定语从句-2025-2026学年高中英语必修二语法重难点精讲（沪教版）

高中沪教牛津版 【必修2】 定语从句精讲 语法专版 【语法专题】定语从句专项突破 高中沪教牛津版必修2 语法精讲 语法概述：修饰名词或代词的从句，关系代词(who/whom/which/that/whose)代替先行词在从句 中作主语、宾语、定语，关系副词(when/where/why)代替先行词在从句中作状语。 重难点讲解 重难点一：关系代词的选择与用法讲解： 关系代词包括that、which、who、whom、whose,用于指代先行词并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定 语等成分。that既可指人也可指物，可作主语或宾语（作宾语时可省略）：which只能指物，作主 语或宾语：who0指人，作主语；whom指人，作宾语（可省略）；whose指人或物，作定语，表示 “的”。 例句： The girl who is standing there is my sister. .This is the book which I bought yesterday. The man that helped us is a doctor He is the boy whose father is a teacher. 真题再现： 1.(2024上海浦东期中，沪教牛津版)The storybook_I borrowed from the library is very interesting A.who B.which C.whose D.where 答案：B解析：先行词是The storybook(物)，且在从句中作borrowed的宾语，关系代词用 which或that,选项中只有B符合。 2.(2023 上海徐汇月考，沪教牛津版)Do you know the girl hair is red? A.who B.which C.whose 高中沪教牛津版 【必修2】 定语从句精讲 D.that 答案：C解析：从句中hair需要定语修饰，表示“女孩的头发”，关系代词用wose: 重难点二：关系副词的选择与用法讲解： 关系副词包括when、where、why,用于指代先行词并在从句中作状语。when指时间，在从句中 作时间状语：where指地点，在从句中作地点状语：why指原因，在从句中作原因状语，其先行词 通常是reason。 例句： I still remember the day when I first came to this school This is the place where we met last year. The reason why he was late is that he missed the bus. 真题再现： l.(2024上海闵行期末，沪教牛津版)I will never forget the time we spent together in the coun- tryside A.when B.where C.that D.why 答案：C解析：先行词是the time,在从句中作spent的宾语，而不是时间状语，所以用关 系代词that或which,选项中C符合。 2.(2023 上海静安期中，沪教牛津版)This is the factory_my father works. A.that B.which C.where D.when 答案：C解析：先行词是the factory(地点)，在从句中作woks的地点状语，关系副词用 where 重难点三：关系代词that与wich的用法区别讲解： 通常情况下that和which都可指物并作主语或宾语，但在以下情况只能用that:先行词是不定代 词all、something、nothing等时：先行词被序数词、最高级修饰时；先行词既有人又有物时。在以 下情况只能用which:引导非限制性定语从句时；介词后指物时。 例句： .All that glitters is not gold This is the first book that I have read this month 2 高中沪教牛津版 【必修2】 定语从句精讲 We talked about the persons and things that we remembered. She bought a new dress,which is very beautiful. The house in which he lives is very big. 真题再现： 1.(2024 上海杨浦月考，沪教牛津版)He told me everything_he knew about the accident.. A.which B.that C.what D.who 答案：B 解析：先行词是ever ything(不定代词)，关系代词用hat。 2.(2023 上海长宁期末，沪教牛津版)The citywe visited last year is very modern. A.where B.in which C.which D.who 答案：C解析：先行词是the city(物)，在从句中作visited的宾语，可用that或which,选 项中C符合；A、B在从句中作状语，不符合语境。 重难点四：关系代词在从句中作宾语时的省略讲解： 当关系代词that、which、whom在定语从句中作宾语时，可以省略。但如果关系代词前有介词，且 介词提前时，关系代词不能省略，此时指物用which,指人用whom。 例句： The film (that/which)we saw last night was great. The person (whom)you talked to is my brother. 真题再现： 1.(2024上海虹口期中，沪教牛津版)The book you lent me yesterday is very useful. A.what B.which C.who D.whose 答案：B 解析：先行词是the book(物)，在从句中作lent的宾语，关系代词用which或that, 也可省略，选项中B符合。 2.(2023上海普陀月考，沪教牛津版)The girl he is looking for is his sister. A.which B.whom 高中沪教牛津版 【必修2】 定语从句精讲 C.whose D.when 答案：B 解析：先行词是the girl(人)，在从句中作for的宾语，关系代词用whom或that, 也可省略，选项中B符合。 易错点综合演练 I单项选择（直击重难点） 1.The teacher is wearing ared coat is our English teacher. A.who B.which C.whose D.where 2.This is the park we had a picnic last weekend. A.when B.where C.that D.why 3.I can't forget the stories and the writersmy father told me. A.which B.who C.that D.whom 4.The house door is green belongs to my uncle A.who B.which C.whose D.where Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化句型结构）》 1.The girl (who)name is Lily is my best friend. 2.This is the pen(which)I bought yesterday. 3.I still remember the day(when)I joined the club 4.The reason(why)he was absent is still unknown. 5.Do you know the boy (whom)she is talking to? 4 高中沪教牛津版 【必修2】 定语从句精讲 Ⅲ短文填空（综合运用定语从句） 用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空，使短文完整通顺。 I live in a small town 1.is surrounded by mountains.There is a library 2.I often go to read books. The librarian 3.works there is very kind.She recommended a book 4.tells interesting stories about space.I also made a friend 5.father is an astronaut.We often talk about the stars 6.we see at night. I think the town 7.I live is a wonderful place. V.连词成句（聚焦句型结构) 1.is,the,student,won,who,first prize,( 2.I,the,bought,which,book,yesterday,is,interesting,(. 3.the,we,visited,city,where,last year,is,beautiful,(. 4.the,reason,he,late,was,why,told,us,he,( 5.you,know,the,girl,whose,hair,is,long,do,(? V.按要求改写句子（巩固定语从句用法） l.This is the man.HIe helped me yesterday.(合并为含定语从句的句子) 2.She lives in a house.The house is near the river..(合并为含定语从句的句子) 3.The book is very useful..I borrowed it from the library..(合并为含定语从句的句子) 4.We will never forget the days.We spent the days together.(合并为含定语从句的句子) 参考答案 I.单项选择：1.A2.B3.C4.C Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空：1.whose2.which/that3.when4.why5.whom/that Ⅱ.短文填空： 1.which/that 2.where 3.who/that 4.which/that 5.whose 6.which/that 7.where 5 高中沪教牛津版 【必修2】 定语从句精讲 V.连词成句： 1.The student who won first prize is here. 2.The book which I bought yesterday is interesting 3.The city where we visited last year is beautiful. 4.He told us the reason why he was late. 5.Do you know the girl whose hair is long? V.按要求改写句子： 1.This is the man who/that helped me yesterday. 2.She lives in a house which/that is near the river. 3.The book which/that I borrowed from the library is very useful. 4.We will never forget the days which/that we spent together. 6