过去完成时-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册语法重难点精讲（沪教版）

8下沪教上海版 【寒假专版】 沪教上海版重难点精讲 寒假专版 【语法专题】过去完成时专项突破 初中沪教上海版八年级下册 语法精讲 语法概述：过去完成时(ad+过去分词)表示在过去某个时间或动作之前已经完成的动作，强 调“过去的过去”，在句中可作谓语。 重难点讲解 重难点一：过去完成时的构成及基本用法讲解： 过去完成时表示在过去某个时间或动作之前已经完成的动作，强调“过去的过去”。其基本构成 为“主语+had+动词过去分词”(had无人称和数的变化)。常与“by+过去时间点”“before+过 去时间/从句”“whem+过去时从句”等时间状语连用。 -By the time I arrived at the station,.the train had already left.(我到车站时，火车已经开走了一“到 车站”是过去动作，“开走”发生在“到车站”之前) ,She realized she had forgotten to bring her keys when she got home.(她到家时才意识到忘带钥匙了 “忘带钥匙”发生在“到家”之前) 真题再现： 1.(2024 上海浦东期末，沪教上海版)Tom said he the film twice before he came to Shanghai, A.sees B.saw C.has seen D.had seen 答案：D解析：“came to Shanghai'”是过去动作，“看电影”发生在“来上海”之前，即“过 去的过去”，用过去完成时“had seen”。 2.(2023上海徐汇月考，沪教上海版)When the police arrived,the thieves_already一away A.have;run B.had;run C.will;run D.are;running 答案：B解析：“arrived”是过去动作，“逃跑”发生在“到达”之前，用过去完成时“had un”。 8下沪教上海版 【寒假专版】 沪教上海版重难点精讲 重难点二：过去完成时与一般过去时的区别讲解： ,过去完成时：强调两个过去动作的先后关系，即一个动作在另一个过去动作之前完成，需用 “had+过去分词”。 ·一般过去时：仅表示过去发生的动作或状态，不强调与其他过去动作的先后顺序，用动词过去 式。 -当句中有明确的时间状语（如“yesterday”“last week”)仅表示过去某个时间发生的动作时，用 般过去时；若有“before+过去时间/从句”“by+过去时间”等，需用过去完成时。 -I finished my homework at9 pm last night.（仅说明“昨晚9点完成作业”，用一般过去时) -I had finished my homework before my parents came back.(“完成作业”在“父母回来”之前，用 过去完成时) 真题再现： 1.(2024上海闵行期中，沪教上海版)My father_in this company for 10 years before he quit his job last year A.works B.worked C.has worked D.had worked 答案：D解析：“quit his job last year”是过去动作，“在公司工作l0年”发生在“辞职”之 前，强调“过去的过去”，用过去完成时“had worked”。 2.(2023上海静安期末，沪教上海版)We_the museum and went to the park yesterday afternoon. A.visit B.visited C.have visited D.had visited 答案：B解析：“yesterday afternoon”是明确的过去时间状语，“参观博物馆”和“去公园” 是先后发生的两个过去动作，均用一般过去时，无需强调“过去的过去”，故选“visited”。 重难点三：过去完成时在宾语从句中的应用讲解： 当主句谓语动词为一般过去时（如said,thought,kew等)，且宾语从句的动作发生在主句动作之 前时，宾语从句需用过去完成时。 -He told me he hadnever been to Beijing before.(主句“told”是过去时，“没去过北京”发生在“告 诉”之前，用过去完成时) -The teacher asked if we had finished our homework.(主句“asked”是过去时，“完成作y业”发生在 “问”之前，用过去完成时) 真题再现： l.(2024上海虹口期末，沪教上海版)Mary said she_to the Great Wall with her family the year 2 8下沪教上海版 【寒假专版】 沪教上海版重难点精讲 before. A.go B.goes C.went D.had gone 答案：D解析：主句“said”是过去时，“去长城”发生在“说”之前的“the year before”(前 年)，即“过去的过去”，用过去完成时“had gone'”。 2.(2023上海杨浦月考，沪教上海版)I didn'tk1 ow that M.Li_the school for20 years by2022 A.has joined B.had joined C.has been in D.had been in 答案：D解析：“didn’t know”是过去时，“by2022”是过去时间点，“在学校工作20年” 是延续性动作，需用过去完成时的延续性结构“had been in”(join为短暂性动词，不能与时 间段连用)。 重难点四：过去完成时的时间状语标志讲解： 过去完成时常与以下时间状语连用，需重点记忆： l.by+过去时间点：by last Friday(到上周五为止)、by the end of last month(到上月底为止) 2.before+过去时间/从句：before she left(在她离开之前)、before2020(2020年之前) 3.whe/after+过去时从句：when I got up（当我起床时)、after he finished his work(在他完成工 作后) 4.already/yet/never/ever(用于肯定句、否定句或疑问句，强调动作完成) -They had already prepared the dinner when we arrived.(我们到的时候，他们已经做好晚饭了) -She hadn't heard the news yet by yesterday evening..(到昨晚为止，她还没听到这个消息) 真题再现： 1.