情态动词can may must should-2025-2026学年七年级英语下册语法重难点精讲（沪外版）

7下沪外版 【寒假专版】 新重难点精讲 寒假专版 【语法专题】情态动词专项突破 初中沪外版七年级下册 语法精讲 语法概述：情态动词can/may/must/should表示说话人的语气或态度，在句中不能单独作谓语，需 和动词原形一起构成谓语。 重难点讲解 重难点一：can的用法及辨析讲解： can表示“能、会”，指具备某种能力或客观可能性，否定形式为can't(cannot),疑问句将can提 至句首。 She can speak three languages.(能力) The door can't be opened.(可能性) Can you swim across the river?(疑间句) can还可用于请求允许，语气较口语化，相当于may,但may更正式。 Can I borrow your pen?(请求允许，非正式) May I come in?(请求允许，正式) 真题再现： 1.(2024 上海浦东期末，沪外版)一_you play the piano?一Yes,Ican,butI'm not good at it A.Must B.Should C.Can D.May 答案：C解析：根据答句中的can可知问句是询问能力，用Cn引导。 2.(2023江苏苏州期中，沪外版)It's too late.You_go home now,or your parents will worry. A.can B.can't C.must D.may 答案：B 解析：根据语境“太晚了”，此处表示“不能”再逗留，用cant。 1 7下沪外版 【寒假专版】 新重难点精讲 重难点二：nay的用法及辨析讲解： may表示“可以”，用于请求或给予许可，否定回答常用must't(禁止)或can't(不能)。 May I use your dictionary?(请求许可) You may leave the classroom now.(给予许可) 一May I smoke here??一No,you mustn't.(否定回答表禁止) may还可表示“可能”，指推测，常用于肯定句，否定句用may not。. It may rain tomorrow.(推测可能性) She may not come to the party..(否定推测) 真题再现： l.(2024浙江宁波月考，沪外版)一_I open the window?It's hot here.-Yes,you一 A.Must;can B.May;may C.Should;should D.Can;must 答案：B解析：第一空请求许可用May,第二空肯定回答用may,保持一致。 2.(2023安徽合肥期末，沪外版)You_play with fire.It's very dangerous. A.may not B.mustn't C.can't D.shouldn't 答案：B解析：根据“危险”可知此处表示“禁止”玩火，用ustn't。 重难点三：must的用法及辨析讲解： ust表示“必须、一定”，指主观上的义务或肯定推测，否定形式为ustn't（禁止)，否定回答用 needn't或don't have to(不必)。 You must finish your homework before dinner..(主观义务) She must be at home now.(肯定推测) 一Must I hand in the report today?一No,you needn't.(否定▣答表不必) must与have to的区别：must强调主观必须，have to强调客观需要。 I must study hard.(主观意愿) I have to study hard because of the exam.(客观要求) 真题再现： 1.(2024 福建厦门期中，沪外版)一_we clean the classroom now?一No,you一.You can do it after school A.Must;mustn't B.May;needn't C.Must;needn't D.Should;can't 2 7下沪外版 【寒假专版】 新重难点精讲 答案：C解析：第一空询问“必须现在打扫吗”用Must,第二空否定回答表“不必”用needn't。 2.(2023 江西南昌期末，沪外版)He_be in the library.I saw him there just now. A.must B.may C.can D.should 答案：A解析：根据“刚才看见他在那里”，此处表肯定推测，用ust。 重难点四：should的用法及辨析讲解： should表示“应该”，指建议、义务或责任，否定形式为shouldn't(不应该)。 You should respect your teachers.(义务) He should see a doctor..(建议) should还可用于推测，表示“按理应该”。 They should arrive here at7o'clock.(推测) should与ought to的区别：ought to语气更强，强调责任，should更常用。 We ought to help the poor.(强调责任) You should take an umbrella.(建议) 真题再现： l.(2024湖北武汉月考，沪外版)You_eat less junk food.It's bad for your health. A.should B.must C.may D.can 答案：A解析：根据“对健康有害”，此处表示“应该”少吃，用should。 2.(2023湖南长沙期末，沪外版)—What_I do if I feel tired?一You_have a good rest. A.should;should B.must;may C.can;must D.may,can 答案：A解析：第一空询问“应该”做什么用should,第二空提出建议“应该”休息用should。 重难点五：情态动词的否定形式及回答讲解： ca否定形式can't(不能、不可能) may否定形式may not（可能不)，否定回答用mustn'/can't must否定形式mustn't(禁止)，否定回答用needn't/don't have to should否定形式shouldn't(不应该) Can you swim?