非谓语动词进阶-2025-2026学年九年级英语下册语法重难点精讲（沪教版）

9年级沪教上海版 【寒假专版】 D版重难点精讲 寒假专版 【语法专题】非谓语动词进阶专项突破 初中沪教上海版9年级 语法精讲 语法概述：非谓语动词进阶=不作谓语的动词形式(todo,doing,done),在句中可作主语、宾语、 表语、定语、状语、补语。 重难点讲解 重难点一：非谓语动词作主语的用法及区别讲解： 动词不定式(todo)作主语时，通常表示具体的、一次性的或将来的动作，常位于句首，也可用 t作形式主语，将真正主语后置。 To learn English well is important.(=It is important to learn English well.) 动名词(doing)作主语时，通常表示抽象的、习惯性的动作，可位于句首或句末，也可用it作形 式主语。 Swimming is good for health.(=It is good for health swimming.) 注意：单个不定式或动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数：两者并列作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 例句： To finish the work in three days is impossible.(不定式作主语，表具体动作) Reading aloud in the morning helps improve pronunciation.(动名词作主语，表习惯动作) 真题再现： l.(2024上海徐汇区期中，沪教上海版)in the sun is bad for your eyes. A.Read B.Toread C.Reading D.Reads 答案：C 解析：此处表示抽象的习惯性动作，应用动名词作主语，故选C。 2.(2023上海浦东区月考，沪教上海版)It is necessary us hands before meals A.for;to wash B.of;to wash C.for;washing D.of;washing 答案：A解析：句中it为形式主语，真正主语是不定式短语，“Itis+形容词+for sb.todo 1 9年级沪教上海版 【寒假专版】 D版重难点精讲 h.”为固定结构，故选A。 重难点二：非谓语动词作宾语的用法及固定搭配讲解： 有些动词后只能接不定式作宾语，常见的有want,hope,decide,plan,expect,wish,afford,agree,refuse 等。 He decided to study abroad next year. 有些动词后只能接动名词作宾语，常见的有enjoy,:mind,finish,practice,.keep,avoid,miss,suggest, admit,,consider等。 She enjoys listening to music in her free time. 有些动词后既可接不定式也可接动名词，意义基本相同，如like,love,hate,stat,begin,continue等： 有些意义不同，如remember(记得做过/去做)、forget(忘记做过/去做)、regret(后悔做过/遗憾 去做)、y(尝试做/尽力做)、stop(停止做/停下来去做)等。 I remember seeing him somewhere before.(记得做过某事) Remember to lock the door when you leave.(记得去做某事) 例句： My parents agreed to take me to the zoo this weekend.(agree to do sth.) They practiced speaking English every day.(practice doing sth. 真题再现： 1.(2024上海闵行区期末，沪教上海版)He tried the math problem,but he couldn't. A.solve B.solving C.to solve D.solved 答案：C 解析：y to do sth.表示“尽力做某事”，此处指尽力解数学题，故选C。 2.(2023上海长宁区期中，沪教上海版)Would you mind the window?It's too hot in the room. A.open B.to open C.opening D.opens 答案：C 解析：mind后接动名词作宾语，mind doing sth.表示“介意做某事”，故选C。 重难点三：非谓语动词作定语的用法及区别讲解： 不定式作定语时，通常位于被修饰名词之后，表示将来的动作或未完成的动作，与被修饰名词之 间存在逻辑上的动宾关系或主谓关系。 I have a lot of homework to do..(动宾关系，todo的逻辑宾语是homework) He is the first student to arrive at school.(主谓关系，to arrive的逻辑主语是student) 现在分词(doig)作定语时，位于被修饰名词之前或之后，表示主动或进行的动作，与被修饰名 词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系。 2 9年级沪教上海版 【寒假专版】 D版重难点精讲 The running water is very clear.（前置定语，表主动进行) The girl singing in the room is my sister..(后置定语，表主动进行) 过去分词(done)作定语时，位于被修饰名词之前或之后，表示被动或完成的动作，与被修饰名 词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。 The broken glass was thrown into the dustbin.(前置定语，表被动完成) The book written by Lu Xun is very popular.(后置定语，表被动完成) 例句： I need a pen to write with.(不定式作定语，表将来动作，与pen是动宾关系) The smiling boy is my brother.(现在分词作定语，表主动进行，与boy是主谓关系) The stolen bike was found by the police.(过去分词作定语，表被动完成，与bike是动宾关系) 真题再现： 1.(2024 上海黄浦区月考，沪教上海版)We should help the people_in trouble A.need B.needing C.to need D.needed 答案：B解析：people与need之间是主动关系，且表示正在进行的状态，应用现在分词作 定语，故选B。 2.(2023 上海静安区期末，沪教上海版)This is a story_by my grandma when I was young. A.tell B.to tell C.telling D.told 答案：D 解析：tory与tell之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语，表被动完成，故选D。 重难点四：非谓语动词作状语的用法及区别讲解： 不定式作状语可表示目的、结果或原因。表目的时可位于句首或句末，常与in order to,so as to连 用(so as to不能位于句首)：表结果时常用only to do结构，表意外结果；表原因时常用be+adj+to do结构。 