Unit7 课文改编题 -2025-2026学年沪教版八年级英语下册

沪教版8下第七单元课文改编小卷 （适用于家庭作业） 学生姓名：_____________ 班级：_____________ 得分：_____________ 第一部分：根据汉语意思填写单词（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 1. Nie Haisheng was __________（决心）to make his dream come true. 2. Nie served as __________（指挥官）on the Shenzhou10 and Shenzhou12 missions. 3. They did different kinds of __________（实验）and even performed a spacewalk. 4. I soon __________（适应）and felt better in space. 5. Everything floats because there is no __________（重力）in orbit. 6. Exercise can slow down the __________（肌肉）loss. 7. Tianhe was sent into space on 29 April 2021 and arrived at its __________（目的地）. 8. BDS is a group of __________（卫星）in orbit around the Earth. 9. Your phone receives the __________（信号）and compares it to the time of arrival. 10. BDS can be used for twoway __________（通讯）in areas without mobile network. 第二部分：用所给单词的适当形式填空（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 11. Nie Haisheng was given the title “Heroic Astronaut” to recognize his __________ (great) work. 12. The minutes seemed like hours—it was the __________ (proud) moment of my life. 13. We can choose from many __________ (type) of food in space. 14. Simple tasks seem __________ (hard) and take longer to do in space. 15. We can’t afford to make any __________ (mistake), so it can be stressful. 16. Exercise is an important part of our daily __________ (routine). 17. The exercise __________ (equip) is very different from what we use on Earth. 18. The name Tiangong comes from ancient Chinese __________ (legend) about the sky. 19. Tiangong __________ (travel) at about 28,000 kilometers an hour. 20. BDS will __________ (automatic) pick the navigation system with the best signal. 第三部分：阅读理解（共16小题，每小题2分，满分32分） A篇：《Nie Haisheng: a heroic astronaut》 When Nie Haisheng was little, he loved planes and often dreamt of flying. While the other children were playing, Nie was studying hard. He was determined to make his dream come true."I"ve never given up, and I'm always ready to face the next challenge,"said Nie. On 12 October 2005,he finally went on his first space flight in the Shenzhou-6 spacecraft.Although the mission only lasted for 5 days, he enjoyed the flight a lot.Then,in 2013 and 2021,Nie served as commander on the Shenzhou-10and Shenzhou-12missions.The latter made him one of the first three astronauts to live and work on China's Tiangong space station.They did different kinds of experiments and even performed a spacewalk! Their mission lasted 93 days. Nie was given the title "Heroic Astronaut"to recognize his great work.In addition,the asteroid 9517 Nie haisheng was named after him. 21. What did Nie Haisheng dream of when he was little? A. Becoming a teacher. B. Flying in the sky. C. Building a space station. D. Meeting astronauts. 22. When did Nie Haisheng go on his first space flight? A. In 2005. B. In 2013. C. In 2021. D. In 2022. 23. What did Nie Haisheng do on the Shenzhou12 mission? A. He only stayed in the space station for 5 days. B. He served as a普通 astronaut. C. He performed a spacewalk and did experiments. D. He named an asteroid after himself. 24. The asteroid 9517 was named after Nie Haisheng because ______. A. he discovered it B. he was the first Chinese astronaut C. he made great contributions to space exploration D. he asked the scientists to do so B篇：《Life in space》 It was the proudest moment of my life. We were waiting for instructions from ground control. The minutes seemed like hours. Finally, we took off. We were travelling so fast—it only took about 10 minutes to get into orbit. At first, it was a shock to my body. I wasn’t feeling great. However, I soon adjusted and felt better. At last, we reached the space station—my new home for a while! Let me tell you what life in space is like. Eating in space I used to worry about the food in space. But in fact we can choose from many types of food, such as fruit, nuts, chicken, beef and seafood. We have different types of tea, juice and soup as well. It turns out that eating can be a pleasure in space too! Working in space We are very busy every day. Being an astronaut is hard because you do not experience gravity when you are in orbit. Everything floats, including you, so simple tasks seem harder and take longer to do. When we go outside, we have to move very carefully. We can’t afford to make any mistakes, so it can be stressful sometimes. However, it is an amazing experience to go outside the space station in a spacesuit. The view of the Earth is great! Sleeping in space Just like on Earth, I go to bed at a certain time. However, I sleep in a sleeping bag in a small room, and I have to stick my sleeping bag to the wall. This stops me from floating around the room and hitting something by mistake! Exercising in space Exercise is an important part of our daily routine in space. When we live in space, we start losing muscle. Exercise can slow down the muscle loss. If we do not exercise, we will be very weak when we return to the Earth. Luckily, we have a small gym on the space station to help us stay fit. However, the exercise equipment is very different from what we use on Earth. 25. How did the writer feel when waiting for instructions from ground control? A. Relaxed. B. Nervous and excited. C. Bored. D. Tired. 26. What does the writer think about food in space? A. It is not as good as food on Earth. B. There is very little to choose from. C. Eating can actually be enjoyable. D. Astronauts don’t need to eat much. 27. Why do simple tasks take longer in space? A. Because astronauts are lazy. B. Because there is no gravity. C. Because the tools are broken. D. Because astronauts are too busy. 28. Why do astronauts need to exercise in space? A. To pass the time. B. To lose weight. C. To slow down muscle loss. D. To prepare for spacewalks C篇：《Tiangong: China’s space station》 Chinese people have long dreamt of exploring space. In 2022, China finished building a space station called Tiangong (“Heavenly Palace”). The name comes from ancient Chinese legends about the sky. The most important part of Tiangong space station is called Tianhe (“Harmony of Heavens”). It was sent into space on 29 April 2021. Just a few weeks after it arrived at its destination, Tianhe got its first visitor—the Tianzhou2 spacecraft. The spacecraft delivered fuel, equipment, tools and supplies for the astronauts. At this point, the space station was ready to receive human visitors. Seven weeks later, the first three astronauts arrived at Tianhe on Shenzhou12. The crew spent three months testing equipment and preparing it for future astronauts. Since then, several more Shenzhou crews have visited Tiangong, and two more lab modules (Wentian and Mengtian) have been added. Astronauts on space missions are always very busy. They need to do important experiments and collect scientific data. But it is definitely an amazing experience. The astronauts get to go on spacewalks, and they can see the sun rise 16 times in one day because Tiangong travels at about 28,000 kilometres an hour. That means it only takes about 90 minutes to go around the Earth! At a height of about 400 kilometres above the Earth, Tiangong passes across the sky. We do not need any special tools to see it: the space station can be seen from most parts of the world with the naked eye. If you know when and where to look, you will see a tiny shiny object moving across the night sky. 29. What does the name “Tiangong” come from? A. A modern Chinese poem. B. Ancient Chinese legends. C. A famous astronaut’s suggestion. D. The name of a rocket. 30. Which part of Tiangong was sent into space first? A. Tianhe. B. Tianzhou2. C. Wentian. D. Mengtian. 31. How long does it take Tiangong to go around the Earth? A. 16 minutes. B. 90 minutes. C. 24 hours. D. 28,000 hours. 32. How can we see Tiangong from the Earth? A. We need a special telescope. B. We can see it with the naked eye. C. We can only see it from China. D. We cannot see it at all. D篇：《How BDS works》 What is BDS? BDS, officially known as the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, is one of the global navigation satellite systems. How does BDS work? BDS is a group of satellites in orbit around the Earth. Each satellite sends radio signals to the Earth with information. The signals answer two important questions: “Where in space is the satellite?” and “When did the signal leave the satellite?” The radio signal travels through space at the speed of light—that is 299,792 kilometres per second! On Earth, your phone receives the signal and compares it with the exact time of arrival. It then calculates the distance from the satellite. One satellite is not enough. Your phone needs information from **at least four satellites** to calculate your precise location. It does this continuously, so when using a BDS device, you won’t get lost. What’s special about BDS? We can also use BDS for twoway communication. In areas without any mobile network, people can send text messages through BeiDou satellites. How do we use BDS? If your phone supports BDS, it will automatically pick the navigation system with the best signal at the time. Can we use BDS outside China? Yes, we can use BDS outside China, but its accuracy is higher in China and the Asia-Pacific region. 33. What is BDS? A. A type of spacecraft. B. A global navigation satellite system. C. A space station module. D. A mobile phone network. 34. How many satellites does your phone need to calculate your location? A. One. B. Two. C. Four. D. Eight. 35. What makes BDS special compared to some other navigation systems? A. It works faster. B. It supports twoway communication. C. It is free to use. D. It never makes mistakes. 36. Where is BDS most accurate? A. All over the world. B. In Europe. C. In China and the AsiaPacific region. D. In the United States. 第四部分：重点词组翻译（共4小题，每小题2分，满分8分） 37. 聂海胜决心让他的梦想成真。（be determined to; make one’s dream come true） ____________________________________________________________________ 38. 在太空中，我们承受不起任何失误。（can’t afford to） ____________________________________________________________________ 39. 天宫空间站以每小时约28,000公里的速度飞行。（at the speed of） ____________________________________________________________________ 40. 北斗系统是以中国命名的。（be named after） ____________________________________________________________________ 第五部分：语篇填空（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 要求：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s space programme has made remarkable progress in recent years. One of the (41)__________ (great) achievements is the construction of the Tiangong space station. The name “Tiangong” means “Heavenly Palace” and comes from ancient Chinese legends, (42)__________ shows the rich cultural heritage behind modern science. The first core module, Tianhe, (43)__________ (send) into space on 29 April 2021. Soon after, astronauts arrived (44)__________ the station and began their work. Life in space is very different from (45)__________ on Earth. Everything floats because there is no gravity. Astronauts have to stick their sleeping bags (46)__________ the wall to stop (47)__________ (float) around. (48)__________ spite of the challenges, astronauts enjoy their life in space. They can see the sun rise 16 times a day and perform spacewalks. Nie Haisheng, one of China’s first astronauts to enter Tiangong, said he was always ready (49)__________ (face) the next challenge. Besides the space station, China has also developed the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS). It can be used for twoway communication, even in areas (50)__________ mobile network is not available. This makes BDS special and useful for people all over the world. 参考答案与详细解析 第一部分：根据汉语意思填写单词 1. determined 解析：be determined to do sth.“决心做某事”，形容词作表语。文中原句：He was determined to make his dream come true. 2. commander 解析：名词“指挥官”。文中原句：Nie served as commander on the Shenzhou10 and Shenzhou12 missions. 3. experiments 解析：可数名词，复数形式。文中原句：They did different kinds of experiments. 4. adjusted 解析：动词过去式。文中原句：However, I soon adjusted and felt better. 5. gravity 解析：名词“重力”。文中原句：Being an astronaut is hard because you do not experience gravity. 6. muscle 解析：名词“肌肉”。文中原句：Exercise can slow down the muscle loss. 7. destination 解析：名词“目的地”。文中原句：It was sent into space... just a few weeks after it arrived at its destination. 8. satellites 解析：可数名词，复数形式。文中原句：BDS is a group of satellites in orbit around the Earth. 9. signal 解析：名词“信号”。文中原句：Your phone receives the signal and compares it to the exact time of arrival. 10. communication 解析：名词“通讯”。文中原句：We can also use BDS for twoway communication. 第二部分：用所给单词的适当形式填空 11. great 解析：形容词修饰名词work。文中原句已有，无需变形。 12. proudest 解析：定冠词the + 形容词最高级。文中原句：It was the proudest moment of my life. 13. types 解析：many后加可数名词复数。 14. harder 解析：and连接并列结构，后面longer是比较级，前面也用比较级。 15. mistakes 解析：any后加可数名词复数，泛指“任何错误”。 16. routine 解析：名词“日常事务”。daily routine固定搭配。 17. equipment 解析：exercise equipment“健身器材”，equipment为不可数名词。 18. legends 解析：ancient Chinese legends“中国古代传说”，复数表泛指。 19. travels 解析：描述事实，主语Tiangong为三单，谓语加s。 20. automatically 解析：修饰动词pick，用副词 第三部分：阅读理解 21. B 解析：第一段：he loved planes and often dreamt of flying. 22. A 解析：第二段：On 12 October 2005, he finally went on his first space flight. 23. C 解析：第二段：They did different kinds of experiments and even performed a spacewalk! 24. C 解析：Nie was given the title “Heroic Astronaut” to recognize his great work. 命名小行星是同样的表彰原因。 25. B 解析：第一段：It was the proudest moment of my life. The minutes seemed like hours. 既自豪又紧张。 26. C 解析：Eating in space段落末句：It turns out that eating can be a pleasure in space too! 27. B 解析：Working in space段落：Being an astronaut is hard because you do not experience gravity... so simple tasks seem harder and take longer. 28. C 解析：Exercising in space段落：Exercise can slow down the muscle loss. 29. B 解析：第一段：The name comes from ancient Chinese legends about the sky. 30. A 解析：第二段：The most important part of Tiangong space station is called Tianhe. It was sent into space on 29 April 2021. 31. B 解析：第三段末：it orbits takes about 90 minutes to go around the Earth!（原文有小笔误，意为orbit takes） 32. B 解析：末段：we do not need any special tools to see it: the space station can be seen from most parts of the world with the naked eye. 33. B 解析：What is BDS?段落：BDS... is one of the global navigation satellite systems. 34. C 解析：How does BDS work?段落：Your phone needs information from four satellites to calculate your location. 35. B 解析：What’s special about BDS?段落：We can also use BDS for twoway communication. 36. C 解析：末句：its accuracy is higher in China and the AsiaPacific region. 第四部分：重点词组翻译 37. Nie Haisheng was determined to make his dream come true. 解析：be determined to do“决心做某事”；make one’s dream come true“使梦想成真”。 38. In space, we can’t afford to make any mistakes. 解析：can’t afford to do“承受不起……的后果”；mistake为可数名词，any后用复数。 39. Tiangong space station travels at the speed of about 28,000 kilometers per hour. 解析：at the speed of“以……的速度”。 40. The BeiDou System is named after China. 解析：be named after“以……命名”。北斗系统以“北斗星”命名，但本文文化语境可意译为“以中国命名”。 第五部分：语篇填空 41. greatest 解析：one of the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词，“最……之一”。 42. which 解析：非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子，用which。 43. was sent 解析：Tianhe与send为被动关系，描述过去，用一般过去时的被动语态。 44. at 解析：arrive at + 小地点；arrive in + 大地点。空间站视为具体站点，用at。 45. that 解析：比较结构中用that代替前面出现过的不可数名词life。 46. to 解析：stick A to B“把A粘在B上”，固定搭配。 47. floating 解析：stop sb. (from) doing“阻止某人做某事”，from可省略。 48. In 解析：in spite of“尽管”，固定短语。 49. to face 解析：be ready to do“准备好做某事”。 50. where 解析：定语从句，先行词areas，从句缺地点状语，用where。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $