Unit 1 词汇练习-2025-2026学年沪教版英语八年级下册

Unit 1 词汇练习 基础层 一、根据首字母或汉语提示写出正确单词 1. We need to r______ money for the children in poor areas.（筹集） 2. You must ask for p______ before using the school’s equipment.（许可） 3. We should be kind to the d______ and help them live better lives.（残疾的） 4. Many villagers s______ from hunger and cold in winter.（遭受） 5. The old man has been suffering from a serious i______ for years.（疾病） 6. They plan to o______ a charity party to help those in need.（组织） 7. She felt l______ after her friends moved to another city.（孤独的） 8. The little boy cried in p______ after hurting his knee.（疼痛） 9. He tried his best to e______ his thanks to the volunteers.（表达） 10. I have some d______ in learning English grammar.（困难） 二、短语互译 1. 照顾；照料__________ 2. 筹集善款__________ 3. 遭受；受折磨__________ 4. 情绪高涨__________ 5. 做某事有困难__________ 6. 鼓励某人做某事__________ 7. 主动提出做某事__________ 8. because of__________ 9. in need__________ 10. raise one’s spirits__________ 三、单项选择 1. My classmates and I decided to ______ money for the homeless people. A. rise B. raise C. rise up D. raise up 2. She didn’t go to school ______ her illness. A. because B. because of C. so D. since 3. The old man lives ______ in the countryside, but he doesn’t feel ______. A. alone; lonely B. lonely; alone C. alone; alone D. lonely; lonely 4. Our teacher often encourages us ______ more time reading. A. spend B. to spend C. spending D. spent 5. I have some difficulty ______ this math problem. A. solve B. solving C. to solve D. solved 提升层 一、词性转换 1. It’s our duty to help the ______ (disable) around us.（形容词变名词） 2. The ______ (organize) of the charity event did a great job.（动词变名词） 3. Her ______ (encourage) gave me the courage to keep going.（动词变名词） 4. The ______ (die) of his pet dog made him very sad.（动词变名词） 5. He expressed his ______ (thank) to the volunteers who helped him.（动词变名词） 6. The little girl has a ______ (pain) experience of losing her parents.（名词变形容词） 7. We should show kindness to those in ______ (difficult).（形容词变名词） 8. The ______ (permit) from the headmaster is necessary for this activity.（动词变名词） 二、易混词辨析 1. The sun ______ (rise/raise) in the east every morning.（不及物动词vs及物动词） 2. He ______ (rise/raise) his hand to ask the teacher a question.（不及物动词vs及物动词） 3. She didn’t come to school ______ (because/because of) her illness.（接句子vs接短语） 4. The new coat ______ (cost/spend) me 200 yuan.（主语为物vs主语为人） 5. It ______ (took/spent) him half an hour to walk to school.（固定句型vs普通搭配） 6. He spent two hours ______ (on/in) reading books.（spend固定搭配辨析） 三、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. She offered ______ (help) the old man carry his bags.（offer to do 固定搭配） 2. My parents permitted me ______ (join) the volunteer club.（permit sb. to do 固定搭配） 3. It’s important for us ______ (show) respect to the disabled.（不定式作真正主语） 4. They ______ (organize) a book fair next week to raise money.（一般将来时） 5. He ______ (suffer) from a bad cold for three days.（现在完成时） 6. The teacher encouraged us ______ (express) our opinions freely.（encourage sb. to do 固定搭配） 7. I found it difficult ______ (finish) the task alone.（不定式作宾语补足语） 8. We ______ (spend) a lot of time preparing for the charity party last month.（一般过去时） 四、完成句子 1. 他主动提出帮助那些需要帮助的孩子。（offer to do；in need） He ______ ______ ______ the children ______ ______. 2. 由于天气不好，我们不得不取消慈善活动。（because of） We had to cancel the charity activity ______ ______ the bad weather. 3. 我在学习英语方面有一些困难。（have difficulty in doing） I ______ ______ ______ ______ English. 4. 老师鼓励我们多参加志愿活动。（encourage sb. to do；take part in） The teacher ______ us ______ ______ ______ more volunteer activities. 5. 筹集资金帮助残疾人是我们的责任。（raise money；it’s one’s duty to do） ______ ______ ______ to help the disabled is our duty. 6. 她花了一整天时间组织这场书展。（spend...doing；organize） She ______ the whole day ______ ______ the book fair. 参考答案 基础层 一、根据首字母或汉语提示写单词 1.raise 2. permission 3. disabled 4. suffer 5. illness 6.organize 7. lonely 8. pain 9. express 10. difficulty 二、短语互译 1.look after / care for / take care of 2. raise money 3. suffer from 4. be in high spirits 5.have difficulty (in) doing sth. 6. encourage sb. to do sth. 7. offer to do sth. 8.因为；由于 9. 需要帮助的 10. 使振奋；鼓起勇气 三、单项选择 1. B 解析：raise money 是教材重点短语“筹集资金”；rise 是不及物动词，无“筹集”含义，故选B 2. B 解析：because of 后接名词/短语，because 后接句子，“her illness” 是名词短语，故选B 3. A 解析：alone 强调客观“独自”，lonely 强调主观“孤独的”，“独自居住但不感到孤独”符合语境，故选A 4. B 解析：encourage sb. to do sth. 是教材核心固定搭配“鼓励某人做某事”，故选B 5. B 解析：have difficulty (in) doing sth. 是教材重点短语“做某事有困难”，故选B 提升层 一、词性转换 1.disabled 2. organization 3. encouragement 4. death 5. thanks 6.painful 7. difficulty 8. permission 二、易混词辨析 1.rises 2. raised 3. because of 4. cost 5. took 6. in 三、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.to help 2. to join 3. to show 4. will organize 5. has suffered 6.to express 7. to finish 8. spent 四、完成句子 1. offered to help；in need 2. because of 3. have some difficulty in learning 4. encourages；to take part in 5. To raise money 6. spent；in organizing 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $