动词时态 过去完成时-2025-2026学年初中英语语法重难点精讲（全国版）

初中全国版 【动词时态专版】 重难点精讲 动词时态专版 【语法专题】过去完成时专项突破 初中全国版动词时态 语法精讲 语法概述：过去完成时(had+done结构)=表示过去某个动作之前已经完成的动作，常与by the time/before引导的时间状语连用，强调“过去的过去”。 一、 重难点讲解 重难点一：过去完成时的基本结构及“过去的过去”判定讲解： 过去完成时的结构为“主语+had+动词过去分词”，表示在过去某个时间或动作之前已经完成的 动作，强调“过去的过去”。判定依据：存在两个先后发生的过去动作，先发生的动作用过去完成 时，后发生的动作用一般过去时。 She had finished her homework before her mother came back.(妈妈回来是过去动作，完成作业在此 之前，用过去完成时) They had lived in Beijing for five years before they moved to Shanghai..(搬家是过去动作，居住在北 京发生在搬家前，用过去完成时) 真题再现： l.(2024全国版教材同步练习)By the time I_to the bus stop,the bus_already一 A.got left B.get has left C.got had left D.get left 答案：C解析：“到达车站”是过去动作(g0t),“公交车离开”发生在“到达”之前，即 “过去的过去”，用had left。 2.(2023全国版期中测试)He told me that he_the Great Wall twice before he was ten A.visits B.visited C.has visited D.had visited 答案：D解析：“告诉”(told)是过去动作，“参观长城”发生在“告诉”之前，即“过去 的过去”，用had visited。 初中全国版 【动词时态专版】 重难点精讲 重难点二：by the time/before引导的时间状语从句中的时态搭配讲解： by the time引导时间状语从句时，若从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时，表示“到…时候为 止，主句动作已完成”；before引导时间状语从句时，主从句动作有明显先后顺序，“主句动作发 生在从句之前”时主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。 By the time the bell rang,we had already cleaned the classroom.(从句rang是一般过去时，主句用had cleaned) Before he went to bed,he had read for an hour.(从句went是一般过去时，主句“读书”在前，用had read) 真题再现： l.(2024全国版单元测试)Before Tom_into the classroom,the teacher_the test papers. A.walked had given out B.walks gave out C.walked gave out D.walks has given out 答案：A解析：“走进教室”(walked)是过去动作，“发试卷”在“走进”之前，主句用had given out,从句用一般过去时walked。 2.(2023全国版期末检测)By the time my parents came home,I_dinner and_the dishes,. A.cooked washed B.have cooked washed C.had cooked washed D.had cooked had washed 答案：C解析：“父母回家”(cae)是过去动作，“做饭”和“洗碗”均发生在“回家”之 前，用过去完成时had cooked和had washed,但多个并列过去完成时动词，第二个had可省 略，即had cooked washed。 重难点三：过去完成时与一般过去时的区别讲解： 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，强调动作发生在过去某个具体时间：过 去完成时强调动作发生在“另一个过去动作之前”，即“过去的过去”，必须有明确的“过去参照 点”。 I saw him yesterday.（一般过去时，仅说明“昨天看见”这一过去动作) I realized I had seen him somewhere before.(“意识到”(realized)是过去参照点，“见过”在“意识 到”之前，用had seen) 真题再现： 1.(2024 全国版同步练习)一Did you watch the movie last night? -No,I_it twice before last week. A.see B.saw C.have seen 2 初中全国版 【动词时态专版】 重难点精讲 D.had seen 答案：D解析：“上周之前”(before last week)是过去的过去时间，“看过两次”发生在该 时间前，用had seen。 2.(2023全国版模拟测试)She said she the book andit to the library. A.read returned B.had read returned C.read had returned D.has read returns 答案：B解析：“说”(said)是过去动作，“读书”和“还书”均发生在“说”之前，用过 去完成时hadread,“还书”与“读书”并列，第二个had省略，即had read returned。 易错点综合演练 L单项选择（直击重难点） 1.By the time I home,my brotherdinner already. A.got had cooked B.get has cooked C.got cooked D.get had cooked 2.He said he_the film twice before he went to college A.sees B.saw C.has seen D.had seen 3.Before Lily to the park,sheher room. A.goes cleans B.went had cleaned C.went cleaned D.goes has cleaned 4.I that I my keys in the office until I got home. A.realized left B.realize have left C.realized had left D.realize left Ⅱ用所给词的适当形式填空（强化句型结构） 1.She told me she_(finish)her homework before her parents came back. 初中全国版 【动词时态专版】 重难点精讲 2.By the time the teacher(enter)the classroom,the students(stop)talking. 3.He_(live)in this city for ten years before he_(move)to London. 4.They_(not see)each other for five years before they_(meet)at the party yesterday. 5.When I(arrive)at the station,the train(already leave). Ⅲ.短文填空（综合运用过去完成时） 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺。 Last Sunday,Tom went to the bookstore.He_(want)to buy a new storybook.When he_(get)there, he_(find)that the book he wanted_(sell)out.The shop assistant told him that many people(buy) it since it(come)out the day before.Tom_(feel)a little sad because he_(plan)to read it over the weekend.He(leave)the bookstore and_(go)home.On his way home,he-(remember)that his friend Jack(borrow)the same book from the library.So he_(decide)to ask Jack for it. V.连词成句（聚焦句型结构） 1.had,before,she,the,arrived,party,left,she() 2.you,by,time,up,the,had,breakfast,got,cooked,mother,your (? 3.he,said,that,he,visited,three,had,times,Paris(.) 4.we,the,film,started,had,when,already,to,cinema,the,got (. V.按要求改写句子（巩固否定、疑问句式） l.He had finished his work before dark.(改为否定句) 2.They had lived here for five years before they moved.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答) 3.By the time I called him,he had gone to bed.(对划线部分提问) 4.She told me she had seen the movie.(改为同义句) She told me shethe movie. 参考答案 1.单项选择：1.A2D3.B4.C 4 初中全国版 【动词时态专版】 重难点精讲 Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空： 1.had finished 2.entered;had stopped 3.had lived;moved 4.hadn't seen;met 5.arrived:had already left Ⅱ.短文填空： 1.wanted 2.got 3.found 4.had been sold 5.had bought 6.had come 7.felt 8.had planned 9.left 10.went 11.remembered 12.had borrowed 13.decided V.连词成句： 1.She had left before the party arrived. 2.Had your mother cooked breakfast by the time you got up? 3.He said that he had visited Paris three times. 4.When we got to the cinema,the film had already started. V.按要求改写句子： 1.He hadn't finished his work before dark 2.Had they lived here for five years before they moved?Yes,they had 3.What had he done by the time you called him? 4.had watched