不同时态的被动语态-2025-2026学年九年级英语下册语法重难点精讲（沪教版）

9年级沪教上海版 【寒假专版】 被动语态专项精讲 寒假专版 【语法专题】不同时态的被动语态专项突破 初中沪教上海版九年级 语法精讲 语法概述：不同时态的被动语态=主动语态的动作承受者作主语+b动词（根据时态变化）+动词 过去分词，强调动作的承受者或动作本身。 重难点讲解 重难点一：被动语态的基本结构及时态变化讲解： 被动语态基本结构为“be+及物动词过去分词”，时态通过be动词的形式变化体现。常见时态包 括一般现在时(am/is/are+过去分词入、一般过去时(was/were+过去分词)、一般将来时(will be+ 过去分词be going to be+过去分词)、现在完成时(have/has been+-过去分词)。 The classroom is cleaned every day..(一般现在时) This story was written by Lu Xun.(一般过去时) The project will be finished next month.(一般将来时) My homework has been completed.(现在完成时) 真题再现： 1.（2024 上海浦东期末，沪教上海版)Many trees in the park last spring. Aplant B planted C were planted D are planted 答案：C解析：last spring为一般过去时标志，tees与plant是被动关系，用一般过去时被 动语态were planted。 2.(2023 上海徐汇月考，沪教上海版)A new bridge_across the river next year A builds B will build C will be built Dis built 答案：C 解析：next year表示将来，bridge与build是被动关系，用一般将来时被动语态will be built。. 9年级沪教上海版 【寒假专版】 被动语态专项精讲 重难点二：主动语态变被动语态的方法讲解： 主动语态变被动语态步骤：1.将主动句宾语变为被动句主语；2.谓语动词变为“b+过去分词”（时 态与主动句一致)：3.主动句主语变为by短语（可省略）。 主动：They often help me.被动：I am often helped by them 主动：She will finish the work.被动：The work will be finished by her. 注意：不及物动词无被动语态：带双宾语的主动句变被动时，可将间接宾语或直接宾语作主语。 真题再现： 1.(2024 上海静安期中，沪教上海版)People speak English in many countries.(改为被动语态) English _in many countries. 答案：is spoken解析：主动句宾语English作主语，一般现在时被动语态结构为is spoken。 2.(2023 上海闵行期末，沪教上海版)My mother gave me a present on my birthday..(改为被动 语态) Apresent me by my mother on my birthday. 答案：was given to解析：直接宾语a present作主语，一般过去时被动语态结构为was given, 间接宾语前加to。 重难点三：含有情态动词的被动语态讲解： 结构为“情态动词+be+过去分词”，常见情态动词有can/may/must/should等。 This problem can be solved easily. Books must be returned to the library on time. 否定形式为“情态动词+not+be+过去分词”，疑问句将情态动词提前。 Your homework shouldn't be copied from others. Can this machine be repaired? 真题再现： 1.(2024上海杨浦月考，沪教上海版)We must keep the classroom clean.(改为被动语态) The classroom must clean. 答案：be kept解析：含有情态动词must的被动语态结构为must be+过去分词，keep的过 去分词为kept。 2.(2023 上海虹口期末，沪教上海版)一May the magazine_out of the reading room?一No,it can't. Atake B takes Cbe taken Dtook 答案：C解析：magazine与take是被动关系，may后接be+过去分词，构成被动语态。 2 9年级沪教上海版 【寒假专版】 被动语态专项精讲 重难点四：被动语态中by短语的用法讲解： by短语用于说明动作执行者，通常位于句末。强调执行者时不可省略，不强调时可省略。 The letter was written by my father.(强调执行者my father) The meeting will be held tomorrow.(不强调执行者，省略by短语) 注意：by短语中人称代词用宾格形式。 真题再现： 1.(2024上海普陀期中，沪教上海版)The Great Wall_by millions of people every year A visits B is visited C visited D was visited 答案：B,解析：every year为一般现在时标志，Great Wall与visit是被动关系，用一般现在 时被动语态is visited,.此处省略by短语不影响语法正确性。 2.(2023 上海松江期末，沪教上海版)This photo_一by my brother in the park last week Atakes B is taken C was taken Dtook 答案：C解析：last week为一般过去时标志，photo与take是被动关系，用一般过去时被动 语态was taken,by短语说明动作执行者my brother。 易错点综合演练 I单项选择（直击重难点） 1.The old house by workers last month. A repair B repaired C was repaired D is repaired 2.This book in many languages since 2010. A translates B translated Chas translated D has been translated 3.Your homework before class tomorrow A must finish B must be finished 3 9年级沪教上海版 【寒假专版】 被动语态专项精讲 C must have finished D must be finishing 4.The letters by the postman every morning. A are delivered B deliver C delivered D were delivered Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化句型结构） 1.A new hospital (build)in our town next year. 2.These photos(take)by my brother yesterday. 3.The problem(can solve)easily by students now. 4.This story(write)by a famous writer many years ago. 5.Vegetables (should wash)before cooking. Ⅲ短文填空（综合运用被动语态) 用括号内单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺。 A school concert 1.(hold)in our school hall last Friday.Many students 2.(invite)to perform.The piano piece 3.(play)by Lucy,a Grade 9 student.Her performance 4.(enjoy)by everyone.Some English songs 5.(sing)by the music club.All the programs 6.(praise)by the teachers.A lot of photos 7.(take)during the concert.We hope more concerts 8.(organize)in the future. V.连词成句（聚焦句型结构） 1.English,in many countries,is,spoken (. 2.be,the meeting,will,held,tomorrow(.) 3.by,this book,was,written,Lu Xun ( 4.should,the classroom,cleaned,be,every day ( 5.the work,has,finished,been,already (. V.按要求改写句子（巩固被动语态转换） l.They grow rice in the south of China.(改为被动语态) 2.We will hold a sports meeting next week.(改为被动语态) 4 9年级沪教上海版 【寒假专版】 被动语态专项精讲 3.You must return the books to the library on time.(改为被动语态) 4.The workers built the bridge last year.(对划线部分提间) 参考答案 I.单项选择：1.C2.D3.B4.A Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空：l.will be built2.were taken3.can be solved4.was written 5 should be washed Ⅲ.短文填空： 1.was held 2.were invited 3.was played 4.was enjoyed 5.were sung 6.were praised 7.were taken 8.will be organized IV.连词成句： 1.English is spoken in many countries. 2.The meeting will be held tomorrow 3.This book was written by Lu Xun. 4.The classroom should be cleaned every day. 5.The work has already been finished. V.按要求改写句子： 1.Rice is grown in the south of China. 2.A sports meeting will be held next week. 3.The books must be returned to the library on time. 4.When was the bridge built by the workers? 5