使短文完整通顺。 I live in a small town 1.is surrounded by mountains.There is a river 2.runs through the center of the town.The people 3.live here are very friendly.Last month,we held a festival 4.attracted many tourists.My friend Tom,5.father is a local artist,helped organize the event.Everyone 6. participated had a great time.I love this town 7.I have lived for 15 years. V.连词成句（聚焦句型结构） 1.the,which,we,saw,film,last night,very interesting,was,(. 4 高中沪教牛津版 【必修2】 非限制性定语从句&介词+关系代词 2.is,the,man,whom,I,told,you about,this,(. 3.a,village,where,was,I,born,small,in,I,(. 4.she,passed,the exam,which,us,made,happy,all,(. 5.the,reason,he,late,for,was,which,explained,the,(. V.按要求改写句子（巩固定语从句用法） l.This is the school..I studied in this school five years ago.(合并为含定语从句的复合句) 2.The girl is my cousin.She is wearing a red dress.(合并为含定语从句的复合句) 3.He gave me a pen.I lost the pen yesterday..(合并为含”介词+关系代词”'结构的定语从句) 4.She told us a story..The story made us laugh.(合并为含非限制性定语从句的复合句) 综合演练参考答案 I.单项选择：1.B2B3.C4.B Ⅱ.用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空：1.whose2.why3.where/in which4.who5.when Ⅱ.短文填空：1.which/that2.which/.that3.who/hat 4.which/that 5.whose 6.who/that 7.where/in which V.连词成句： 1.The film which we saw last night was very interesting. 2.This is the man whom I told you about. 3.I was born in a small village where I lived. 4.She passed the exam,which made us all happy. 5.He explained the reason for which he was late. 5 高中沪教牛津版 【必修2】 非限制性定语从句&介词+关系代词 V.按要求改写句子： 1.This is the school where/in which I studied five years ago. 2.The girl who/that is wearing a red dress is my cousin 3.He gave me a pen which/that I lost yesterday.He gave me a pen,which I lost yesterday. 4.She told us a story,which made us laugh. 6