Unit5 Grammar课件 2025-2026学年沪教版英语八年级下册

A Using it as an empty subject (1) We can use “It is + adjective + to + verb” to express our feelings or attitudes towards different activities. (from 7AU3) It is exciting to take a trip in the countryside in springtime. It is sunny today. I’m hot and thirsty. It is nice to eat ice cream on a hot day. It is cool and dry today. It is fun to collect autumn leaves in different shapes. It is cold today. It is fun to play in the snow. empty subject Presentation To take a trip in the countryside in springtime is exciting. A Using it as an empty subject (1) Present–Observe–Analyse–Summarize There are more and more people on this planet, and this is harming the environment. It is not easy for many animal species to survive. I once watched a video about illegal hunting. In the video, some hunters killed a tiger. It was very cruel of them to do so. What is worse, those people also make a lot of money from this. I think it is wrong of them to sell products made from animals in danger. It is important for us to protect nature. My friend and I have joined a local environmental group. This weekend, we will collect money for a wildlife charity. My uncle has offered to drive us to the event. It is very kind of him to help! 1. What does “it” refer to? empty subject Presentation A Using it as an empty subject (1) It is not easy for many animal species to survive. It is important for us to protect nature. It was very cruel of some hunters to do so. It is wrong of some hunters to sell products made from animals in danger. It is very kind of my uncle to help! 2. Who does the action? 3. What does the adjective do in the sentence? Does it modify the verb or describe a person? Many animal species survive. Modifying the verb Describing the person To survive is not easy. Some hunters did so. Some hunters were very cruel. logical subject Presentation (1)不定式的逻辑主语 在句型“It is + adjective + for/of + noun/pronoun + to + verb”中，动词不定式是真正的主语，但在多数情况下我们常用it作形式主语，用来指代句子中后置的动词不定式。for和of后面的名词或代词作动词不定式的逻辑主语。 A Using it as an empty subject (1) Presentation (2)形容词修饰的成分 在“It is + adjective + for + noun/pronoun + to + verb”句型中，形容词主要说明动词不定式所表示的动作的特征，如可能性、必要性、重要性、紧迫性、频繁程度等。此句型常用于表达对某人做某件事情的看法，说话时这个动作可能未必完成。 如：It is necessary for us to involve more people in animal protection. (The action of “to involve more people in animal protection” is necessary.)对我们来说，让更多的人保护动物是必要的。（“我们”可能尚未让更多的人保护动物，但是让更多的人保护动物这件事很有必要。） 常用于这一句型的形容词有：amazing, easy, exciting, good, helpful, impossible, interesting, important, necessary, possible, simple, wonderful。 A Using it as an empty subject (1) Presentation 在“It is + adjective + of + noun/pronoun + to + verb”句型中，形容词主要描述句中人或事物的特征，且大多是描述人物的性格、品质的形容词。此句型用来评价某人或某物的行为，而且，在说这句话之前，句中的那个动作通常都已经完成。 如：It is wise of us to involve more people in animal protection. (You have involved so many people in animal protection. You are wise.) 我们让更多人保护动物，我们真是太睿智了。（“我们”已让更多的人保护动物，wise是对“我们”的评价。） 常用于这一句型的形容词有：brave, generous, kind, wise, good, mean, polite, thoughtful。 A Using it as an empty subject (1) Presentation Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets. It’s very kind _______(for/of) you to help me. It was very clever _______ (for/of) him to set a trap to catch the runaway dog. It’s necessary _______ (for/of) us to learn more about animals. It is helpful _______ (for/of) students to review the things they have studied. Practice of of for for Practice learn about the animals in danger in the area It is wrong of people / us to buy products made from animals in danger. It is helpful of people / us to report any hunting of animals in danger. It is right for people / us to protect the homes of animals in danger. It is necessary for people / us to take care of injured animals. Read the notes below. Then write a short notice to remind your classmates about how to protect animals in danger. Pair work Imagine that you are interviewing the elephant from the story on 69. Listen to his story and respond. Use the structure below. It is +adjective + for/of + noun/pronoun + to + verb Without warning they raised their guns and shot dead my mother and several of my relatives. It is cruel of them to kill your family and relatives. They forced me to do all kinds of stupid tricks to make them laugh. It is wrong of them to treat you like that. Now, people leave us bags of corn and fruit on the roadside. The food leads us in the right direction back to our homeland. It is kind of them to do that. Practice Notice wrong—feed animals in the zoo brave—stop others from hurting the animals important—stay away from wild animals thoughtful—stay quiet during the visit Group work How should we behave when we visit a wildlife park? What shouldn’t people do there? Discuss in groups. Use the structure below. Practice Hello, visitors! Welcome to the zoo. Here are some tips to help you enjoy the trip. It is wrong of people to feed animals. The food may make them ill. It is brave of people to stop others from hurting the animals in the wildlife park. It is important for people to stay away from wild animals. This helps keep both visitors and animals safe. It is thoughtful of people to stay quiet during the visit. Noise might scare the animals. It is +adjective + for/of + noun/pronoun + to + verb Now, the elephant family has enough food to eat. B Using adjective + enough + to + verb Presentation 1. What does “enough” mean? 2. What sentence patterns can you see? “足够的” enough + noun adjective + enough + to + verb not + adjective + enough + to + verb too + adjective + to + verb B Using adjective + enough + to +verb 含义：表示主语所指的对象有足够的能力去做某件事情，意为“足够……来……”。 