He got up early to catch the first bus..（目的状语) He hurried to the station,.only to find the train had left.(结果状语，意外结果) I'm glad to see you..(原因状语) 现在分词作状语可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随或结果，与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的主 谓关系，且动作与谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生。 Walking in the park,I met an old friend..(时间状语，=When I was walking) Being ill,.he didn't go to school.(原因状语，=Because he was ill..) They stood there,waiting for the bus.(伴随状语) 过去分词作状语可表示时间、原因、条件、让步或伴随，与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系， 3 9年级沪教上海版 【寒假专版】 D版重难点精讲 且动作多为被动完成。 Seen from the hill,the city looks beautiful.（条件状语，=If the city is seen.) Deeply moved by the story,she cried.(原因状语，=Because she was deeply moved..) 例句： To improve his English,.he joined an English club.(不定式表目的) Working hard,you will succeed.(现在分词表条件) Given more time,we could finish the task better.(过去分词表条件) 真题再现： 1.(2024 上海杨浦区期中，沪教上海版)the door,,he found nobody in the room. A.Open B.Opening C.Opened D.To open 答案：B解析：句子主语he与open之间是主动关系，且open的动作与found同时发生，应 用现在分词作时间状语，故选B。 2.(2023上海虹口区月考，沪教上海版)by the teacher,Tom felt very happy. A.Praise B.Praising C.Praised D.To praise 答案：C解析：句子主语Tom与praise之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作原因状语，故选 C。 重难点五：非谓语动词的复合结构讲解： 不定式的复合结构为“for/ofsb.to do sth.”,当形容词描述人的品质特征时用of,其他情况用for。 It's kind of you to help me.(kind描述人的品质) It's difficult for him to solve the problem.(difficult描述事物特征) 动名词的复合结构为“sb.'s doing sth.”,当sb.为无生命名词或名词复数时，可用“sb.doing sth.”。 Tom's coming late made the teacher angry. Do you mind us smoking here? 独立主格结构：当非谓语动词的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致时，需在非谓语动词前加上自己的逻 辑主语，构成“名词/代词+非谓语动词”的独立主格结构，在句中作状语。 Weather permitting,we will go for a picnic tomorrow.(=If weather permits...) The work finished,they went home. 4 9年级沪教上海版 【寒假专版】 D版重难点精讲 易错点综合演练 L单项选择（直击重难点) 1.To learn English well important for students. A.am B.is C.are D.be 2.He enjoys basketball with his friends after school. A.play B.to play C.playing D.plays 3.Remember the lights when you leave the classroom. A.turn off B.to turn off C.turning off D.turned off 4.by the story,many students cried. A.Moving B.Moved C.Move D.To move Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化句型结构） 1.My brother decided (study)harder next term. 2.She practices (speak)English every morning. 3.It's kind of you (help)me with my homework. 4.(swim)is good for our health Ⅲ，短文填空（综合运用非谓语） 用非谓语动词的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺。 Tom likes(read)books in his free time.He hopes(read)10 books this year.Last week,he finished _(read)a storybook about science.His teacher suggested(write)a book report about it.Tom agreed (do)it and started(prepare)yesterday.He wants(finish)it by the end of this week. V.按要求改写句子（巩固非谓语用法） 9年级沪教上海版 【寒假专版】 D版重难点精讲 l.le wants to buy a new bike.(改为否定句) 一 2.They enjoy listening to music.(改为一般疑问句) 3.It is necessary for us to learn English.(改为同义句) 4.She forgot to lock the door..(对划线部分提问) 参考答案 I.单项选择：1.B2.C3B4.B Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空：1.to study2.speaking3.to help 4.Swimming Ⅲ短文填空： 1reading 2.to read 4.writing 5.to do 6.preparing 7.to finish V.按要求改写句子： 1.He doesn't want to buy a new bike. 2.Do they enjoy listening to music? 3.To learn English is necessary for us. 4.What did she forget to do? 6