主谓一致-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册语法重难点精讲（鲁教版五四制）

8下鲁教版（五四制） 【寒假专版】 D版重难点精讲 寒假专版 【语法专题】主谓一致专项突破 初中鲁教版（五四制）八年级下册 语法精讲 语法概述：主谓一致=句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致，确保句子表达准确合理。 重难点讲解 重难点一：主语为第三人称单数时的动词形式变化讲解： 一 般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数(he/she/it/单数名词/不可数名词)时，谓语动词需加-s或-es。 变化规则：一般动词加-s(如works,.eats):以sx/sh/ch/o结尾加-es(如teaches,washes,goes):以 辅音字母+y结尾变y为i加-es(如studies,.flies)。 例句： 。She studies English every morning.(she为第三人称单数，study变y为i加-es) 。The sun rises in the east.(the sun为第三人称单数，rise加-s) 真题再现： 1.(2024山东烟台期中，鲁教版五四制)My mother often(cook)dinner for us after work 答案：cooks解析：主语my mother是第三人称单数，cook直接加-s。 2.(2023山东潍坊月考，鲁教版五四制)一What does your father do? -He a doctor in a hospital. A.am B.is C.are D.be 答案：B解析：主语he是第三人称单数，be动词用is。 重难点二：不可数名词作主语时的主谓一致讲解： 不可数名词（如water,time,information)作主语时，视为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。即 使不可数名词前有表示数量的词（如a lot of,some),谓语仍用单数。 例句： 8下鲁教版（五四制） 【寒假专版】 D版重难点精讲 ·Water is important for life.(water为不可数名词，be动词用is) ·Some money was lost yesterday.(mney不可数，谓语用was) 真题再现： 1.(2024 山东淄博期末，鲁教版五四制)The news_very exciting.We are all happy about it. A.is B.are C.was D.were 答案：A解析：news为不可数名词，视为单数，且描述现在的状态，用is。 2.(2023 山东临沂期中，鲁教版五四制)There some milk in the bottle.You can drink it. A.is B.are C.have D.has 答案：A解析：milk是不可数名词，there be句型中be动词用is。 重难点三：集合名词作主语时的主谓一致讲解： 集合名词（如family,class,team)作主语时，若表示整体，谓语用单数；若强调成员，谓语用复数。 例句： ●My family is a big one.(强调整体，用is) ·My family are watching TV now.(强调成员，用are) 真题再现： 1.(2024 山东青岛期中，鲁教版五四制)The class_having a meeting in the classroom now. A.is B.are C.am D.be 答案：B 解析：class在此处强调“班级成员”，谓语用复数are。 2.(2023 山东泰安月考，鲁教版五四制)Our team_won the first prize.Everyone is excited. A.has B.have C.is D.are 答案：A解析：team此处表示整体“团队”，谓语用单数has。 2 8下鲁教版（五四制） 【寒假专版】 D版重难点精讲 重难点四：“分数/百分数+o+名词”作主语时的主谓一致讲解： “分数/百分数+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由of后的名词决定：名词为可数复数时， 谓语用复数：名词为单数或不可数时，谓语用单数。 例句： ●Two thirds of the students are girls..(students为可数复数，用are) 。Half of the water has been used.(water不可数，用has) 真题再现： 1.(2024 山东济宁期末，鲁教版五四制)About70%of the earth's surface_covered with water. A.is B.are C.was D.were 答案：A解析：surface为不可数名词，谓语用单数is。 2.(2023山东威海期中，鲁教版五四制)One third of the books mine.The rest are my sister's. A.is B.are C.am D.be 答案：B 解析：books为可数复数，谓语用复数are。 重难点五：either..or.either...nor..连接主语时的主谓一致讲解： either.or.（要么…要么…)、neither.nor..(既不…也不…)连接两个主语时，谓语动词 遵循“就近原则”，即与靠近谓语的主语保持一致。 例句： ·Either you or he is right..(靠近谓语的he是第三人称单数，用is) 。Neither the teacher nor the students are in the classroom.(靠近谓语的students是复数，用are) 真题再现： l.(2024山东日照期中，鲁教版五四制)Neither my brother nor I_interested in playing football, A.am B.is C.are D.be 答案：A解析：靠近谓语的主语是I,be动词用am。 2.(2023山东东营月考，鲁教版五四制)Either Tom or his parents going to the supermarket this afternoon 3 8下鲁教版（五四制） 【寒假专版】 D版重难点精讲 A.is B.are C.was D.were 答案：B解析：靠近谓语的parents是复数，用are: 易错点综合演练 I单项选择（直击重难点） 1.Our class reading books in the library now A.is B.are C.am D.be 2.Physics my favorite subject.I think it's interesting. A.is B.are C.was D.were 3.Two thirds of the apples bad.We need to throw them away. A.is B.are C.was D.were 4.Neither my parents nor my brother at home yesterday. A.was B.were C.is D.are Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化句型结构） 1.The news(be)very surprising.All of us can't believe it. 2.My father usually (watch)TV after dinner,but tonight he(read)a newspaper. 3.Some milk (be)in the fridge.You can drink it if you are thirsty. 4.Either you or your sister (have)to clean the room today. 4 8下鲁教版（五四制） 【寒假专版】 D版重难点精讲 Ⅲ.短文填空（综合运用主谓一致） 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺。 Hello!My name is Lucy.Our school 1.(have)a sports meeting next week.My class 2.(be)very excited because we 3.(win)the first prize last year.Most of the students 4.(join)in the races,and one third of the money 5.(be)used to buy sports shoes for us.Neither my best friend nor I 6.(run) in the 100-meter race,but we 7.(cheer)for our classmates loudly. V.连词成句（聚焦句型结构) 1.my /family /having dinner are/now (. 2.the /team/playing/football/is/on/the/playground() 3.three /fourths/of/the/water/been /has/used (. 4.either /he/or /I going to the park/am (. V.按要求改写句子（巩固语法规则） l.The class is going to have a party tomorrow.(改为复数句，强调成员) 2.This information is very useful.(改为否定句) 3.Half of the students are girls in our school.(对划线部分提间) 一 4.Neither Tom nor his friends like swimming.(改为肯定句) 综合演练参考答案 I单项选择：1.B2.A3.B4.A Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空：1.is2.watches,is reading3.is4has 8下鲁教版（五四制） 【寒假专版】D版重难点精讲 Ⅲ.短文填空： 1.will have 2.is 3.won 4.will join 5.is 6.am going to run/will run 7.will cheer V.连词成句： 1.My family are having dinner now. 2.The team is playing football on the playground 3.Three fourths of the water has been used. 4.Either he or I am going to the park. V.按要求改写句子： 1.The class are going to have a party tomorrow. 2.This information isn't very useful 3.What fraction of the students are girls in your school? 4.Both Tom and his friends like swimming. 6