复合句 定语从句-2025-2026学年初中英语语法重难点精讲（全国版）

初中全国版 【定语从句专版】 重难点精讲 定语从句专版 【语法专题】定语从句专项突破 初中全国版复合句 语法精讲 语法概述：定语从句=主句+修饰主句中名词/代词的从句，在句中用于限定名词/代词的特征或 范围。限定性定语从句由关系代词(that/who/which/whose)或关系副词(where/.when)引导，关 系代词指代先行词并在从句中作主语、宾语或定语，关系副词指代先行词并在从句中作地点或时 间状语。 重难点讲解 重难点一：关系代词that/who/which的用法区别讲解： 关系代词who指代人，在从句中作主语或宾语：which指代物，在从句中作主语或宾语；that既可 指代人也可指代物，在从句中作主语或宾语。当先行词被不定代词、最高级、序数词修饰，或先 行词既有人又有物时，只能用hat。当关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略。 例句： 。The girl who is standing there is my sister.(who指代人，作主语) 。The book which I bought yesterday is very interesting.(which指代物，作宾语，可省略) ·He is the best student that I have ever taught..（先行词被最高级修饰，用that) 。We talked about the people and things that we met during the trip.(先行词既有人又有物，用that) 真题再现： 1.(2024全国版九年级期中)The man_is wearing a blue coat is my uncle.. A.who B.which C.whom D.whose 答案：A 解析：先行词the man指人，在从句中作主语，用who。 2.(2023 全国版八年级月考)This is the pen_I lost last week. A.who B.that C.whom 1 初中全国版 【定语从句专版】 重难点精讲 D.what 答案：B解析：先行词the pen指物，在从句中作宾语，hat可指代物且可省略，此处用that。 重难点二：关系代词wose的用法讲解： whos表示“的”，既可指代人也可指代物，在从句中作定语，后接名词。 例句： ●This is the boy whose mother is a doctor.(whose指代男孩的，修饰nother) 。I live in a house whose windows face south.(whose指代房子的，修饰windows) 真题再现： 1.（2024全国版九年级期末)Do you know the girl hair is red? A.who B.which C.whose D.whom 答案：C 解析：此处表示“女孩的头发”，用whose作定语修饰hair。 2.(2023全国版八年级期中)The school door is red is ours. A.who B.which C.whose D.whom 答案：C解析：先行词the school,此处表示“学校的门”，用whose。 重难点三：关系副词where/when的用法讲解： 关系副词where指代地点，在从句中作地点状语，先行词通常是表示地点的名词；when指代时间， 在从句中作时间状语，先行词通常是表示时间的名词。 例句： 。This is the place where I was born.(where指代地点，作地点状语) 。I still remember the day when we first met..(when指代时间，作时间状语) 真题再现： 1.(2024全国版九年级月考)This is the city_I grew up A.where B.when C.which D.who 答案：A解析：先行词the city表示地点，从句中缺少地点状语，用where. 2 初中全国版 【定语从句专版】 重难点精讲 2.(2023全国版八年级期末)I will never forget the time_we spent together. A.where B.when C.which D.what 答案：C解析：先行词the time,从句中spent后缺少宾语，此处用which/仙hat作宾语（注意： 此处spent是及物动词，需要宾语，when是关系副词不能作宾语，所以用关系代词which)。 重难点四：限定性定语从句中关系代词的省略讲解： 当关系代词在限定性定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。 例句： ·The book(that/which)I read yesterday is good.(that/which作宾语，可省略) 。The boy(who/whom)we met is Tom.(who/whom作宾语，可省略) 真题再现： 1.(2024 全国版八年级期中)The film_we saw last night was very exciting A.who B.whom C.which D.whose 答案：C 解析：先行词the film指物，在从句中作宾语，which可省略，此处选C。 2.(2023全国版九年级期末)This is the teacher I talked about yesterday. A.who B.whose C.which D.when 答案：A 解析：先行词the teacher指人，在从句中作宾语，who可省略，此处选A。 易错点综合演练 L.单项选择（直击重难点） 1.The woman is talking to my teacher is my mother. A.who B.which C.whom D.whose 3 初中全国版 【定语从句专版】 重难点精讲 2.This is the storybook my brother lent me last week. A.who B.that C.whom D.what 3.Do you know the parkwe had a picnic last Sunday? A.where B.when C.which D.who 4.The girl hair is black won the singing competition. A.who B.which C.whose D.whom Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化句型结构）》 1.The boy (who)we met at the library is my cousin. 2.This is the house(which)my grandfather built 50 years ago. 3.I still remember the day (when)I first started school. 4.The student(that)won the prize is from Class 3. Ⅲ.短文填空（综合运用定语从句） 用who,which,that,whose,where或when填空，使短文完整通顺。 I have a friend 1.name is Lucy.She lives in a house 2.has a big garden.Last Sunday,we visited a museum 3.we saw many old paintings.The guide 4.showed us around was very knowledgeable. I'll never forget the time 5.we spent there.It was a day 6.I learned a lot about history. V.连词成句（聚焦句型结构) 1.the,is,man,who,wearing,a,hat,my,uncle,(. 2.this,is,the,pen,I,lost,yesterday,that,( 3.we,the,place,visited,where,last,year,is,this,(. 4.girl,the,whose,is,mother,a,teacher,my,classmate,(. V.按要求改写句子（巩固定语从句用法） 4 初中全国版 【定语从句专版】 重难点精讲 l.The book is very interesting.I bought it yesterday.(合并为含定语从句的句子) 一 2.He met a girl..Her father is a doctor.(合并为含定语从句的句子) 3.This is the city..I was born there.(合并为含定语从句的句子) 4.The student won the first prize.He studies very hard.(合并为含定语从句的句子) 参考答案 I.单项选择：1.A2B3.A4.C L.用所给词的适当形式填空：1.who/whom2.which/.that3.when4.who/hat Ⅲ.短文填空： 1.whose 2.which/that 3.where 4.who/that 5.that/which 6.when V.连词成句： 1.The man who is wearing a hat is my uncle. 2.This is the pen that I lost yesterday. 3.This is the place where we visited last year. 4.The girl whose mother is a teacher is my classmate. V.按要求改写句子： 1.The book that/which I bought yesterday is very interesting. 2.He met a girl whose father is a doctor 3.This is the city where I was born. 4.The student who/that studies very hard won the first prize. 5