-No,I can't. 3 7下沪外版 【寒假专版】 新重难点精讲 May I go out?-No,you mustn't. Must I come early?-No,you needn't. -Should he apologize?-Yes,he should. 真题再现： 1.(2024广东广州期中，沪外版)一_I borrow your bike??-一Soy,you一.I need it now. A.May;can't B.Must;needn't C.Can;mustn't D.Should;shouldn't 答案：A解析：第一空请求许可用May,第二空因“需要使用”表“不能”借出，用can't。 2.(2023 四川成都期末，沪外版)—Must we wear uniforms at school??—No,we_.We can wear our own clothes on Fridays A.mustn't B.needn't C.can't D.shouldn't 答案：B解析：Must开头的疑问句否定回答用needn't,表示“不必”。 易错点综合演练 I单项选择（直击重难点） 1.-you speak French?My pen pal from Paris wants to make friends. A.Must B.Should C.Can D.May 2.It's raining heavily outside.You stay at home,or you'll get wet. A.can B.can't C.must D.may 3.-I park my bike here?The sign says"No Parking" A.Must B.May C.Should D.Can 7下沪外版 【寒假专版】 新重难点精讲 4.You brush your teeth twice a day to keep them healthy. A.should B.must C.may D.can Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化句型结构） 1.-(can)you play chess?-Yes,I can,but I need a partner. 2.She(may)not come to the party tonight because she has to study for the exam. 3.You(must)not run in the hallway.It's dangerous 4.-Should we tell him the truth?-Yes,we(should).He has the right to know. Ⅲ.短文填空（综合运用情态动词） 用can,may,must,.should的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺。 Hello,everyone!Welcome to our school library.Here are some rules you need to follow.First,you 1. keep quiet.No talking loudly.Second,you 2.bring food or drinks into the library.It will make the books dirty.Third,you 3.ask the librarian for help if you can't find the books you need.Fourth, you 4.return the books on time.If you want to keep them longer,you 5.tell the librarian first. And remember,you 6.take care of the books.Don't write or draw on them.I think if we follow these rules,we 7.have a good time reading here. V.连词成句（聚焦句型结构） 1.can,swim,you,fast,very,(? 2.may,I,your,use,dictionary,please,(? 3.must,we,on,time,arrive,for,class,(. 4.should,you,more,exercise,do,to,keep,healthy,(. V.按要求改写句子（巩固否定、疑问句式） 1.He can play the guitar well..(改为否定句) 2.May I leave the classroom now?(作否定回答) 5 7下沪外版 【寒假专版】 新重难点精讲 3.We must finish our homework before dinner.(改为一般疑问句并作否定▣答) 4.You should drink more water every day.(对划线部分提问) 参考答案 I.单项选择：1.C2.C3.B4.A Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空：1.Can2.may 3.must 4.should Ⅲ.短文填空： 1.must 2.must 3.can 4.must 5.may 6.should 7.can V.连词成句： 1.Can you swim very fast? 2.May I use your dictionary please? 3.We must arrive on time for class. 4.You should do more exercise to keep healthy. V.按要求改写句子： 1.He can't play the guitar well. 2.No,you mustn't. 3.Must we finish our homework before dinner?No,you needn't. 4.What should I do to keep healthy? 6