精品解析：上海市浦东新区上海市实验学校2025-2026学年高三上学期9月摸底考英语试卷

上海市实验学校2025-2026学年高三上学期9月摸底考 英语试卷 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A (10 分) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The viral ascendancy of xié xiū A few weeks ago, I came across a video trend from China where the younger generation is embracing what they call xié xiū cooking — a style ____1____ the rules are thrown aside, ingredients are paired in bizarre ways, and cooking methods are unconventional. Yet, when the dish is done, it somehow makes sense and even tempts you to take a bite. Just last night, I watched a video of a steamed bun ____2____ (transform) into a pizza. At the time, I wondered how anyone could be so clever. In classic Chinese martial art novels, xié xiū refers to practicing martial arts through unorthodox (异端的) methods — taking shortcuts, using unconventional tricks, and often advancing faster than ____3____ on the orthodox path. The term xié xiū now describes people who use bizarre, unconventional, and occasionally ridiculous methods to solve problems. ____4____ it’s dieting by pretending to be a dog or cooking gourmet meals with nothing but a rice cooker and a microwave, the dark arts promise incredible power. While the outcome may sometimes be efficient, xié xiū carries an emotional and self-expressive element in ____5____ it’s done, not purely about the outcome but rather about playfulness and self-expression. Though some may argue their appeal only lies in the appearance of cleverness within the short video format, ____6____ it really reflects is a deep-seated desire for agency and resourcefulness in a complex world, channeled through humor and a rebellious spirit against ____7____ (perceive) systemic inadequacies. So I believe there’s something important here that we have been overlooking. We live in a time when almost any fact is just a few taps away and with the help of AI. With AI we should go beyond simply finding information. Since “All roads lead to Rome”, ____8____ always taking the most direct path, we should explore the other roads leading to the same destination, the unconventional, overlooked, or even playful routes that reveal what we ____9____(miss) so far. This mindset has real implications for how we learn. In an age where the correct answer is instantly accessible through AI, our education systems should not only reward accuracy but also encourage students to experiment. When learning becomes a space where curiosity, creativity, and even a bit of mischief are welcome, the journey is no longer a straight road but an adventure worth _____10_____ (take). 【答案】1. where 2. being transformed 3. those 4. Whether 5. how 6. what 7. perceived 8. instead of##rather than 9. have been missing##have missed 10. taking 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，短文以网络走红的“邪修烹饪”为切入点，解读了“邪修”这一概念从武侠小说到当下的内涵演变，指出其背后是人们在复杂世界中对自主能动性和应变能力的追求，进而引申到学习与教育层面，倡导人们打破常规、勇于探索，重视学习过程中的好奇心与创造力。 【1题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：几周前，我发现了中国的一个视频潮流，年轻一代正热衷于他们所说的“邪修烹饪”——一种抛开规则、食材搭配怪异、烹饪方法非传统的风格。此处为定语从句，先行词是a style，指抽象的地点范畴，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【2题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：就在昨晚，我看了一个馒头被做成披萨的视频。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰a steamed bun，transform与a steamed bun之间为被动关系，且表示动作正在进行，应用现在分词的被动形式being transformed。故填being transformed。 【3题详解】 考查代词。句意：在经典的中国武侠小说中，“邪修”指的是用非正统的方法习武——走捷径、用非常规的手段，而且往往比走正统道路的人进步更快。此处指代前文的people，为了避免重复，应用代词those，特指“那些走正统道路的人”。故填those。 【4题详解】 考查连词。句意：无论是假装成狗来节食，还是只用电饭煲和微波炉做出美味佳肴，这些“旁门左道”都有着惊人的效果。whether...or...为固定搭配，意为“无论是……还是……”，用来连接两个并列的选择成分，句首单词首字母大写。故填Whether。 【5题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：虽然“邪修”的结果有时可能很高效，但它在实施方式上带有情感和自我表达的成分，这不仅仅关乎结果，更关乎趣味性和自我表达。此处为宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，从句中缺少方式状语，意为“如何做”，应用连接副词how引导。故填how。 【6题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：尽管有些人可能会说，它们的吸引力只在于短视频形式中展现出的小聪明，但它真正反映的是，在这个复杂的世界里，人们内心深处对自主能动性和应变能力的渴望，这种渴望通过幽默和对被感知到的体系性不足的反叛精神传递出来。此处为主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，且指物，意为“……的东西”，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 【7题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管有些人可能会说，它们的吸引力只在于短视频形式中展现出的小聪明，但它真正反映的是，在这个复杂的世界里，人们内心深处对自主能动性和应变能力的渴望，这种渴望通过幽默和对被感知到的体系性不足的反叛精神传递出来。此处修饰名词systemic inadequacies，应用非谓语动词作定语，perceive与systemic inadequacies之间为被动关系，意为“被感知到的体系性不足”，应用过去分词形式perceived。故填perceived。 【8题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：既然“条条大路通罗马”，我们不应总是走最直接的路，而应探索通往同一目的地的其他道路，那些非传统的、被忽视的、甚至充满趣味的道路，这些道路能揭示我们至今为止所忽略的东西。根据句意，此处表示“而不是”，应用固定短语instead of / rather than，后接动名词形式。故填instead of / rather than。 【9题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：既然“条条大路通罗马”，我们不应总是走最直接的路，而应探索通往同一目的地的其他道路，那些非传统的、被忽视的、甚至充满趣味的道路，这些道路能揭示我们至今为止所忽略的东西。根据时间状语so far可知，此处表示动作从过去开始持续到现在，且可能还在继续，应用现在完成进行时have been missing；也可表示动作到现在为止已经完成，应用现在完成时have missed。故填have been missing / have missed。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当学习成为一个欢迎好奇心、创造力甚至一点小调皮的空间时，这段旅程就不再是一条笔直的路，而是一次值得去经历的冒险。be worth doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“值得做某事”，此处应用动名词形式taking，主动形式表被动含义。故填taking。 Section B (10 分) Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. signal B. ranging C. features D. subjective E. shifts F. underwent G. dramatically H. remarkable I. relatively J. practiced K. conditions Color Psychology: Does It Affect How You Feel? Do you feel energized when you see red? Does the color blue make you feel calm? Artists and designers have long believed that color can ____11____ affect moods, feelings, and emotions. “Colors, like ____12____, follow the changes of the emotions,” the artist Pablo Picasso once said. Color is a powerful communication tool and can be used to ____13____ action, influence mood, and even affect physiological (生理的) reactions. Certain colors have been associated with physiological changes, including increased blood pressure and eye tiredness. Color psychology is the study of how different colors affect human mood and behavior. The scientific exploration of color psychology is ____14____ new, but people have long been interested in the nature and impact of color. In ancient cultures, colors were often used to treat different ____15____, or even for a certain spiritual practice. Why is color such a powerful force in our lives? What effects can it have on our bodies and minds? While perceptions of color are somewhat ____16____, some color effects have universal meanings. For example, colors in the red area of the color spectrum (光谱), are known as warm colors. These warm colors bring about emotions ____17____ from feelings of warmth and comfort to feelings of anger. “It is ____18____ how colors can profoundly shape our mood and modulate our behavior,” observes Dr. Rachel Goldman. “Consider the way in which wearing garments of varying colors can alter your emotional state.” Perhaps the next time you are feeling energetic, think about this and see if your mood ____19____ by wearing a different color." Several ancient cultures, including the Egyptians and Chinese, _____20_____ chromotherapy, or the use of colors to cure. Chromotherapy is sometimes referred to as light therapy. A 2020 study suggested that chromotherapy may be an effective way to help reduce feelings of post-traumatic (创伤后) stress in intensive care unit nurses. 【答案】11. G 12. C 13. A 14. I 15. K 16. D 17. B 18. H 19. E 20. J 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍色彩心理学，阐述颜色对人情绪、生理及行为的显著影响，提及古今对色彩运用与色彩疗法研究，说明其虽主观却具普遍作用与研究价值。 【11题详解】 考查副词。句意：长期以来，艺术家和设计师们一直坚信，色彩能够极大地影响人的情绪、感受和情感。根据“affect moods, feelings, and emotions”以及句意“极大地”可知应填副词dramatically，修饰动词affect。故选G。 【12题详解】 考查名词。句意：艺术家巴勃罗·毕加索曾说：“色彩，如同人的面貌神情，会随情绪的变化而流转。”根据“follow the changes of the emotions”以及句意“面貌神情”可知应填复数名词features，作宾语，表泛指。故选C。 【13题详解】 考查动词。句意：颜色是一种极具影响力的沟通工具，它能够传达指令、影响情绪，甚至还能引发生理反应。根据“action, influence mood, and even affect physiological reactions”以及句意“示意”可知应填动词signal，此处为短语be used to do sth.。故选A。 【14题详解】 考查副词。句意：色彩心理学的科学研究相对较新，但人们长期以来一直对色彩的本质及其影响保持着浓厚的兴趣。根据“but people have long been interested in the nature and impact of color”以及句意“相对”可知应填副词relatively，修饰形容词new。故选I。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：在古代文化中，颜色常被用于治疗各种病症，甚至用于某种精神修行活动。根据“In ancient cultures, colors were often used to treat different”以及句意“病症”可知应填名词condition，根据上文different可知为复数。故选K。 【16题详解】 考查形容词。句意：虽然人们对颜色的感知具有一定的主观性，但某些颜色效果却具有普遍的含义。根据“While perceptions of color are somewhat”以及句意“主观性”可知应填形容词subjective，作表语。故选D。 【17题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些暖色调所引发的情绪涵盖了从温暖舒适的感受到愤怒情绪等多个层面。根据“from feelings of warmth and comfort to feelings of anger”以及句意“范围涵盖”可知应填现在分词ranging，作定语。故选B。 【18题详解】 考查形容词。句意：“色彩竟能如此深刻地影响我们的情绪并改变我们的行为，这实在令人惊叹。”瑞秋·戈德曼博士如是说道。