定语从句that who which引导指代人物-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册语法重难点精讲（鲁教版五四制）

8下鲁教版（五四制） 【语法专版】 定语从句精讲 语法专版 定语从句(that/who/which引导)专项突 破 初中鲁教版（五四制）八年级下册 语法精讲 语法概述：定语从句(that/who/which引导，指代人物)=一个句子作定语修饰名词或代词，通常 位于被修饰词后，hat既可以指人也可以指物，who指人，which指物，在句中作主语或宾语。 重难点讲解 重难点-：关系代词that/who/which的基本用法及指代对象讲解： -Wo:指代人，在从句中作主语或宾语（作宾语时可省略）。 -wich:指代物，在从句中作主语或宾语（作宾语时可省略）。 -tht:既可指代人也可指代物，在从句中作主语或宾语（作宾语时可省略）。 例句： -This is the girl who helped me yesterday.(who指代人，作主语) -The book which I bought last week is very interesting.(which指代物，作宾语，可省略) -The man that is talking to my father is our teacher.(that指代人，作主语) -This is the pen that I lost yesterday.(that指代物，作宾语，可省略) 真题再现 l.(2024山东烟台期中，鲁教版)The boy is wearing a red T-shirt is my cousin. A.which B.who C.whom D.whose 答案：B 解析：先行词the boy指人，从句中缺主语，用who引导定语从句。 2.(2023 山东威海月考，鲁教版)I like the storybook_my mother gave me as a gift A.who B.whose C.which 1 8下鲁教版（五四制） 【语法专版】 定语从句精讲 D.what 答案：C解析：先行词the storybook指物，从句中缺宾语，用which引导定语从句（可省 略)。 重难点二：关系代词that与which的用法区别讲解： 以下情况通常用that而不用which: 1.先行词是all,something,nothing,everything等不定代词时： 2.先行词被序数词(first,second)、形容词最高级(best,biggest)或the only,the very修饰时： 3.先行词既指人又指物时。 例句： -All that she said is true.(先行词是不定代词all,用that) -This is the first book that I bought in this bookstore.(先行词被序数词first修饰，用that) -We talked about the people and things that we saw in the village..(先行词既指人又指物，用that) 真题再现 1.(2024 山东淄博期末，鲁教版)This is the most interesting film_I have ever seen. A.which B.that C.who D.what 答案：B 解析：先行词film被形容词最高级most interesting修饰，用that引导定语从句。 2.(2023山东临沂期中，鲁教版)Ican't forget the stories and teachers_we met in our primary school. A.which B.who C.that D.whom 答案：C 解析：先行词the stories and teachers既指物又指人，用that引导定语从句。 重难点三：关系代词在从句中作宾语时的省略讲解： 当关系代词who/which/that在定语从句中作宾语时，可省略；若作主语，则不可省略。 例句： -The girl(who/whom/that)we met yesterday is from Beijing.(关系代词作宾语，可省略) -The pen(which/.that)I lost is my favorite.(关系代词作宾语，可省略) -The man who/that is standing there is my uncle.（关系代词作主语，不可省略) 2 8下鲁教版（五四制） 【语法专版】 定语从句精讲 真题再现 1.(2024 山东潍坊月考，鲁教版)Do you remember the park we visited last summer? A.where B.when C.which D.who 答案：C 解析：先行词the park指物，从句中缺宾语，which可省略，此处需选择关系代词， 故选C。 2.(2023山东济宁期末，鲁教版)The teacher you talked to just now is our math teacher. A.which B.who C.when D.where 答案：B 解析：先行词the teacher指人，从句中缺宾语，who可省略，此处需选择关系代词， 故选B。 易错点综合演练 L单项选择（直击重难点） 1.The girl is talking with our teacher is from Class 3. A.which B.who C.whom D.whose 2.This is the best movie I have ever watched. A.which B.who C.that D.what 3.I still remember the village and the people we visited last year A.which B.who C.that D.whose 3 8下鲁教版（五四制） 【语法专版】 定语从句精讲 4.He told me everything he knew about the accident. A.which B.what C.that D.who Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化句型结构） 1.The book (which/that)my father bought yesterday(be)very interesting. 2.I like the song(that/which)they are singing now. 3.This is the first English novel(that)I(read)in my life 4.All (that)he said(be)true Ⅱ.短文填空（综合运用定语从句） 用who,which或hat的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺。 I have a good friend 1.is from Canada.He likes reading books 2.are about history.Last week, he lent me a book 3.tells stories of ancient China.The book 4.he gave me is very thick,but I finished it in three days.I want to buy a book 5.is similar to this one for him as a gift. V.连词成句（聚焦句型结构） 1.the,I,met,girl,yesterday,who,is,this,(. 2.is,the,that,book,I,lost,yesterday,( 3.all,she,that,said,true,is,(. 4.we,the,saw,in,park,the,people,and,things,that,talked,about,( V.按要求改写句子（巩固用法区别） l.This is the pen.I bought the pen yesterday..(合并为含定语从句的句子) 2.She is the girl.he helped me with my homework..(合并为含定语从句的句子) 3.I like the story.The story is about a brave boy..(合并为含定语从句的句子) 4.This is the best film.I have ever seen the film.(合并为含定语从句的句子) 8下鲁教版（五四制） 【语法专版】 定语从句精讲 综合演练参考答案 I.单项选择：1B2.C3.C4.C Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空：1.is2.that/which3.that,have read4.that,is L.短文填空：1.who2.which/that3.which/that4.which/that5.which/that V.连词成句： 1.This is the girl who I met yesterday. 2.That is the book that I lost yesterday. 3.All that she said is true 4.We talked about the people and things that we saw in the park. V.按要求改写句子： 1.This is the pen that/which I bought yesterday. 2.She is the girl who helped me with my homework. 3.I like the story which/that is about a brave boy. 4.This is the best film that I have ever seen.