wh-不定式结构-2025-2026学年九年级英语下册语法重难点精讲（仁爱版）

9年级仁爱版 【寒假专版】 语法精讲 寒假专版 【语法专题】wh-+不定式结构专项突破 初中仁爱版九年级 语法精讲 语法概述：w-+不定式结构(what,which,.how,when,.where.,who+todo)=wh-疑问词+动词不 定式，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语。 一、重难点讲解 重难点一：w词与不定式的搭配及句法功能讲解： wh-词（包括what,which,who,whom,whose,when,where,.how)可与不定式(to+动词原形)构 成”wh+不定式”结构，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语或同位语。该结构具有名词性，相当于一个 名词性从句。 。作主语：What to do next is still a question.(下一步做什么还是个问题。) ●作宾语：She doesn't know how to solve the problem.(她不知道如何解决这个问题。) 。作表语：The problem is where to find the lost key..(问题是去哪里找丢失的钥匙。) ·作同位语：He had no idea which book to choose.(他不知道选哪本书。) 真题再现： 1.(2024湖北武汉期中，仁爱版)I'm not sure for the party. -How about a blue dress?It suits you well. A.what to wear B.when to start C.where to go D.how to prepare 答案：A解析：根据答句建议“穿蓝色连衣裙”，可知问句询问“穿什么”，用what to wea知 作宾语。 2.(2023湖南长沙月考，仁爱版)The teacher told us_the history museum this weekend. A.when visiting B.how to visit C.where visit D.which visit 9年级仁爱版 【寒假专版】 语法精讲 答案：B解析：“疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语，how to visit表示“如何参观”，符合语境： C、D项结构错误，应为where to visit和which to visit。 重难点二：w+不定式的逻辑主语及语态讲解： 1.逻辑主语：当“w+不定式”结构的逻辑主语与主句主语一致时，无需额外添加：若不一致， 需用“for sb.+wh+不定式”结构。 例：She taught me how to cook.(逻辑主语一致，均为she和me的关系) It's important for us to learn how to communicate.（逻辑主语为us,用for叼引出) 2.语态：不定式有主动和被动两种形式，被动结构为“wh-+tobe+过去分词”。 例：I need to know which task to finish first.(主动) The students are discussing which project to be chosen for the competition.(被动，项目被选择) 真题再现： 1.(2024江西南昌期末，仁爱版)It's necessary for young people_how to manage their time properly. A.learn B.to learn C.learning D.learned 答案：B解析：句中it为形式主语，真正主语是“for young people to leam”,“疑问词+不 定式”结构作learn的宾语，符合“for sb.+todo”结构。 2.(2023广东深圳期中，仁爱版)The question is which method_to deal with the environmental problem A.is used B.to use C.using D.uses 答案：B解析：“which method to use”为“wh-+不定式”结构作表语，表主动含义，无需 用被动语态，故选B。 重难点三：w+不定式与宾语从句的转换讲解： “wh-+不定式”结构可转换为相应的宾语从句，转换时需注意人称、时态和语序（宾语从句用陈 述语序)。 例：She doesn't know what to do.→She doesn't know what she should do. I can't decide where to go.I can't decide where I will go. 注意：若主句谓语动词为过去时，宾语从句需相应调整时态（如一般现在时变一般过去时）。 2 9年级仁爱版 【寒假专版】 语法精讲 He asked me how to get to the station.He asked me how I could get to the station 真题再现： l.(2024四川成都月考，仁爱版)He wondered the computer..Maybe he could ask Mr.Li for help. A.how to fix B.what to fix C.how fix D.what fix 答案：A解析：“how to fix”可转换为“how he could fix”,表示“如何修理电脑”，符合语 境：B项“what to fiⅸ”意为“修理什么”，与后句“向李先生求助”不符；C、D项结构错误。 2.(2023 浙江杭州期末，仁爱版)Could you please tell me_the nearest post office? A.how get to B.how to get to C.how can I get to D.where to get to 答案：B解析：“how to get to”为“w-+不定式”结构作宾语，相当于“how I can get to”: C项为疑问语序，不符合宾语从句陈述语序要求；D项“where to get to”逻辑不当，get to后 需接地点，where本身表地点。 易错点综合演练 I单项选择（直击重难点） 1.I don't know the broken bike.Maybe you can ask Tom for help A.what to repair B.how to repair C.where repair D.which repair 2.-Could you please tell methe nearest library? -I'm sorry,I'm new here. A.how get to B.how to get to C.how can I get to D.where to get to 3.The problem is for the coming exam. A.when prepare B.how to prepare C.where prepare 3 9年级仁爱版 【寒假专版】 语法精讲 D.what preparing 4.It's necessary for students how to learn English well. A.learn B.to learn C.learning D.learned Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化句型结构） 1.He had no idea which book(choose)for his sister. 2.The students are discussing which project(choose)for the competition. 3.She taught me how (cook)delicious meals 4.I need to know what (do)next. Ⅲ短文填空（综合运用wh-+不定式） 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺。 Dear Mary, I have a problem and I don't know what 1.(do).I want to join the school English club,but I'm not sure how 2.(apply)for it.My friend Lucy told me where 3.(get)the application form,but I still don't know which information 4.(fill)in.Can you tell me what I should do?Please write back soon and tell me how 5.(solve)this problem. Yours, Lily V.连词成句（聚焦句型结构） 1.to,what,next,do,is,a,question,still (. 2.she,how,the,problem,solve,doesn't,know (. 3.is,where,the,lost,to,key,find,problem,the ( 4.idea,which,he,book,to,no,choose,had (. V.按要求改写句子（巩固wh+不定式与宾语从句转换） l.She doesn't know what to do.(改为宾语从句) 2.He asked me how to get to the station..(改为宾语从句) 3.Ican't decide where to go.(改为宾语从句) 4.The teacher told us how to visit the history museum.(改为宾语从句) 9年级仁爱版 【寒假专版】 语法精讲 参考答案 I.单项选择：1B2.B3.B4.B Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空：1.to choose2.to be chosen3.to cook4.todo Ⅲ.短文填空： 1.to do 2.to apply 3.to get 4.to fill 5.to solve V.连词成句： 1.What to do next is still a question 2.She doesn't know how to solve the problem. 3.The problem is where to find the lost key. 4.He had no idea which book to choose. V.按要求改写句子： 1.She doesn't know what she should do 2.He asked me how I could get to the station. 3.I can't decide where I will go. 4.The teacher told us how we should visit the history museum.