现在完成时have has done-2025-2026学年七年级英语下册语法重难点精讲（教科版五四制）

7下外研版 【寒假专版】 D版重难点精讲 寒假专版 【语法专题】现在完成时专项突破 初中外研版七年级下册 语法精讲 语法概述：现在完成时(have/has+done)-助动词have/has+动词的过去分词，用于表示过去发 生并持续到现在的动作或过去发生对现在有影响的动作。 重难点讲解 重难点一：现在完成时的构成及基本用法讲解： 现在完成时由“have/has+过去分词”构成，主语为第三人称单数时用has,其余人称用have。表 示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或动作从过去一直持续到现在（常与for、since等 时间状语连用)。 I have finished my homework.(过去完成的动作对现在的影响：现在没有作业了) She has lived in Beijing for five years.(动作从过去持续到现在：她现在仍住在北京) 真题再现： 1.(2024 山东青岛期中，外研版)一lave you the film before?一Yes,I saw it last month A.see B.saw C.seen D.seeing 答案：C 解析：现在完成时结构为have+过去分词，see的过去分词是seen。 2.（2023河北唐山月考，外研版)My father in this factory for20 years. A.work B.works C.worked D.has worked 答案：D解析：for20 years表示从过去持续到现在的时间，用现在完成时has worked。 重难点二：现在完成时与一般过去时的区别讲解： 现在完成时强调动作与现在的联系（影响或持续），不与具体过去时间状语（如yesterday,.last week) 连用：一般过去时仅表示过去某时发生的动作，与现在无关，常与具体过去时间状语连用。 7下外研版 【寒假专版】 D版重难点精讲 He has cleaned the room.(现在房间是干净的，强调结果) He cleaned the room yesterday..（仅说明昨天打扫的动作，不强调现在是否干净) 真题再现： 1.(2024天津和平区期末，外研版)-Whem_you_to Shanghai?一Last summer. A.have;gone B.did;go C.have;been D.will;go 答案：B 解析：Last summer是具体过去时间，用一般过去时，助动词did后接动词原形go。 2.(20231 山西太原期中，外研版)We already the Great Wall twice.It's amazing A.visit B.visited C.have visited D.will visit 答案：C解析：already(已经)是现在完成时标志词，强调对现在的影响（去过两次，现在 有这样的经历)。 重难点三：延续性动词与非延续性动词的使用讲解： 现在完成时中，与for/since引导的时间段连用时，需将非延续性动词（如buy,die,join)转化为延 续性动词（如have,be dead,bein)。 He has had the book for a week.(不能用bought,需用延续性动词had) His grandfather has been dead since2010.(不能用died,需用be dead) 真题再现： 1.(2024辽宁大连月考，外研版)一HIow longyou_this bike？-For two years. A.have;bought B.did;buy C.have;had D.will;buy 答案：C解析：For two years是时间段，buy是非延续性动词，需转化为延续性动词have, 用现在完成时have had。 2.(2023山东济南期末，外研版)My brother the army since2020.He is a good soldier. A.joined B.has joined C.has been in D.will join 答案：C解析：since2020是时间段，join是非延续性动词，需转化为bein,用现在完成时 has been in。 2 7下外研版 【寒假专版】 D版重难点精讲 重难点四：常见时间状语的用法讲解： 现在完成时常与以下时间状语连用： ●表示“已经”：already(肯定句)、yet(否定句/疑问句) 。表示“曾经”：ever、never 。表示“刚刚”：just 。表示“到目前为止”：so far、up to now I have already finished my homework.(肯定句用already) Have you ever been to London?(疑问句用ever) They haven't arrived yet..(否定句用yet) 真题再现： 1.（2024山东青岛期中，外研版)一lave you_been to the new park?-No,never A.ever B.yet C.just D.already 答案：A解析：never提示问句询问“是否曾经去过”，用ever。 2.(2023河北唐山月考，外研版)We have learned1000 English words A.last year B.yesterday C.so far D.tomorrow 答案：C解析：sofr(到目前为止)是现在完成时标志词，其他选项为过去/将来时间，不 符合。 易错点综合演练 I单项选择（直击重难点) 1.-you everto the history museum? -Yes.I went there last year A.Have;gone B.Did;go C.Have;been D.Will;go 2.My grandparents in this village for 50 years.They love living here 7下外研版 【寒假专版】 D版重难点精讲 A.live B.lived C.have lived D.will live 3.We already our classroom.Now it looks tidy. A.clean B.cleaned C.have cleaned D.will clean 4.-When your brotherback from Shanghai? -He came back yesterday. A.does;come B.did;come C.has;come D.will;come Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化句型结构） 1.She (not finish)her homework yet.She needs more time. 2.you ever(see)such a beautiful sunset before? 3.My father(work)in this company since 2010. 4.They (already leave)for the airport.We can't catch them now. Ⅲ.短文填空（综合运用现在完成时） 用have/has+过去分词或一般过去时的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺。 Hello,everyone!I'm Lucy.I(live)in this city for 10 years.I(move)here with my parents when I was five.Last year,I (visit)the science museum and (learn)a lot about space.My best friend Lilynever(be)there,so I(plan)to take her there next weekend. V.按要求改写句子（巩固否定、疑问句式） l.He has cleaned the blackboard.(改为否定句) 2.They saw the film last night..(对划线部分提问) 3.She has worked here for two years..(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答) 4 7下外研版 【寒假专版】 D版重难点精讲 4.We have eaten lunch already.(改为否定句) 参考答案 I.单项选择：1.C2.C3.C4.B Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空： 1.hasn't finished 2.Have;seen 3.has worked 4.have already left Ⅲ.短文填空： 1.have lived 2.moved 3.visited 4.learned 5.has;been 6.plan V.按要求改写句子： 1.He hasn't cleaned the blackboard. 2.When did they see the film? 3.Has she worked here for two years?Yes,she has 4.We haven't eaten lunch yet.