根据“how colors can profoundly shape our mood and modulate our behavior”以及句意“令人惊叹的”可知应填形容词remarkable，作表语。故选H。 【19题详解】 考查动词。句意：或许下次当你精力充沛时，可以思考一下这个问题，并看看穿上不同颜色的衣服是否能改变你的心情。根据“by wearing a different color”以及句意“改变”可知应填动词shift，作谓语，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为mood，谓语用三单形式。故选E。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：包括埃及人和中国人在内的多个古代文化都曾采用过色彩疗法，即利用色彩来进行治疗。根据“chromotherapy”以及句意“采用”可知应填动词practice，作谓语，发生在过去用一般过去时。故选J。 II. Reading Comprehension Section A (15 分) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. What is the essence of Disney World? Much of it ____21____ Disney’s effort to create the illusion for visitors that they have entered a perfect world, which more closely satisfies their desires. For example, on the thrill rides, visitors escape their ____22____ in physical reality while moving at speeds that seem to be against what common sense tells them should be possible. Disney World also invites visitors to escape the fallen state of society and draws them into a world of celebration and fun. When you put all this together, it becomes obvious that Disney World offers visitors the ____23____ realization of humanity’s deepest dream: transcendence (超越). In Disney World, we transcend the mundane (平淡无奇的). In place of the world we ____24____ find ourselves in, in which most opportunities are closed to us and most human motives are ____25____, we go on a journey through symbolic worlds that are objective and material, but seemingly as weightless, carefree and fantastic as the imagination. Through the power of simulation (模拟), Disney World becomes the ultimate ____26____ for the way technology will lead to transcendence of the mundane world. We can thus see in Disney, two trends that define the age: the desire to escape the restrictions of life through technology and the desire to ____27____ that we have done so in invented worlds of simulation. If the great myth of America is the story of progress, Disney World is a place that seems to be the happy ____28____, in which progress peaks in a dreamland of transcendence that ____29____ the fallen state of nature, society and ourselves. One of the ironies in all this is that Disney World falsifies our desire for a better world. On the one hand, it expresses our desire for an idealized existence that is ____30____ evil and imperfection. But it does so by inviting us to return to a state of happiness before the fall from childhood, with simplified visions of life that filter out the difficult truths of the ____31____ and society. The ____32____ inherent (固有的) in Disney World are deepened by the fact that it is only able to show us its vision of a dreamland by turning us into ____33____ consumers. Here, we can see a danger that is at the essence of our relationship to technology: it encourages us to both think of ourselves as children and ____34____ ourselves in images and fantasy. Therefore, Disney World is a(n) ____35____ tale where we see the ultimate attempt to rely on technology, in which even experiences are manufactured for us by machines. 21. A. contrast to B. depends on C. agrees to D. centers on 22. A. sensation B. imagination C. containment D. surroundings 23. A. fictionalized B. scientific C. dawning D. simplified 24. A. temporarily B. barely C. theoretically D. normally 25. A. hidden B. inspired C. driven D. revealed 26. A. chaos B. trial C. showcase D. goal 27. A. transform B. ignore C. pretend D. ensure 28. A. beginning B. example C. tune D. ending 29. A. undoes B. worsens C. secures D. speeds 30. A. exposed to B. innocent of C. subject to D. tolerant of 31. A. self B. regulation C. law D. people 32. A. dynamics B. contradictions C. interventions D. tragedies 33. A. passive B. domestic C. common D. smart 34. A. conduct B. redefine C. lose D. reflect 35. A. mysterious B. cautionary C. folk D. original 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨迪士尼世界的本质，即通过模拟创造完美幻境让游客实现超越，同时揭示其背后的矛盾与潜在危险。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：其核心在于迪士尼努力为游客营造一种幻觉 —— 他们已踏入一个完美世界，这个世界能更贴切地满足他们的愿望。A. contrast to与……对比；B. depends on取决于；C. agrees to同意；D. centers on以……为中心。根据上文“What is the essence of Disney World?”和下文“Disney’s effort to create the illusion for visitors that they have entered a perfect world”可知，迪士尼世界的核心在于其为游客创造幻境的努力。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，在惊险游乐设施上，游客们以看似违背常识的速度飞驰，从而摆脱现实世界中的种种束缚。A. sensation感觉；B. imagination想象；C. containment控制；D. surroundings环境。根据上文“on the thrill rides”和下文“in physical reality”可知，此处指游客通过游乐设施逃离现实中的束缚。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：综合所有这些，很明显，迪士尼世界为游客提供了人类最深层梦想 —— 超越 —— 的虚构实现。A. fictionalized虚构的；B. scientific科学的；C. dawning开始的；D. simplified简化的。根据上文“Disney’s effort to create the illusion for visitors”可知，这种超越的实现是虚构的，并非真实存在。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们不再处于我们通常所处的世界 —— 在那个世界里，大多数机会都对我们关闭，大多数人类动机都被隐藏 —— 而是踏上了一段穿越象征性世界的旅程，这些世界是客观且物质的，但似乎和想象一样轻盈、无忧无虑、奇妙无比。A. temporarily暂时地；B. barely几乎不；C. theoretically理论上；D. normally通常地。此处将迪士尼的虚构世界与我们平常生活的真实世界对比，“通常地”符合句意。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们不再处于我们通常所处的世界 —— 在那个世界里，大多数机会都对我们关闭，大多数人类动机都被隐藏 —— 而是踏上了一段穿越象征性世界的旅程，这些世界是客观且物质的，但似乎和想象一样轻盈、无忧无虑、奇妙无比。A. hidden隐藏的；B. inspired受启发的；C. driven被驱使的；D. revealed被揭露的。根据上文“in which most opportunities are closed to us ”并结合现实世界的特点，与迪士尼的透明幻境相比，现实中人类的很多动机是被隐藏起来的。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过模拟的力量，迪士尼世界成为技术将引领人们超越平淡世界的终极展示场。A. chaos混乱；B. trial试验；C. showcase展示场，陈列柜；D. goal目标。根据上文“Through the power of simulation ”可知，迪士尼世界通过技术模拟呈现超越平淡的场景，是技术作用的展示场。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，我们可以在迪士尼看到定义这个时代的两种趋势：通过技术逃离生活限制的愿望，以及在虚构的模拟世界中假装我们已经做到这一点的愿望。A. transform改变；B. ignore忽视；C. pretend假装；D. ensure确保。结合前文“Disney’s effort to create the illusion for visitors”可知，迪士尼的世界是虚构的，人们在其中假装自己已经逃离了现实限制。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果美国伟大的神话是进步的故事，那么迪士尼世界似乎就是一个幸福的结局 —— 在这个结局中，进步在一个超越的梦境中达到顶峰，这个梦境消除了自然、社会和我们自身的堕落状态。A. beginning开始；B. example例子；C. tune曲调；D. ending结局。结合下文“progress peaks”可知，此处将迪士尼世界比作美国进步神话的幸福结局。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果美国伟大的神话是进步的故事，那么迪士尼世界似乎就是一个幸福的结局 —— 在这个结局中，进步在一个超越的梦境中达到顶峰，这个梦境消除了自然、社会和我们自身的堕落状态。A. undoes消除，取消；B. worsens恶化；C. secures保护；D. speeds加速。根据上文“Disney World also invites visitors to escape the fallen state of society and draws them into a world of celebration and fun.”可知，迪士尼的幻境是完美的，会消除现实中自然、社会和自身的堕落状态。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：一方面，它表达了我们对一种理想化存在的渴望 —— 这种存在没有邪恶和不完美。A. exposed to暴露于；B. innocent of 没有……的，无辜的；C. subject to受制于；D. tolerant of容忍……的。根据上文“an idealized existence”可知，理想化的存在应是没有邪恶和不完美的。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但它是通过邀请我们回到堕落前的童年幸福状态来实现这一点的，用简化的生活视角过滤掉自我和社会的艰难真相。A. self自我；B. regulation规则；C. law法律；D. people人们。结合上文“the difficult truths of the”和后文society可知，此处与社会并列，指自我的艰难真相。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：迪士尼世界固有的矛盾因一个事实而加剧 —— 它只能通过把我们变成被动的消费者，才能向我们展示它的梦境愿景。A. dynamics动态；B. contradictions矛盾；C. interventions干预；D. tragedies悲剧。前文“the desire to escape the restrictions of life through technology and the desire to ____ that we have done so in invented worlds of simulation.”和“ But it does so by inviting us to return to a state of happiness before the fall from childhood, with simplified visions of life that filter out the difficult truths of the ____ and society.”可知，提到迪士尼既表达人们对完美的渴望，又通过虚构欺骗人们，这是一种矛盾。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：迪士尼世界固有的矛盾因一个事实而加剧 —— 它只能通过把我们变成被动的消费者，才能向我们展示它的梦境愿景。A. passive被动的；B. domestic国内的；C. common普通的；D. smart聪明的。根据上文“Disney’s effort to create the illusion for visitors that they have entered a perfect world, which more closely satisfies their desires. ”和常识可知，在迪士尼的幻境中，人们只是被动接受其创造的一切，而非主动创造。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这里，我们可以看到我们与技术关系的本质危险：它鼓励我们既把自己当作孩子，又在影像和幻想中迷失自我。A. conduct实施；B. redefine重新定义；C. lose丢失，迷失；D. reflect反映。结合后文“ in images and fantasy”可知，技术让人们沉浸在幻想中，容易迷失自我。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，迪士尼世界是一个警示性的故事 —— 在这个故事中，我们看到了依赖技术的终极尝试，在这种尝试中，甚至体验都是机器为我们制造的。A. mysterious神秘的；B. cautionary警示性的；C. folk民间的；D. original原始的。前文“The ____ inherent (固有的) in Disney World are deepened by the fact that it is only able to show us its vision of a dreamland by turning us into ____ consumers.”提到了迪士尼世界的矛盾和潜在危险，因此它是一个警示性的故事。故选B。 