(2024上海长宁期末，沪教上海版)By the time we got to the cinema,.the film_for10 minutes. A.had begun B.had been on C.has begun D.has been on 答案：B解析：“got to the cinema”是过去动作，“电影开始10分钟”发生在“到达”之前， 且“forl0 minutes”是时间段，需用延续性动词“beon”的过去完成时“had been on”(begin 为短暂性动词，不能与时间段连用)。 2.(2023上海普陀期中，沪教上海版)y brother told me he_never such a delicious meal before. A.has;tasted 8下沪教上海版 【寒假专版】 沪教上海版重难点精讲 B.had:tasted C.will;taste D.is;tasting 答案：B解析：主句“told”是过去时，“before”提示“尝过”发生在“告诉”之前，且 “never”是过去完成时的标志词，用“had tasted”。 易错点综合演练 L单项选择（直击重难点） 1.By the time I woke up,my parentsalready left for work. A.have B.had C.will have D.are having 2.When we arrived at the cinema,the movie for ten minutes. A.has started B.started C.had started D.had been on 3.She said she the English novel before A.reads B.read C.hasread D.hadread 4.My brother in this school for five years before he moved to Beijing A.studies B.studied C.has studied D.had studied Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化句型结构） 1.He told me he(see)the film twice before last month. 2.By the end of last year,we(live)in this city for ten years. 3.When I got to the bus stop,the busalready(leave). 4.She realized she (forget)to lock the door until she got to school. 4 8下沪教上海版 【寒假专版】 沪教上海版重难点精讲 5.They(finish)their homework before their parents came back. 血短文填空（综合运用过去完成时） 用动词的适当形式填空（注意使用过去完成时），使短文完整通顺。 Last Sunday,Lucy went to visit her grandparents.When she got there,her grandparents(already cook)lunch.They(prepare)all the dishes before she arrived.Lucy was very happy because her grandma(make)her favorite fish.Her grandpa told her he(plant)some new flowers in the garden the day before.Lucy said she(never /see)such beautiful flowers before.They(have)a wonderful lunch together.After lunch,Lucy(help)her grandma wash the dishes. V.连词成句（聚焦句型结构） 1.had,before,she,the,seen,film,yesterday,(. 2.already,the,when,arrived,guests,dinner,had,we,prepared,( 3.he,that,said,he,to,never,been,Beijing,had,(. 4.by,last,they,the,finished,work,Friday,had,( 5.left,the,train,when,station,I,had,already,arrived,the,(. V.按要求改写句子（巩固否定、疑问句式） l.He had finished his homework before9 pm last night.(改为否定句) 2.They had lived in this house for five years by2023.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答) 3.She said she had seen the movie.(对划线部分提问) 4.By the time I got home,.my sister had cooked dinner..(改为同义句) Before I got home,my sister dinner. 参考答案 I单项选择：1B2.D3.D4.D Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空：1.had seen2.had lived3.had,left4.had forgotten5.had finished 5 8下沪教上海版 【寒假专版】 沪教上海版重难点精讲 Ⅲ.短文填空： 1.had already cooked 2.had prepared 3.had made 4.had planted 5.had never seen 6.had 7.helped V.连词成句： 1.She had seen the film before yesterday. 2.When we arrived,the guests had already prepared dinner. 3.He said that he had never been to Beijing. 4.They had finished the work by last Friday. 5.When I arrived,the train had already left the station. V按要求改写句子： 1.He hadn't finished his homework before 9 pm last night. 2.Had they lived in this house for five years by 2023?Yes,they had 3.What did she say she had done? 4.had cooked 6