形容词位置：在“adjective + enough + to + verb”句型中，enough 为副词，修饰形容词，形容词一定要放在enough前面。 “not + adjective + enough + to + verb”意为“不够……来……”；“too + adjective + to + verb”意为“太……以致不能……”，两者可以表达相似的句意，但是句中要使用表达相反含义的形容词，如例句中，strong和weak是一对反义词。 Presentation Practice not brave enough to tell kind enough to help big enough to feed Ma Kai is telling Du Yun about his trip to the zoo. Complete their conversation with the words in brackets. 句子改写： 1. Elephants are really smart. They can recognize themselves in the mirror. Elephants are ______ ______ ____ ___________ themselves in the mirror. 2. Elephants are strong. They can lift up to 400 kg with their trunks. Elephants are______ ______ ______ _________ up to 400 kg with their trunks. 3. Baby elephants are not big enough to feed themselves. Baby elephants are ______ ______ ____ ___________ themselves. 4. The sick bird was strong. It could fly again. The sick bird was______ ______ __________ _____again. 5. Xiujuan was really tired. She couldn’t return to the shore. Xiujuan was ______ ______ ____ _____ to the shore. smart enough to recognize strong enough to lift too young to feed strong enough to fly too tired to return adjective + enough + to + verb; too + adjective + to + verb Practice Production make a start to help save wildlife. protect animals in danger because they are part of the ecosystem. hunt and kill animals for their skin, fur and meat. do our part to help protect animals. Talk in pairs about why we should help protect animals in danger. Use the expressions below to help you. Group work Write a short paragraph about protecting animals in danger. Use the structures below. It is + adjective + for + noun/pronoun + to + verb It is + adjective + of + noun/pronoun + to + verb too + adjective + to + verb adjective + enough + to + verb Some people hunt and kill wild animals. It is very cruel of them to do so. However, there are many volunteers who help protect these animals from hunters. I think it is very kind of them to do that. I’m not brave enough to work with wild animals myself, but my friends and I help raise money for animal charities. Production It is important for students ____________ (learn) about animals in danger. It is kind of you ____________ (feed) the homeless cats in the park. It is irresponsible of people ____________ (throw) rubbish into the river. The box is too heavy for the old man ____________ (move) alone. It is dangerous for tigers ____________ (lose) their forest homes. The little boy is strong enough ____________ (carry) water for the thirsty dog. It is necessary for everyone ____________ (stop) using plastic bags. The river is clean enough for the fish ____________ (swim) happily again. It is brave ____________ the man to save the kid who fell into the water. It was hard ____________ the volunteers to clean the dirty beach. More practice 在空白处填入适当的词或用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 to learn to feed to throw to move to lose to carry to stop to swim of for More practice 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Animal shows are not good for the animals. It is hard for animals ____________ (live) in small cages. Many animals are not strong enough ____________ (perform) every day because of too much training and malnutrition（营养不良）. Elephants, tigers and dolphins are often forced to do such performance for people’s entertainment（娱乐）. Some people are kind enough ____________ (see) that the animals are unhappy. If we are careful enough ____________ (observe) their behaviour, we can see they look tired or afraid. These animals may show signs of stress by moving back and forth or making sad sounds. It is important ____________(tell) people that animal shows can be harmful. If we are brave enough ____________(tell) others about this problem, more people will come to help. We can also tell our friends to choose other entertainment that doesn’t hurt animals. It is wonderful ____________(see) animals in their natural homes, playing and living with their families. It will be exciting ____________(know) that our choices can protect them and give them better lives. Let’s be kind to animals and allow them to live freely. We can make a difference by making good choices and speaking up for those who cannot speak for themselves. to live to perform to see to observe to tell to tell to see to know Self-assessment 评价内容 评分（1–5） 1. 我能理解it作形式主语的结构和意义。 1 2 3 4 5 2. 我能恰当运用“It is +adjective + for/of + noun/pronoun + to + verb”, 并区分两个句型所表达含义的区别。 1 2 3 4 5 3.我能归纳并正确使用“adjective + enough + to + verb” 句型。 1 2 3 4 5 Homework 基础作业 熟练朗读课本第73页和第74页的语段和对话。 完成课本第138页的语法练习。 拓展作业 根据Grammar in use的活动要求撰写一篇短文，要求正确运用 “It is + adjective + for/of + noun/pronoun + to + verb” 和 “adjective + enough + to + verb” 两种句型。 $