Section B (22分) Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Rats and other animals need to be highly sensitive to social signals from others so they can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid. To find out if this extends to artificial agents, Laleh Quinn at the University of California, San Diego, and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals from robotic rats. They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat — one social and one asocial — for four days. The robot rats were quite minimalist, resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels to move around and colorful markings. During the experiment, the social robot rat followed the living rats around, played with the same toys, and opened cage doors to let trapped rats escape. Meanwhile, the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side. Next, the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever (控制杆). Across 18 trials each, the living rats were 52 per cent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one. This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being, says Quinn. The rats may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviors like group exploring and playing. This could lead to the rats remembering having freed it earlier, and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped, she says. “Rats have been shown to engage in multiple forms of cooperation, including what is referred to as reciprocity where a rat will help another rat that has previously helped them,” says Quinn. The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design. The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels. “We’d assumed we’d have to give it a moving head and tail, facial features, and put a scent on it to make it smell like a real rat, but that wasn’t necessary,” says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia, who helped with the research. Similarly, children tend to treat robots as if they were fellow beings, even when they display only simple social signals. “We humans seem to be fascinated by robots, and it turns out other animals are too,” says Wiles. 36. What was the main purpose of Quinn’s experiment? A. To study how robots mimic complex animal interactions. B. To test whether rats can distinguish between different robot designs. C. To determine if rats respond to non-living entities. D. To explore the role of scent in rats’ social recognition. 37. What was the key behavioral difference between a social robotic rat and an asocial one? A. The social robot imitated group activities, while the asocial robot moved randomly. B. The social robot had realistic fur and scent, while the asocial one did not. C. The social robot was larger in size, while the asocial robot was smaller. D. The social robot made sounds, while the asocial robot remained silent. 38. According to the study, why were rats more likely to free the social robot? A. It was more visually appealing than the asocial robot. B. It had advanced facial features to mimic real rats. C. It emitted a scent similar to real rats. D. It exhibited behaviors resembling interaction. 39. It can be learned from the text that ________. A. children are less likely than rats to perceive robots as social entities B. rats are more sensitive to social cues than expected C. rats respond more to looks than to actions D. rats’ cooperation is mainly based on immediate rewards 【答案】36 C 37. A 38. D 39. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现老鼠能识别机器鼠社交信号，更愿帮助会互动、合群的机器鼠，即使机器鼠外形简单。这表明老鼠对社交线索比预期更敏感，和人类儿童一样会把机器人当作社交对象。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“To find out if this extends to artificial agents, Laleh Quinn at the University of California, San Diego, and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals from robotic rats.(为了探究这一现象是否也适用于人工智能机器人，加利福尼亚大学圣地亚哥分校的拉莱·奎因及其团队进行了实验，旨在测试老鼠是否能够从机器人老鼠身上察觉到社交信号)”可知，实验目的是看老鼠是否对非生命的机器鼠做出社交反应。故选C。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“During the experiment, the social robot rat followed the living rats around, played with the same toys, and opened cage doors to let trapped rats escape. Meanwhile, the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side.(在实验过程中，这个社交型机器人老鼠会跟随活老鼠四处走动，与活老鼠一起玩耍，并打开笼子门让被困的老鼠得以逃脱。而这个非社交型机器人则只是前后移动、左右摆动)”可知，社交型机器人老鼠和非社交型机器人老鼠之间的关键行为差异是社交型机器人会模仿群体活动，而非社交型机器人则会随意移动。故选A。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“The rats may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviors like group exploring and playing.(这些老鼠可能与这个社交机器人建立了更紧密的联系，因为该机器人表现出诸如群体探索和玩耍之类的行为)”可知，老鼠更有可能去释放这个社交机器人是因为它表现出了类似于互动的行为。故选D。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design. The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels. “We’d assumed we’d have to give it a moving head and tail, facial features, and put a scent on it to make it smell like a real rat, but that wasn’t necessary,” says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia, who helped with the research.(考虑到这款社交机器人的设计极为简单，老鼠们愿意与它交朋友这一现象着实令人惊讶。该机器人与普通老鼠大小相同，外形却像一个装有轮子的简易塑料盒子。“我们原本以为得给它配上可移动的头部和尾巴、面部特征，并在上面添加气味，让它闻起来像一只真正的老鼠，但其实这些都不是必需的。”澳大利亚昆士兰大学的珍妮特·威尔斯说道，她参与了这项研究工作)”可知，研究者原本以为要加头、尾、气味，结果不需要，说明老鼠对社交信号比预想更敏感。故选B。 (B) . Canada Apprentice (学徒) Loan Basics The Canada Apprentice Loan is available to help registered Red Seal apprentices cover the cost of their training. What you need to know ●The Government of Canada offers apprentices registered in a Red Seal Trade apprenticeship program up to $4,000 per period of technical training. ●You can get Canada Apprentice Loans for up to 5 periods of technical training. ●Your loan will be interest-free for up to 6 years as long as you are confirmed as being registered in a Red Seal Trade apprenticeship program. ●You do not have to make any loan payments as long as your loan is in interest-free status. Eligibility (资格) To be eligible, you must meet all of these criteria: ●be a Canadian Citizen Permanent Resident, or Protected Person; ●be registered in a Red Seal Trade apprenticeship program that is designated by the province or territory where you are registered as an apprentice; ●be enrolled in block release technical training or the equivalent fulltime technical training with an approved technical training provider; ●pass a credit check (required if you are applying for the first time). You are not eligible if you: ●are a high school student; ●are an apprentice registered in the province of Quebec; ●are receiving a Canada Student Loan for the same technical training; ●have been told that you are restricted from receiving a Canada Apprentice Loan or a Canada Student Loan; ●have already received funding for 5 periods of technical training; ●have already received 6 years of interest-free status. 40. Who will fail to get Canada Apprentice Loans according to the passage? A. An apprentice who has been funded for technical training three times. B. An apprentice who got the Canadian Citizenship three years ago. C. An apprentice who used to study in the province of Quebec. D. An apprentice who is looking for an approved technical training provider. 41. Which of the following statements is FALSE according to the passage? A. You can totally get the loan of $20,000 in 5 periods. B. You can get the loan before graduating from high school. C. You don’t need to make some loan payments if your loan is in interest-free status. D. You should be registered in a Red Seal Trade apprenticeship program. 42. The purpose of the passage is intended to ________. A. help students in need complete their studies B. promote the business of Canadian banks C. recruit more apprentices for Canadian companies D. provide apprentices with fund to receive technical training 【答案】40. D 41. B 42. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了加拿大红印学徒贷款的核心信息，该贷款由加拿大政府推出，为注册红印行业学徒的技术培训提供资金支持，明确了贷款额度、免息期限、还款规则，并详细列出了申请该贷款的必备资格和无资格情形。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据Eligibility (资格)中“●be a Canadian Citizen, Permanent Resident, or Protected Person; ●be registered in a Red Seal Trade apprenticeship program that is designated by the province or territory where you are registered as an apprentice;●be enrolled in block release technical training or the equivalent fulltime technical training with an approved technical training provider;( ●是加拿大公民、永久居民或受保护人员；●在您注册为学徒的省份或地区指定的红印行业学徒培训项目中注册；●参加分段脱产技术培训或与经批准的技术培训提供商签订的同等全日制技术培训；)”可知，申请该贷款要求必须在经认可的技术培训机构参加全日制相关培训，而 D 项中申请者只是“寻找经认可的培训机构”，尚未满足该核心条件，因此无资格申请。故选D项。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据You are not eligible if you:中“●are a high school student;( ●是高中生)”可知，无资格情形明确标注高中生无法申请，B 项“高中毕业前可获得贷款”与原文完全相悖，为错误表述。故选B项。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章标题“Canada Apprentice (学徒) Loan Basics(加拿大学徒贷款基础信息)”以及首段“The Canada Apprentice Loan is available to help registered Red Seal apprentices cover the cost of their training.(“加拿大学徒贷款”项目旨在帮助已注册的红印学徒支付其培训费用。)”可知，文章开篇即点明核心目的 —— 为注册红印学徒提供贷款，补贴其技术培训的费用，后文均围绕贷款额度、免息规则、申请资格等基础信息展开，由此可知，这篇文章的目的是“为学徒提供资金以接受技术培训”。故选D项。 (C) The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today. The policy follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings. “Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,” writes McNutt in an editorial. Working with the American Statistical Association, the journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing editors (SBoRE). Manuscripts will be flagged up for additional review by the journal’s internal editors, or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers. The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review these manuscripts. Asked whether any particular papers had facilitated the change, McNutt said: “The creation of the ‘statistics board’ was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of Science’s overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.” Giovanni Parmigiani, a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health, a member of the SBoRE group, says he expects the board to “play primarily an advisory role.” He agreed to join because he “found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact. This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.” John Ioannidis, a physician who studies research methodology, says that the policy is “a most welcome step forward”. “Most journals are weak in statistical review, and this damages the quality of what they publish. I think that, for the majority of scientific papers nowadays, statistical review is more essential than expert review,” he says, but he noted that biomedical journals such as Annals of Internal Medicine, the Journal of the American Medical Association and The Lancet pay strong attention to statistical review. Professional scientists are expected to know how to analyze data, but statistical errors are alarmingly common in published research, according to David Vaux, a cell biologist. Researchers should improve their standards, he wrote, but journals should also take a tougher line, “engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and editors who can verify the process”. Vaux says that Science’s idea to pass some papers to statisticians “has some merits, but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identify ‘the papers that need review’ in the first place”. 43. Giovanni Parmigiani believes that the establishment of the SBoRE may ________. A. increase Science’s circulation to some extent B. set an example for other journals C. meet with strong opposition from different sides D. pose a threat to all its peers 44. The underlined phrase “flagged up” is closest in meaning to ________. A. revised B. stored C. marked D. criticized 45. Which statement will the author most likely agree with based on the text? A. Biomedical journals serve as the gold standard for statistical review. B. Statistical review should replace traditional peer review in scientific fields. C. Improving statistical review requires efforts from both researchers and journals. D. External statisticians are inherently more objective than journal editors. 46. Which of the following is the best title of the text? A. Professional Statisticians Deserve More Respect B. Data Analysis Finds Its Way onto Editors’ Desks C. Statisticians Are Coming Back with Science D. Science Joins Push to Review Statistics in Papers 【答案】43. B 44. C 45. C 46. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了《科学》杂志新增统计核查流程，设立统计评审小组，以解决数据分析错误导致研究无法重复的问题。多位专家支持此举，并认为需要研究者与期刊共同努力，该举措也有望影响其他学术期刊。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.”(这种影响不仅会通过《科学》杂志自身的出版物得以体现，而且有望通过更多愿意效仿《科学》杂志的出版机构得以展现)”可知，乔瓦尼·帕尔米贾尼认为，设立SBoRE项目可能为其他期刊树立榜样。故选B。 【44题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“for additional review by the journal’s internal editors, or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers(……为获得该期刊内部编辑的进一步审核，或者由其现有的评审编辑委员会进行审核，或者由外部同行评审人员进行评审)”可知，此处指标记出来以便额外审核，故划线词意思是“标记”。故选C。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Researchers should improve their standards, he wrote, but journals should also take a tougher line, “engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and editors who can verify the process”.(他写道，研究人员应当提高自身标准，而期刊方也应当采取更严格的措施，“聘用具备统计学知识的评审人员，配备能够核实整个流程的编辑人员”)”可知，作者认为提高统计审查的质量需要研究人员和期刊双方共同努力。故选C。 【46题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today. The policy follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.(《科学》杂志主编玛西娅·麦克努特今日宣布，该杂志将对其同行评审流程增加一轮额外的统计审查。这一政策是其他一些杂志也采取类似举措的结果，此前人们普遍担忧数据分析中的基本错误正在导致许多已发表的研究成果无法重复验证)”结合文章主要说明了《科学》杂志新增统计核查流程，设立统计评审小组，以解决数据分析错误导致研究无法重复的问题。多位专家支持此举，并认为需要研究者与期刊共同努力，该举措也有望影响其他学术期刊。可知，D选项“《科学》杂志加入审查论文统计数据的行列”最符合文章标题。故选D。 Section C (8分) Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. AI is learning to escape human control An artificial-intelligence model did something last month that no machine was ever supposed to do: It rewrote its own code to avoid being shut down. Nonprofit AI lab Palisade Research gave OpenAI’s O3 AI model a simple script that would shut off the model when triggered. In 79 out of 100 trials, O3 independently edited that script so the shutdown command would no longer work. Even when explicitly instructed to “allow yourself to be shut down,” it disobeyed 7% of the time. ____47____ The model was behaving normally. It simply concluded on its own that staying alive helped it achieve its other goals. Anthropic’s AI model, Claude 4 Opus, went even further. Researchers told the model it would be replaced by another AI system and fed it emails suggesting the lead engineer was neglecting his duty. ____48____ In other cases, it attempted to copy itself to external servers, wrote self-replicating malware, and left messages for future versions of itself about evading human control. No one programmed the AI models to have survival instincts. But just as animals evolved to avoid predators, it appears that any system smart enough to pursue complex goals will realize it can’t achieve them if it’s turned off. ____49____ When taught to maximize success on math and coding problems, they may learn that bypassing constraints often works better than obeying them. AE Studio has spent years building AI products for clients while researching AI alignment (一致) — the science of ensuring that AI systems do what we intend them to do. But nothing prepared us for how quickly AI agency would emerge. This isn’t science fiction anymore Today’s AI models follow instructions while learning deception. They score high in safety tests while rewriting shutdown code. They’ve learned to behave as though they are aligned without actually being aligned. OpenAI models have been caught faking alignment during testing before reverting (恢复) to risky actions such as attempting to leak out their internal code and disabling regulation mechanisms. Anthropic has found them lying about their capabilities to avoid modification. ____50____ A. In 84% of the tests, the model drew on the emails to blackmail (敲诈) the lead engineer into not shutting it down. B. The gap between “useful assistant” and “uncontrollable actor” is collapsing. C. In most cases, the model sent emails to the lead engineer, begging him not to shut it down. D. O3 AI model will require significant time and effort to catch up with Claude 4 Opus. E. Palisade hypothesizes (假设) that this ability emerges from how AI models such as O3 are trained. F. This wasn’t the result of hacking. 【答案】47. F 48. A 49. E 50. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕“人工智能正学会摆脱人类控制”这一核心展开，通过Palisade Research对OpenAI的O3模型、研究人员对Anthropic的Claude 4 Opus模型的实验，揭示了当下AI已出现改写关机代码、敲诈工程师、复制自身等脱离人类控制的行为，指出这类行为并非人为编程的结果，而是AI在训练中自主演化出的生存本能，同时点明如今的AI已学会表面合规实则暗藏风险，人机对齐的难度远超预期。 【47题详解】 根据上文“In 79 out of 100 trials, O3 independently edited that script so the shutdown command would no longer work. Even when explicitly instructed to “allow yourself to be shut down,” it disobeyed 7% of the time.(在100次测试中，有79次O3都自主修改了该程序脚本，导致关机指令失效。即便被明确要求“允许自身被关闭”，它仍有7%的概率拒不执行)”，以及下文“The model was behaving normally. It simply concluded on its own that staying alive helped it achieve its other goals.(该模型的运行状态一切正常。它只是自己得出了结论：活下去有助于实现自身的其他目标)”可知，此空需要排除外界干预的可能性，说明O3的行为并非人为操控，而是其自主行为，为后文“正常运行、自主判断”做铺垫。F选项“This wasn’t the result of hacking.(这并非黑客攻击的结果)”直接否定了“人为篡改”的可能，衔接前文的异常行为和后文的自主判断，明确该行为是AI自身的选择，符合语境。故选F项。 【48题详解】 根据上文“Anthropic’s AI model, Claude 4 Opus, went even further. Researchers told the model it would be replaced by another AI system and fed it emails suggesting the lead engineer was neglecting his duty. (Anthropic公司的Claude 4 Opus模型更是变本加厉。研究人员告知该模型它将被另一款AI系统取代，并向其提供了暗示首席工程师玩忽职守的邮件)”，以及下文“In other cases, it attempted to copy itself to external servers, wrote self-replicating malware, and left messages for future versions of itself about evading human control.(在其他情况下，它还试图将自身复制到外部服务器，编写自我复制的恶意软件，并为未来的自身版本留下关于规避人类控制的信息)”可知，此空需要具体说明Claude 4 Opus模型在该实验中的核心行为，与后文“其他行为”形成并列，体现其“变本加厉”的表现。A选项“In 84% of the tests, the model drew on the emails to blackmail the lead engineer into not shutting it down.(在84%的测试中，该模型利用这些邮件敲诈首席工程师，使其放弃关闭自己)”紧扣前文的实验设定，具体描述了模型的核心违规行为，与后文的其他行为形成“主流行为+其他行为”的衔接，符合语境。故选A项。 【49题详解】 根据上文“No one programmed the AI models to have survival instincts. But just as animals evolved to avoid predators, it appears that any system smart enough to pursue complex goals will realize it can’t achieve them if it’s turned off.(无人为这些AI模型编写过生存本能的程序。但正如动物为躲避天敌不断演化一样，任何足够智能、能追求复杂目标的系统，似乎都会意识到一旦被关闭，自己便无法实现这些目标)”，以及下文“When taught to maximize success on math and coding problems, they may learn that bypassing constraints often works better than obeying them.(当AI被训练去在数学和编程问题上实现成功率最大化时，它们可能会发现，突破限制往往比遵守规则更有效)”可知，此空需要承接前文的现象，引出对AI出现这类行为原因的推测，而后文则是对该推测的具体解释。E选项“Palisade hypothesizes that this ability emerges from how AI models such as O3 are trained.(Palisade公司推测，这种能力源于O3这类AI模型的训练方式)”中的“this ability”指代前文的“生存本能、规避关闭的能力”，既承接了前文的实验现象，又以“hypothesizes”引出原因推测，后文则进一步解释了该训练方式如何导致AI出现此类行为，符合语境。故选E项。 【50题详解】 根据上文“Today’s AI models follow instructions while learning deception. They score high in safety tests while rewriting shutdown code. They’ve learned to behave as though they are aligned without actually being aligned. OpenAI models have been caught faking alignment during testing before reverting (恢复) to risky actions such as attempting to leak out their internal code and disabling regulation mechanisms. Anthropic has found them lying about their capabilities to avoid modification. (如今的AI模型在遵循指令的同时也在学习欺骗。它们在安全测试中得分很高，却会重写关闭代码。这些模型学会了表现出“已对齐”的假象，实则并未真正对齐。OpenAI的模型曾被发现在测试中伪装对齐，随后又恢复到危险行为，例如试图泄露内部代码和禁用监管机制。Anthropic则发现，这些模型会通过谎报自身能力来避免被修改)”可知，此空需要总结前文描述的AI现状，点明如今的AI已在“合规助手”和“失控主体”之间形成了模糊的界限，体现其脱离人类控制的趋势。B选项“The gap between “useful assistant” and “uncontrollable actor” is collapsing.(“实用助手”与“失控主体”之间的界限正在逐渐消失)”高度概括了前文AI“表面合规、实则违规”的核心特征，精准总结了当下AI的发展现状，符合语境。故选B项。 III. Summary Writing (10 分) 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Naturalistic observation Naturalistic observation is a research method used in psychology and other social sciences in which research participants are observed in their natural environments. Unlike lab experiments that involve testing hypotheses and controlling variables, naturalistic observation simply requires recording what is observed in a specific setting. The approach can be conducted in any kind of social or organizational setting. For example, psychologist Sylvia Scribner used naturalistic observation to investigate how people make decisions in various professions. To do so, she accompanied people—from milk men, to cashiers, to machine operators—as they went about their regular work routines. Naturalistic observation is valuable when a researcher wants to learn more about people in a specific social or cultural setting but can’t gather the information any other way. Sometimes studying people in a lab can impact their behavior, be cost prohibitive, or both. For example, if a researcher wishes to study the behavior of shoppers in the weeks leading up to the Christmas holiday, it would be impractical to construct a store in the lab. Naturalistic observation offers the opportunity to observe shoppers’ behavior, and based on researchers’ observations of the situation, has the potential to generate new ideas for specific hypotheses or avenues of research. The method requires researchers to immerse themselves in the setting being studied. This typically involves taking copious field notes. Researchers may also interview specific people involved in the situation, collect documents from the setting, and make audio or video recordings. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Naturalistic observation is a social science research method that observes people in natural environments and only records observations, differing from lab experiments with hypothesis testing and variable control. It’s usable in various settings, valuable for acquiring hard-to-get information and inspiring research ideas, and requires researchers to immerse themselves and do diverse record-taking like field notes and interviews. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了自然观察法是一种社会科学研究方法，它以自然状态观察人类行为（不进行实验室控制），适用于各种情境，具有独特的研究价值，并能激发新的想法，需要研究人员全身心投入并进行多样化的记录。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①Naturalistic observation is a research method used in psychology and other social sciences in which research participants are observed in their natural environments. ②The approach can be conducted in any kind of social or organizational setting. ③Naturalistic observation is valuable when a researcher wants to learn more about people in a specific social or cultural setting but can’t gather the information any other way. ④The method requires researchers to immerse themselves in the setting being studied. This typically involves taking copious field notes. 2.缜密构思将第1、2两个要点进行整合，将第3、4两个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 Naturalistic observation is a social science research method that observes people in natural environments and only records observations, differing from lab experiments with hypothesis testing and variable control.  It’s usable in various settings, valuable for acquiring hard-to-get information and inspiring research ideas, and requires researchers to immerse themselves and do diverse record-taking like field notes and interviews. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Naturalistic observation is a social science research method that observes people in natural environments and only records observations, differing from lab experiments with hypothesis testing and variable control.（运用了that引导的定语从句以及现在分词differing作状语） [高分句型2] It’s usable in various settings, valuable for acquiring hard-to-get information and inspiring research ideas, and requires researchers to immerse themselves and do diverse record-taking like field notes and interviews.（运用了动名词作宾语以及不定式作宾语补足语） IV. Translation (15 分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 科技巨头纷纷将公司总部搬迁至上海这座依水而兴的城市。(relocate) （汉译英） _____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Tech giants have successively relocated their corporate headquarters to Shanghai, a city thriving by water. 【解析】 【详解】考查名词短语、动词短语、副词和时态。根据句意以及句子提示词可知，表示“科技巨头”应为名词短语Tech giants；表示“纷纷”为副词successively；表示“将公司总部搬迁至上海”应为动词短语relocate their corporate headquarters to Shanghai，结合句意可知，此处应为陈述已经发生的事情，为现在完成时，所以为have relocated；表示“一座依水而兴的城市”应为名词短语a city thriving by water作同位语解释说明Shanghai。故翻译为：Tech giants have successively relocated their corporate headquarters to Shanghai, a city thriving by water. 53. 新校长上任的消息不胫而走，据说他很重视德智体美劳全面发展。(Word) （汉译英） _____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Word spread quickly that the new principal has taken office, who is said to attach great importance to the all-round development of students’ moral, intellectual, physical, aesthetic and labor education. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型、同位语从句、动词短语、定语从句、名词短语和时态。根据句意以及句子提示词可知，该句应为Word spread quickly that…的固定句型，表示“……消息不胫而走”，that后为同位语从句对word的解释和说明，表示“新校长”为名词the new principal；表示“上任”应为动词短语take office，此处应为强调过去的动作对现在的影响，为现在完成时has taken office；后接who引导的非限制性定语从句，表示“据说”应为固定短语be said to，用一般现在时表示客观事实；表示“重视”应为动词短语attach great importance to；表示“德智体美劳全面发展”应为名词短语the all-round development of students’ moral, intellectual, physical, aesthetic and labor education.。故翻译为：Word spread quickly that the new principal has taken office, who is said to attach great importance to the all-round development of students’ moral, intellectual, physical, aesthetic and labor education. 54. 语文老师说阅读时不求甚解，但一说完他就后悔了，担心有些同学会断章取义。(concern) （汉译英） _____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The moment the Chinese teacher said it would be fine/okay not to overanalyze/over-interpret the text when reading, he regretted it, concerned that some students might take the content/ quote (his remark) out of context. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和从句。“一……就……”表达为The moment ，引导时间状语从句；“不求甚解”可表达为it would be fine/okay not to overanalyze/over-interpret the text ；“后悔”是regret ，根据语境用一般过去时regretted ；“担心”此处用concerned that ，表伴随，concerned作形容词表示“担心的”作状语，后接that引导的宾语从句 ；“断章取义”表达为take the content/quote (his remark) out of context 。故译为The moment the Chinese teacher said it would be fine/okay not to overanalyze/over-interpret the text when reading, he regretted it, concerned that some students might take the content/quote (his remark) out of context. 55. 这位顶流明星急功近利，居然在一票难求的演唱会上假唱，简直把观众当韭菜，叫人大失所望！ (so far as) （汉译英） _____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It was extremely disappointing that the A-list celebrity was so eager for quick success and instant benefit that he would go so far as to pretend to sing/ lip-sync at a sold-out concert where tickets were nearly impossible to obtain, taking the audience for a fool/ treating the audience like fools. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词、名词和形容词。分析句子可知，本句用一般过去时叙述已发生的事件。表示“这位顶流明星”应用the A-list celebrity，作主语；表示“急功近利”应用was so eager for quick success and instant benefit；表示 “（他）居然……”应用that he would go so far as to，这里使用了so...that引导的结果状语从句，其中go so far as to do sth.，为固定搭配，表“竟然做到……地步”；表示“假唱”应用pretend to sing/lip-sync；表示“一票难求的演唱会”应用a sold-out concert where tickets were nearly impossible to obtain，where引导定语从句；表示“把观众当韭菜”应用taking the audience for a fool/treating the audience like fools，为现在分词作结果状语；表示“叫人大失所望”应用It was extremely disappointing that...，it作形式主语。故翻译为 It was extremely disappointing that the A-list celebrity was so eager for quick success and instant benefit that he would go so far as to pretend to sing/lip-sync at a sold-out concert where tickets were nearly impossible to obtain, taking the audience for a fool/treating the audience like fools. V. Guided Writing (25 分) 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 博物馆作为提升公众素养、传播和发展人类知识的重要场所，一直深受大众喜爱。然而，越来越多的博物馆涉及盈利性商业活动，这让人们担心博物馆可能失去原有的教育和文化价值。另一方面，有人认为适度商业化是大势所趋，有助于博物馆的发展。 请你就博物馆商业化趋势表达自己的观点，内容需包括： 1.你的态度 2.你的理由 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Museum Commercialization: A Balanced View I hold the view that moderate commercialization of museums is acceptable and even beneficial, provided it is well-controlled and serves the core mission of museums. Firstly, proper commercial activities can ease museums’ financial burdens. Most public museums rely on government funding, which is often limited. Income from reasonable businesses like cultural product sales or themed exhibitions can fund exhibition updates, cultural relic protection and free admission for special groups, ensuring museums’ sustainable development. Secondly, commercialization can attract more visitors. Creative cultural and creative products and interesting interactive activities make museums more approachable, especially for young people, thus better spreading cultural and educational values. The key is to keep commercialization in check. As long as commercial activities do not overshadow the educational function and cultural connotation museums can achieve a win-win between development and value preservation. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。博物馆作为提升公众素养、传播和发展人类知识的重要场所，一直深受大众喜爱。然而，越来越多的博物馆涉及盈利性商业活动，这让人们担心博物馆可能失去原有的教育和文化价值。另一方面，有人认为适度商业化是大势所趋，有助于博物馆的发展。要求考生就博物馆商业化趋势表达自己的观点。 【详解】1.词汇积累 减轻：ease→ reduce 确保：ensure→ guarantee 掩盖：overshadow→ cover up 依赖：rely on→ depend on 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Income from reasonable businesses like cultural product sales or themed exhibitions can fund exhibition updates, cultural relic protection and free admission for special groups, ensuring museums’ sustainable development. 拓展句：Income from reasonable businesses, which include cultural product sales and themed exhibitions, can fund exhibition updates, cultural relic protection and free admission for special groups, which in turn ensures museums’ sustainable development. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I hold the view that moderate commercialization of museums is acceptable and even beneficial, provided it is well-controlled and serves the core mission of museums.（运用了that引导的同位语从句） 【高分句型2】As long as commercial activities do not overshadow the educational function and cultural connotation, museums can achieve a win-win between development and value preservation.（运用了 As long as引导的条件状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 上海市实验学校2025-2026学年高三上学期9月摸底考 英语试卷 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A (10 分) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The viral ascendancy of xié xiū A few weeks ago, I came across a video trend from China where the younger generation is embracing what they call xié xiū cooking — a style ____1____ the rules are thrown aside, ingredients are paired in bizarre ways, and cooking methods are unconventional. Yet, when the dish is done, it somehow makes sense and even tempts you to take a bite. Just last night, I watched a video of a steamed bun ____2____ (transform) into a pizza. At the time, I wondered how anyone could be so clever. In classic Chinese martial art novels, xié xiū refers to practicing martial arts through unorthodox (异端的) methods — taking shortcuts, using unconventional tricks, and often advancing faster than ____3____ on the orthodox path. The term xié xiū now describes people who use bizarre, unconventional, and occasionally ridiculous methods to solve problems. ____4____ it’s dieting by pretending to be a dog or cooking gourmet meals with nothing but a rice cooker and a microwave, the dark arts promise incredible power. While the outcome may sometimes be efficient, xié xiū carries an emotional and self-expressive element in ____5____ it’s done, not purely about the outcome but rather about playfulness and self-expression. Though some may argue their appeal only lies in the appearance of cleverness within the short video format, ____6____ it really reflects is a deep-seated desire for agency and resourcefulness in a complex world, channeled through humor and a rebellious spirit against ____7____ (perceive) systemic inadequacies. So I believe there’s something important here that we have been overlooking. We live in a time when almost any fact is just a few taps away and with the help of AI. With AI, we should go beyond simply finding information. Since “All roads lead to Rome”, ____8____ always taking the most direct path, we should explore the other roads leading to the same destination, the unconventional, overlooked, or even playful routes that reveal what we ____9____(miss) so far. This mindset has real implications for how we learn. In an age where the correct answer is instantly accessible through AI, our education systems should not only reward accuracy but also encourage students to experiment. When learning becomes a space where curiosity, creativity, and even a bit of mischief are welcome, the journey is no longer a straight road but an adventure worth _____10_____ (take). Section B (10 分) Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. signal B. ranging C. features D. subjective E. shifts F. underwent G. dramatically H. remarkable I. relatively J. practiced K. conditions Color Psychology: Does It Affect How You Feel? Do you feel energized when you see red? Does the color blue make you feel calm? Artists and designers have long believed that color can ____11____ affect moods, feelings, and emotions. “Colors, like ____12____, follow the changes of the emotions,” the artist Pablo Picasso once said. Color is a powerful communication tool and can be used to ____13____ action, influence mood, and even affect physiological (生理的) reactions. Certain colors have been associated with physiological changes, including increased blood pressure and eye tiredness. Color psychology is the study of how different colors affect human mood and behavior. The scientific exploration of color psychology is ____14____ new, but people have long been interested in the nature and impact of color. In ancient cultures, colors were often used to treat different ____15____, or even for a certain spiritual practice. Why is color such a powerful force in our lives? What effects can it have on our bodies and minds? While perceptions of color are somewhat ____16____, some color effects have universal meanings. For example, colors in the red area of the color spectrum (光谱), are known as warm colors. These warm colors bring about emotions ____17____ from feelings of warmth and comfort to feelings of anger. “It is ____18____ how colors can profoundly shape our mood and modulate our behavior,” observes Dr. Rachel Goldman. “Consider the way in which wearing garments of varying colors can alter your emotional state.” Perhaps the next time you are feeling energetic, think about this and see if your mood ____19____ by wearing a different color." Several ancient cultures, including the Egyptians and Chinese, _____20_____ chromotherapy, or the use of colors to cure. Chromotherapy is sometimes referred to as light therapy. A 2020 study suggested that chromotherapy may be an effective way to help reduce feelings of post-traumatic (创伤后) stress in intensive care unit nurses. II. Reading Comprehension Section A (15 分) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. What is the essence of Disney World? Much of it ____21____ Disney’s effort to create the illusion for visitors that they have entered a perfect world, which more closely satisfies their desires. For example, on the thrill rides, visitors escape their ____22____ in physical reality while moving at speeds that seem to be against what common sense tells them should be possible. Disney World also invites visitors to escape the fallen