现在进行时和一般过去时-2025-2026学年七年级英语下册语法重难点精讲（沪外版）

7下新沪外版 【语法精讲】 重难点精讲 【语法专题】现在进行时和一般过去时专项 突破 初中沪外版七年级下册 语法精讲 语法概述：现在进行时=am/is/are+动词-ing形式，表示现在正在进行或发生的动作。一般过去 时=动词的过去式，表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 重难点讲解 重难点一：现在进行时与一般过去时的时态标志词区分讲解： 现在进行时强调动作正在发生，常用时间标志词有now、look、listen、at the moment等，结构为 “主语+be(am/is/are)+动词-ing形式”。 Look!The children are playing basketball on the playground.(look提示动作正在进行) I am reading a storybook now.(now提示现在进行时) 般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常用时间标志词有yesterday、last week、 two days ago、in2023等，结构为“主语+动词过去式+其他”。 She visited her uncle last Sunday.(last Sunday提示过去时间) They went to Beijing two years ago.(two days ago提示过去时间) 真题再现： 1.(2024上海浦东期中，沪外版)-What you_at8o'clock last night? -I was watching TV with my family. A.do;do B.are;doing C.did;do D.were;doing 答案：D解析：last night提示过去时间，at8o'clock强调过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，用 过去进行时，主语是you,be动词用were,后接doing。 2.(2023浙江杭州月考，沪外版)My father to the park with his friends yesterday afternoon. A.goes B.is going C.went 7下新沪外版 【语法精讲】 重难点精讲 D.will go 答案：C解析：yesterday afternoon是一般过去时的标志词，谓语动词用过去式went。 重难点二：现在进行时的动词g形式变化规则讲解： l.一般情况下，直接在动词后加-ing:play→playing,read→reading 2.以不发音的e结尾的动词，去e加-ing:take一taking,write→writing 3.以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写末尾辅音字母加-ing:un→unning, swim→swimming 4.以ie结尾的动词，变ie为y加-ing:lie→lying,.tie→tying He is taking photos in the garden.(takee-ing) The little girl is running fast to catch the bus..(tun双写n加-ing) 真题再现： 1.(2024江苏南京期末，沪外版)Listen!Someone.(sing)in the next room.We can hear it clearly. 答案：is singing解析：listen提示现在进行时，主语someone视为单数，be动词用is,sing 的-ing形式是直接加-ing。 2.(2023安徽合肥期中，沪外版)Look at the boy!Heis(swim)in the river.It's dangerous. 答案：swimming解析：look提示现在进行时，swim是以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个 辅音字母的动词，需双写m加-ing。 重难点三：一般过去时的动词过去式不规则变化讲解： 规则动词的过去式在词尾加-ed(如work→worked,play→played),而不规则动词的过去式需要 特殊记忆，常见的有：go→went,eat一→ate,see→saw,do→did,take一took,make一→made等。 She went to the supermarket yesterday..(go的过去式是went) They saw a lot of animals in the zoo last weekend.(seef的过去式是saw) 真题再现： 1.(2024上海徐汇月考，沪外版)My mother_(buy)a new dress for me on my birthday last year 答案：bought解析：last year提示一般过去时，buy的过去式是不规则变化bought。 2.(2023浙江宁波期末，沪外版)一What did you do last Sunday? -I my grandparents and lunch with them. A.visit;have B.visited;had C.am visiting;am having 2 7下新沪外版 【语法精讲】 重难点精讲 D.will visit;will have 答案：B解析：last Sunday提示一般过去时，两个并列谓语动词都用过去式，visit的过去式 是visited,.have的过去式是had。 重难点四：两种时态的否定句与疑问句结构讲解： 现在进行时： 否定句：主语+be+not+动词-ing形式 疑问句：Be+主语+动词-ing形式+其他？ He isn't playing football now.(否定句) Are they having a meeting at the moment?(疑问句) 一般过去时： 否定句：主语+didn't+动词原形 疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他？ She didn't finish her homework yesterday..(否定句) Did you go to the cinema last night?(疑问句) 真题再现： 1.(2024江苏苏州期中，沪外版)一you_basketball with your classmates yesterday? -No,I didn't.I played ping-pong. A.Do;play B.Did;play C.Are;playing D.Were;playing 答案：B解析：yesterday提示一般过去时，疑问句用Did开头，后接动词原形play。 2.(2023上海闵行期末，沪外版)The students(not clean)their classroom now.They are having a P.E.class 答案：aren't cleaning 解析：now提示现在进行时，否定句在be动词are后加not,缩写为 aren't,后接cleaning。 易错点综合演练 I单项选择（直击重难点) 1.-What you at 9 p.m.yesterday? -I was chatting with my friend online. A.do;do B.are;doing 3 7下新沪外版 【语法精讲】 重难点精讲 C.did;do D.were;doing 2.My brother to the library with his classmates last Saturday. A.goes B.is going C.went D.will go 3.Listen!The birds (sing)in the tree.But in the options here,which is correct? A.sing B.sings C.are singing D.sang 4.-youyour homework yesterday evening? -Yes,I finished it before 9 o'clock. A.Do;finish B.Did;finish C.Are;finishing D.Were;finishing 亚用所给词的适当形式填空（强化句型结构） 1.Look!The girl (run)towards the school bus.She might be late. 2.He (not watch)TV last night.He studied for the exam. 3.they(play)football on the playground now? 4.My mother(buy)a new coat for me on my birthday last year. 5.The students(read)books in the classroom at the moment. 血短文填空（综合运用两种时态） 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺。 Yesterday,I 1.(go)to the park with my family.We 2.(see)many beautiful flowers and trees there. My father 3.(take)some photos.Now,my brother 4.(look)at those photos on the computer.He 5.(laugh)happily because some photos are very funny. V.连词成句（聚焦句型结构） 1.playing,now,is,the,dog,with,a,ball,(. 2.last,she,to,Beijing,month,went,( 7下新沪外版 【语法精讲】 重难点精讲 3.they,at,8,yesterday,what,doing,were,o'clock,(? 4.didn't,he,homework,his,finish,yesterday,(. 5.the,are,students,English,now,class,having,an,( V.按要求改写句子（巩固否定、疑问句式） 1.She is playing the piano now.(改为否定句) 2.They went to the zoo last Sunday.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答) 3.He was reading a storybook at7p.m.yesterday..(对划线部分提问) 4.The children are playing games in the park.(改为一般疑问句) 参考答案 (答案缺失) 5