Unit 5 - Unit 6 语法专练 2025-2026学年沪教版英语八年级下册

**基本信息** 聚焦八下U5-U6核心语法，通过基础巩固、变式应用、综合拓展三层设计，构建从单一规则到语用能力的递进路径，适配期末复习需求，提升语言应用与思维辨析能力。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础巩固|单一语法规则（如for/of填空、副词形式转换）|直接对应语法精讲要点，强化规则记忆| |变式应用|规则变式与转换（如句型转换、比较级改写）|通过同义转换、结构互换提升规则迁移能力| |综合拓展|综合语用与纠错（如翻译、改错）|融合语境应用与高频易错点修正，培养语言准确性|

2026新沪教牛津八下英语期末复习 U5-U6语法专练 Unit 5 Save the Endangered Animals(It作形式主语 & 形容词+enough+to do) 㐱 语法精讲一: It 作形式主语 当句子的真正主语是动词不定式(to do)时,常用 It 放在句首作形式主语,而把真正的主语放在句末,以避免头重脚轻。 基本结构: It is + adj. + (for/of sb.) + to do sth. 类别 用法说明 示例 for sb. to do 形容词修饰事情的性质,如:important, necessary, difficult, easy, possible, impossible, convenient It is important for us to protect wildlife. of sb. to do 形容词修饰人的品质特征,如: kind, cruel, brave, clever, stupid, wise, foolish, nice, generous It is cruel of hunters to kill endangered animals. 判断口诀:若能说 He is cruel / kind / brave / clever,则用 of;若只能说 To do sth. is important / necessary / difficult,而不能说 He is important / necessary / difficult,则用 for。 高频易错词:cruel(残忍的)、foolish(愚蠢的)、wise(明智的)、generous(慷慨 的)均修饰人的品质,必须搭配 of,而不是 for。很多学生误将cruel 等词当作“事情的性质”而错用 for。 特殊用法: It is + 名词 + to do: It is a good idea to recycle paper.(回收纸张是个好主意。) It takes sb. + 时间 + to do: It takes him an hour to finish the task. It costs sb. + 金钱 + to do: It costs a lot of money to build a nature reserve.㐱 语法精讲二:形容词 + enough + to do 句式 结构及注意事项 示例 肯定句 主语 + be + adj. + enough + to do sth. The panda is strong enough to survive. 否定句 主语 + be + not + adj. + enough + to do sth. The baby animal is not old enough to walk. 同义转换 not + adj. + enough = too + 反义词 + to do He isn't tall enough = 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 He is too short. enough 的位置规则: 修饰形容词/副词:形容词/副词 + enough(old enough, fast enough) 修饰名词:enough + 名词(enough food, enough water) 不可说 enough old 或 enough fast! 与 so...that... 的转换: He is strong enough to carry the box. = He is so strong that he can carry the box. It is... + enough 结构: It is warm enough to go out without a coat.(天气够暖和,可以不穿外套出去。) 易错警示:enough 修饰形容词时绝对不可放在形容词前面。“足够强壮”是 strong enough,不是 enough strong。但在否定句中与 too...to... 互换时要注意反义词的选择: not old enough = too young;not fast enough = too slow。 Unit 5 练习题(共25题) 用 for 或 of 填空: It is important us to save water. 用 for 或 of 填空: It is kind you to donate money to the animal shelter. 用 for 或 of 填空: It is cruel hunters to shoot protected animals. 用 for 或 of 填空: It is necessary scientists to study the climate change. 用 for 或 of 填空: It is brave the lifeguard to rescue the swimmer. 用 for 或 of 填空: It is foolish people to buy products made from endangered animals. 用 for 或 of 填空: It is easy children to learn a new language. 用 for 或 of 填空: It is generous the rich man to support the wildlife park. 用 for 或 of 填空: It is wise you to choose reusable bags instead of plastic ones. 用 for 或 of 填空: It is impossible humans to live without air. 用所给词的适当形式填空:The bird is strong enough (fly) across the sky. 用所给词的适当形式填空:The baby elephant is not tall enough (reach) the leaves on the tree. 用所给词的适当形式填空: Is the river clean enough for the fish (live) in? 用所给词的适当形式填空:She is careful enough (avoid) making the same mistake. 用所给词的适当形式填空:The room is not large enough (hold) 60 people. 句型转换: It is cruel of some people to keep wild birds in cages.(改为否定句) 句型转换:The swan is too weak to fly far.(用 enough 改写) 句型转换: He is too young to drive a car.(用 enough 改写) 句型转换:The animal is strong enough to push the rock.(用 so...that... 改写) 句型转换: It is very important. We should protect the environment.(用 It is...to do...合并) 改错: It is cruel for humans to kill whales for their meat. 改错:The panda cub is enough old to eat bamboo by itself. 改错: It is important of us to keep the oceans clean. 翻译:保护濒危动物是我们每个人的责任。 翻译:这个小男孩不够高,够不到书架上的书。 ( Unit 6 Pets(副词 & 副词比较级与最高级) ) 㐱 语法精讲一:副词的构成规则 规则 形容词 副词 说明及易错点 一般情况 quick quickly;real really 直接在形容词后加 -ly 辅音 + y 结尾 easy easily;heavy heavily;angry angrily 变 y 为 i 再加 -ly(高频考点) 辅音 + le 结尾 terrible terribly; simple simply gentle gently; 去 e 加 -y(不是加 -ly) 以 ll 结尾 full fully 直接加 -y 以 e 结尾 true truly(去 e) (保留 e) ;polite politely 特殊情况需单独记忆 不规则变化 good well well 既是副词也是形容词(指身体好) 易混淆的 -ly 结尾形容词:friendly(友好的)、lovely(可爱的)、lively(活泼的)、lonely(孤独的)、daily(日常的)——这些词以 -ly 结尾但都是形容词,不能当作副词使用。它们的副词形式通常用短语代替(如 in a friendly way)。 高频易错:easy 的副词是 easily,不是 easyly;true 的副词是 truly,不是 truely;terrible的副词是 terribly,不是 terriblely。 㐱 语法精讲二:副词在句子中的位置 副词类型 位置规则 示例 方式副词(quickly, slowly, loudly) 动词之后;若有宾语,放在宾语之后 The dog wagged its tail happily. 频率副词(always, often, never) 行为动词前;be 动词/助动词/情态动词后 He never goes to bed late. / She is always kind. 程度副词(very, too, enough) very/too 在形容词/副词前;enough 在形容词/副词后 He runs very fast. / He is old enough. 时间副词(now, then, yesterday) 通常在句尾,也可放句首表示强调 I finished my homework yesterday. 㐱 语法精讲三:副词的比较级和最高级 类型 变化规则 示例 单音节/部分双音节 加 -er / -est fast faster fastest;hard harder hardest 多音节 more / most + 副词 carefully more carefully most carefully 不规则 需特殊记忆 well better best; badly worse worst; much more most; little less least; far farther/further farthest/furthest 比较级与最高级的用法要点: 比较级:A + 动词 + 比较级 + than + B(用于两者比较) 最高级:A + 动词 + (the) + 最高级 + of/in + 范围(三者及以上比较)。副词最高级前的 the 可以省略。 “越来越……”:比较级 + and + 比较级(The dog is growing faster and faster.) “越……,越……”:The + 比较级,the + 比较级(The more you read, the better you will understand.) 易错警示:well 的比较级和最高级是 better 和 best,不是 more well 或 most well;badly的比较级是 worse,不是 more badly。further 表示抽象“更进一步”,farther 表示具体距离“更远”。 Unit 6 练习题(共25题) 写出下列形容词的副词形式:quick 写出下列形容词的副词形式:easy 写出下列形容词的副词形式:angry 写出下列形容词的副词形式:terrible 写出下列形容词的副词形式:gentle 写出下列形容词的副词形式:true 写出下列形容词的副词形式:full 写出下列形容词的副词形式:good 用所给词的适当形式填空:The cat walked (quiet) towards the mouse. 用所给词的适当形式填空:She looks after her pets very (careful). 用所给词的适当形式填空: Dogs can hear much (well) than humans. 用所给词的适当形式填空:Of all the animals, the cheetah runs the (fast). 用所给词的适当形式填空: He did (badly) in the exam than before, which made his parents worried. 用所给词的适当形式填空:You should train your dog (patiently) if you want it to obey you. 用所给词的适当形式填空:She speaks English (fluently) of all the girls in her class. 句型转换:Tom runs fast. His brother runs faster.(用 than 合并句子) 句型转换:The horse runs fast. The cheetah runs very fast.(用比较级改写,加 than) 句型转换: No other student in my class studies as hard as Mary.(用最高级改写) 句型转换: If you read more books, you will understand better.(用 the + 比较级...the + 比较级 改写) 选词填空:The little dog looked (friendly / in a friendly way) at us. She looked very (friendly / in a friendly way). 改错: He runs more faster than any other boy in his team. 改错: My pet cat behaved more badly than usual today. 改错:She sings the most beautifully of all, so she wins first prize. — 这句话中 the 用法正确吗?(正确,可加可不加) 翻译:狗跑得比猫快。 翻译:你练习得越多,进步就会越快。 㐱 全部练习参考答案 Unit 5: It作形式主语 & 形容词+enough+to do(25题) for of of for of of for of of for to fly to reach to live to avoid to hold It is not cruel of some people to free wild birds from cages. / It is not cruel of some people to protect wild birds. The swan is not strong enough to fly far. He is not old enough to drive a car. The animal is so strong that it can push the rock. It is very important for us to protect the environment. for of(cruel 修饰人的品质) enough old old enough of for(important 修饰事情的性质) It is every person's duty to protect endangered animals. The little boy is not tall enough to reach the book on the shelf. Unit 6:副词 & 副词比较级与最高级(25题) quickly easily angrily terribly gently truly fully ( well quietly carefully better fastest worse more patiently the most fluently Tom runs fast, but his brother runs faster than him. The cheetah runs faster than the hor se. Mary studies the hardest in my cl ass. The more books you read, the better you will understa nd. in a friendly way / friendly more faster faster(去掉 more,单音节词加 -er 即可) more badly worse(不规则 变化) 正确。副词最高级前的 the 可以省略。 Dogs run faster than cats. The more you practise, the faster you will make progress. ) 2026新沪教牛津八下 U5-U6语法专练(扩充版) $