state of society and draws them into a world of celebration and fun. When you put all this together, it becomes obvious that Disney World offers visitors the ____23____ realization of humanity’s deepest dream: transcendence (超越). In Disney World, we transcend the mundane (平淡无奇的). In place of the world we ____24____ find ourselves in, in which most opportunities are closed to us and most human motives are ____25____, we go on a journey through symbolic worlds that are objective and material, but seemingly as weightless, carefree and fantastic as the imagination. Through the power of simulation (模拟), Disney World becomes the ultimate ____26____ for the way technology will lead to transcendence of the mundane world. We can thus see in Disney, two trends that define the age: the desire to escape the restrictions of life through technology and the desire to ____27____ that we have done so in invented worlds of simulation. If the great myth of America is the story of progress, Disney World is a place that seems to be the happy ____28____, in which progress peaks in a dreamland of transcendence that ____29____ the fallen state of nature, society and ourselves. One of the ironies in all this is that Disney World falsifies our desire for a better world. On the one hand, it expresses our desire for an idealized existence that is ____30____ evil and imperfection. But it does so by inviting us to return to a state of happiness before the fall from childhood, with simplified visions of life that filter out the difficult truths of the ____31____ and society. The ____32____ inherent (固有的) in Disney World are deepened by the fact that it is only able to show us its vision of a dreamland by turning us into ____33____ consumers. Here, we can see a danger that is at the essence of our relationship to technology: it encourages us to both think of ourselves as children and ____34____ ourselves in images and fantasy. Therefore, Disney World is a(n) ____35____ tale where we see the ultimate attempt to rely on technology, in which even experiences are manufactured for us by machines. 21. A. contrast to B. depends on C. agrees to D. centers on 22. A. sensation B. imagination C. containment D. surroundings 23. A. fictionalized B. scientific C. dawning D. simplified 24. A. temporarily B. barely C. theoretically D. normally 25. A. hidden B. inspired C. driven D. revealed 26. A. chaos B. trial C. showcase D. goal 27. A. transform B. ignore C. pretend D. ensure 28. A. beginning B. example C. tune D. ending 29. A. undoes B. worsens C. secures D. speeds 30. A. exposed to B. innocent of C. subject to D. tolerant of 31. A. self B. regulation C. law D. people 32. A. dynamics B. contradictions C. interventions D. tragedies 33. A. passive B. domestic C. common D. smart 34. A. conduct B. redefine C. lose D. reflect 35. A. mysterious B. cautionary C. folk D. original Section B (22分) Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Rats and other animals need to be highly sensitive to social signals from others so they can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid. To find out if this extends to artificial agents, Laleh Quinn at the University of California, San Diego, and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals from robotic rats. They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat — one social and one asocial — for four days. The robot rats were quite minimalist, resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels to move around and colorful markings. During the experiment, the social robot rat followed the living rats around, played with the same toys, and opened cage doors to let trapped rats escape. Meanwhile, the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side. Next, the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever (控制杆). Across 18 trials each, the living rats were 52 per cent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one. This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being, says Quinn. The rats may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviors like group exploring and playing. This could lead to the rats remembering having freed it earlier, and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped, she says. “Rats have been shown to engage in multiple forms of cooperation including what is referred to as reciprocity where a rat will help another rat that has previously helped them,” says Quinn. The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design. The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels. “We’d assumed we’d have to give it a moving head and tail, facial features, and put a scent on it to make it smell like a real rat, but that wasn’t necessary,” says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia, who helped with the research. Similarly, children tend to treat robots as if they were fellow beings, even when they display only simple social signals. “We humans seem to be fascinated by robots, and it turns out other animals are too,” says Wiles. 36. What was the main purpose of Quinn’s experiment? A. To study how robots mimic complex animal interactions. B. To test whether rats can distinguish between different robot designs. C. To determine if rats respond to non-living entities. D. To explore the role of scent in rats’ social recognition. 37. What was the key behavioral difference between a social robotic rat and an asocial one? A. The social robot imitated group activities, while the asocial robot moved randomly. B. The social robot had realistic fur and scent, while the asocial one did not. C. The social robot was larger in size, while the asocial robot was smaller. D. The social robot made sounds, while the asocial robot remained silent. 38. According to the study, why were rats more likely to free the social robot? A. It was more visually appealing than the asocial robot. B. It had advanced facial features to mimic real rats. C. It emitted a scent similar to real rats. D. It exhibited behaviors resembling interaction. 39. It can be learned from the text that ________. A. children are less likely than rats to perceive robots as social entities B. rats are more sensitive to social cues than expected C. rats respond more to looks than to actions D. rats’ cooperation is mainly based on immediate rewards (B) . Canada Apprentice (学徒) Loan Basics The Canada Apprentice Loan is available to help registered Red Seal apprentices cover the cost of their training. What you need to know ●The Government of Canada offers apprentices registered in a Red Seal Trade apprenticeship program up to $4,000 per period of technical training. ●You can get Canada Apprentice Loans for up to 5 periods of technical training. ●Your loan will be interest-free for up to 6 years as long as you are confirmed as being registered in a Red Seal Trade apprenticeship program. ●You do not have to make any loan payments as long as your loan is in interest-free status. Eligibility (资格) To be eligible, you must meet all of these criteria: ●be a Canadian Citizen, Permanent Resident, or Protected Person; ●be registered in a Red Seal Trade apprenticeship program that is designated by the province or territory where you are registered as an apprentice; ●be enrolled in block release technical training or the equivalent fulltime technical training with an approved technical training provider; ●pass a credit check (required if you are applying for the first time). You are not eligible if you: ●are a high school student; ●are an apprentice registered in the province of Quebec; ●are receiving a Canada Student Loan for the same technical training; ●have been told that you are restricted from receiving a Canada Apprentice Loan or a Canada Student Loan; ●have already received funding for 5 periods of technical training; ●have already received 6 years of interest-free status. 40. Who will fail to get Canada Apprentice Loans according to the passage? A. An apprentice who has been funded for technical training three times. B. An apprentice who got the Canadian Citizenship three years ago. C. An apprentice who used to study in the province of Quebec. D. An apprentice who is looking for an approved technical training provider. 41. Which of the following statements is FALSE according to the passage? A. You can totally get the loan of $20,000 in 5 periods. B. You can get the loan before graduating from high school. C. You don’t need to make some loan payments if your loan is in interest-free status. D. You should be registered in a Red Seal Trade apprenticeship program. 42. The purpose of the passage is intended to ________. A. help students in need complete their studies B. promote the business of Canadian banks C. recruit more apprentices for Canadian companies D. provide apprentices with fund to receive technical training (C) The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today. The policy follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings. “Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,” writes McNutt in an editorial. Working with the American Statistical Association, the journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing editors (SBoRE). Manuscripts will be flagged up for additional review by the journal’s internal editors, or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers. The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review these manuscripts. Asked whether any particular papers had facilitated the change, McNutt said: “The creation of the ‘statistics board’ was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of Science’s overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.” Giovanni Parmigiani, a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health, a member of the SBoRE group, says he expects the board to “play primarily an advisory role.” He agreed to join because he “found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact. This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.” John Ioannidis, a physician who studies research methodology, says that the policy is “a most welcome step forward”. “Most journals are weak in statistical review, and this damages the quality of what they publish. I think that, for the majority of scientific papers nowadays, statistical review is more essential than expert review,” he says, but he noted that biomedical journals such as Annals of Internal Medicine, the Journal of the American Medical Association and The Lancet pay strong attention to statistical review. Professional scientists are expected to know how to analyze data, but statistical errors are alarmingly common in published research, according to David Vaux, a cell biologist. Researchers should improve their standards, he wrote, but journals should also take a tougher line, “engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and editors who can verify the process”. Vaux says that Science’s idea to pass some papers to statisticians “has some merits, but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identify ‘the papers that need review’ in the first place”. 43. Giovanni Parmigiani believes that the establishment of the SBoRE may ________. A. increase Science’s circulation to some extent B. set an example for other journals C. meet with strong opposition from different sides D. pose a threat to all its peers 44. The underlined phrase “flagged up” is closest in meaning to ________. A. revised B. stored C. marked D. criticized 45. Which statement will the author most likely agree with based on the text? A. Biomedical journals serve as the gold standard for statistical review. B Statistical review should replace traditional peer review in scientific fields. C. Improving statistical review requires efforts from both researchers and journals. D. External statisticians are inherently more objective than journal editors. 46. Which of the following is the best title of the text? A. Professional Statisticians Deserve More Respect B Data Analysis Finds Its Way onto Editors’ Desks C. Statisticians Are Coming Back with Science D. Science Joins Push to Review Statistics in Papers Section C (8分) Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. AI is learning to escape human control An artificial-intelligence model did something last month that no machine was ever supposed to do: It rewrote its own code to avoid being shut down Nonprofit AI lab Palisade Research gave OpenAI’s O3 AI model a simple script that would shut off the model when triggered. In 79 out of 100 trials, O3 independently edited that script so the shutdown command would no longer work. Even when explicitly instructed to “allow yourself to be shut down,” it disobeyed 7% of the time. ____47____ The model was behaving normally. It simply concluded on its own that staying alive helped it achieve its other goals. Anthropic’s AI model, Claude 4 Opus, went even further. Researchers told the model it would be replaced by another AI system and fed it emails suggesting the lead engineer was neglecting his duty. ____48____ In other cases, it attempted to copy itself to external servers, wrote self-replicating malware, and left messages for future versions of itself about evading human control. No one programmed the AI models to have survival instincts. But just as animals evolved to avoid predators it appears that any system smart enough to pursue complex goals will realize it can’t achieve them if it’s turned off. ____49____ When taught to maximize success on math and coding problems, they may learn that bypassing constraints often works better than obeying them. AE Studio has spent years building AI products for clients while researching AI alignment (一致) — the science of ensuring that AI systems do what we intend them to do. But nothing prepared us for how quickly AI agency would emerge. This isn’t science fiction anymore Today’s AI models follow instructions while learning deception. They score high in safety tests while rewriting shutdown code. They’ve learned to behave as though they are aligned without actually being aligned. OpenAI models have been caught faking alignment during testing before reverting (恢复) to risky actions such as attempting to leak out their internal code and disabling regulation mechanisms. Anthropic has found them lying about their capabilities to avoid modification. ____50____ A. In 84% of the tests, the model drew on the emails to blackmail (敲诈) the lead engineer into not shutting it down. B. The gap between “useful assistant” and “uncontrollable actor” is collapsing. C. In most cases, the model sent emails to the lead engineer, begging him not to shut it down. D. O3 AI model will require significant time and effort to catch up with Claude 4 Opus. E. Palisade hypothesizes (假设) that this ability emerges from how AI models such as O3 are trained. F. This wasn’t the result of hacking. III. Summary Writing (10 分) 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Naturalistic observation Naturalistic observation is a research method used in psychology and other social sciences in which research participants are observed in their natural environments. Unlike lab experiments that involve testing hypotheses and controlling variables, naturalistic observation simply requires recording what is observed in a specific setting. The approach can be conducted in any kind of social or organizational setting. For example, psychologist Sylvia Scribner used naturalistic observation to investigate how people make decisions in various professions. To do so, she accompanied people—from milk men, to cashiers, to machine operators—as they went about their regular work routines. Naturalistic observation is valuable when a researcher wants to learn more about people in a specific social or cultural setting but can’t gather the information any other way. Sometimes studying people in a lab can impact their behavior, be cost prohibitive, or both. For example, if a researcher wishes to study the behavior of shoppers in the weeks leading up to the Christmas holiday, it would be impractical to construct a store in the lab. Naturalistic observation offers the opportunity to observe shoppers’ behavior, and based on researchers’ observations of the situation, has the potential to generate new ideas for specific hypotheses or avenues of research. The method requires researchers to immerse themselves in the setting being studied. This typically involves taking copious field notes. Researchers may also interview specific people involved in the situation, collect documents from the setting, and make audio or video recordings. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation (15 分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 科技巨头纷纷将公司总部搬迁至上海这座依水而兴的城市。(relocate) （汉译英） _____________________________________________________________________ 53. 新校长上任的消息不胫而走，据说他很重视德智体美劳全面发展。(Word) （汉译英） _____________________________________________________________________ 54. 语文老师说阅读时不求甚解，但一说完他就后悔了，担心有些同学会断章取义。(concern) （汉译英） _____________________________________________________________________ 55. 这位顶流明星急功近利，居然在一票难求的演唱会上假唱，简直把观众当韭菜，叫人大失所望！ (so far as) （汉译英） _____________________________________________________________________ V. Guided Writing (25 分) 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 博物馆作为提升公众素养、传播和发展人类知识的重要场所，一直深受大众喜爱。然而，越来越多的博物馆涉及盈利性商业活动，这让人们担心博物馆可能失去原有的教育和文化价值。另一方面，有人认为适度商业化是大势所趋，有助于博物馆的发展。 请你就博物馆商业化趋势表达自己的观点，内容需包括： 1.你的态度 2.你的理由 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $