Unit 2 Body language （重难词汇精练）英语新教材沪教版八年级下册

Unit 2 Body language 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 v. 摇动；抖动 v. 点头 v. 鼓掌；拍手 n. 意义 n. 夫人；女士 adv. 立即；马上 n. 老板 adj. 羞怯的；腼腆的 n. 表情；神色 n. 具体情况；事例 n. 印象 adj. 直接的 v. 使保持 adv. 真诚地 v. 注意到；观察到 v. 假定；假设 v. 提醒；使想起 n. 行为；举止 n. 芭蕾舞 adj. 不自在的 *v. 强调 短语 抬起 目光接触 坐起来；坐直 注意 给......留下好印象 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. expression——__________（v.）表达 2. impression——__________（v.）留下深刻印象 3. observe——__________（n.）观察，观测 4. remind——__________（n.）提醒，通知单 5. meaning——__________（v.）意思是，意味着 6. immediately——__________（adj.）马上的 7. shy——__________（n.）害羞 8. direct——__________（adv.）直接地 9. truly——__________（adj.）真正的，确实的 10. behaviour——__________（v.）表现 词汇语境练-句子 三、单项选择 1. —Many young people spend hours watching short videos nowadays. —It’s a common habit, but some people worry it might _________ mind laziness instead of deep thinking. A. encourage B. improve C. hold D. protect 2. The school meeting will take place in the hall tomorrow. A. start B. occur C. happen D. be held 3. —Why do you write down these numbers in your notebook? —I hope they can ________ me of my friends’ birthdays. A. warn B. remind C. cheat D. ask 4. —What’s the ________ of the meeting? —To talk about the travel plan. A. meaning B. result C. purpose D. way 5. —Could you please bring us some coffee? —________. Would you like black coffee or milky coffee? A. Never mind B. Don’t worry C. No problem D. Good luck 6. —Where’s Mr. Zhang, do you know? —Well, it’s hard to say. But I saw him ________ a football game just now. A. watching B. watched C. was watching D. has watched 7. — Sometimes I get embarrassed (尴尬的) when I speak to strangers. — Maybe you can attend a course to improve your ________ skills. A. information B. communication C. instruction D. situation 8. Smile as ________ is very important in our daily communication. A. impression B. expression C. protection D. situation 9. The record he holds has not been broken so far. A. suffers B. keeps C. hurts D. beats 10. The story ________ me of an old friend of mine. A. makes B. realizes C. reminds D. remembers 四、根据汉语提示填空 1. She (提醒) me not to copy homework yesterday. 2. The girl likes smiling, and always gives others a good first (印象). 3. If we can (保持住，抓住) important chances in our life, we will be more likely to succeed. 4. When the fire bell went off, all the students left the building . (立即) 5. We Chinese usually (摇动) hands when we meet for the first time. 6. The dictionaries give us the (意思) of different words. 7. You may feel (不舒服) if you are always unhappy. 五、根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项只用一次，有两项剩余。 minutes   until   uncomfortable  it  your  polite   placed  directly  influence  or  folk  thank   How to Be Polite at a Dinner Table manners and etiquette (礼仪) rules change over time, but you still should follow some rules. If you go to a dinner party, remember to use common table manners and be 1 to the host. Using Common Table Manners 1. Place your napkin (餐巾纸). Before you begin eating, make sure your napkin is 2 on your lap. 2. Don’t talk with your mouth full. If you have something to say, wait 3 you finish the food in your mouth. 3. Don’t chew (咀嚼) loudly. 4 is also a good idea to keep your mouth closed while you are chewing. 4. Respect different cultural practices. Some cultures have different rules and table manners. For example, in some Asian cultures soup is eaten without using a spoon. Instead, the bowl is brought 5 to the mouth. If you don’t know whether it’s polite or not, ask your host or just do as other guests do. Being a Polite Dinner Guest 1. Arrive on time. Usually, you should try to arrive within 15 6 of the start time. Do not show up too early or too late. If you arrive early, walk around the street a few times 7 read in your car until the start time. If you are going to be over an hour late, tell the host. 2. Dress properly. 8 clothes should make you feel comfortable and confident. If you are in shorts but the other guests are wearing evening dresses, you will likely feel 9 . 3. Bring a small gift. You can take flowers, fresh jams or chocolates as a gift. A gift is a nice way to 10 the host. 词汇语境练-语篇 六、语法填空 Body language is used for sending messages to one another. It is very 1 (use) because it can help you make yourself easily understood. When you are talking with others, you are using not only words but also 2 (expression) and gestures. For example, 3 (wave) one’s hand is to say “Goodbye”. A smile 4 (show) a warm welcome, and clapping (拍) hands means congratulations. Nodding one’s head means agreement while shaking one’s head means disagreement. Those gestures are accepted both by the 5 (China) and foreigners. Different 6 (country) have different kinds of body languages. For example, men in Russia, France and Arab countries kiss each other when they meet, but men in China and Australia shake hands instead of 7 (kiss). People in Puerto Rico like touching each other, but people from English-speaking countries don’t touch each other. If you touch 8 English person, you should say “Sorry”. People in Arab countries like to stand close to one another when they are talking, but English people must keep a distance away when they are talking. In some Asian countries, you must not touch the head of another person. In some parts of Asia, you must not sit with 9 (you) feet pointing at another person. When you learn a foreign language, it’s very important to know the meaning of gestures and body movements in the country. 10 (follow) the customs will help you communicate with the local people easily and make your stay there comfortable. 七、完形填空 When you wave (挥手) to a friend, you are using body language. When you smile at someone, you mean to be 1 . When you put one finger in front of your 2 , you mean “Be quiet”. Yet, people in different countries may use different body languages. Once an Englishman was in Italy. He could speak little 3 . One day while he was walking in the street, he felt 4 and went into a restaurant. When the waiter came up, the Englishman 5 his mouth, put his fingers into it and took them out again and moved his lips (嘴唇). In this way, he 6 to say, “Bring me something to eat.” But the waiter brought him a lot of things to 7 . First tea, then coffee, then milk, but no food. The Englishman was 8 that he was not able to tell the waiter he was hungry. He was ready to leave the restaurant when another man 9 and put his hand on his stomach. And this gesture was good enough for the waiter. In a few minutes, the waiter brought him a large plate of bread and meat. 10 the Englishman had his meal in the same way. 1. A. worried B. friendly C. serious D. bored 2. A. eye B. hand C. mouth D. nose 3. A. English B. Chinese C. Japanese D. Italian 4. A. hungry B. tired C. thirsty D. full 5. A. washed B. opened C. closed D. touched 6. A. meant B. offered C. decided D. planned 7. A. eat B. play C. drink D. smell 8. A. pleasant B. afraid C. sorry D. excited 9. A. took out B. came in C. put on D. took away 10. A. At last B. So far C. Since then D. For now $Unit 2 Body language 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 一、汉译英 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 shake v. 摇动；抖动 nod v. 点头 clap v. 鼓掌；拍手 meaning n. 意义 madam n. 夫人；女士 immediately adv. 立即；马上 boss n. 老板 shy adj. 羞怯的；腼腆的 expression n. 表情；神色 case n. 具体情况；事例 impression n. 印象 direct adj. 直接的 hold v. 使保持 truly adv. 真诚地 observe v. 注意到；观察到 suppose v. 假定；假设 remind v. 提醒；使想起 behaviour n. 行为；举止 ballet n. 芭蕾舞 uncomfortable adj. 不自在的 *emphasize *v. 强调 短语 hold something up 抬起 eye contact 目光接触 sit up 坐起来；坐直 pay attention 注意 make a good impression on 给......留下好印象 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. expression——__________（v.）表达 2. impression——__________（v.）留下深刻印象 3. observe——__________（n.）观察，观测 4. remind——__________（n.）提醒，通知单 5. meaning——__________（v.）意思是，意味着 6. immediately——__________（adj.）马上的 7. shy——__________（n.）害羞 8. direct——__________（adv.）直接地 9. truly——__________（adj.）真正的，确实的 10. behaviour——__________（v.）表现 【答案】1. express 2. impress 3. observation 4. reminder 5. mean 6. immediate 7. shyness 8. directly 9. true 10. behave 词汇语境练-句子 三、单项选择 1. —Many young people spend hours watching short videos nowadays. —It’s a common habit, but some people worry it might _________ mind laziness instead of deep thinking. A. encourage B. improve C. hold D. protect 2. The school meeting will take place in the hall tomorrow. A. start B. occur C. happen D. be held 3. —Why do you write down these numbers in your notebook? —I hope they can ________ me of my friends’ birthdays. A. warn B. remind C. cheat D. ask 4. —What’s the ________ of the meeting? —To talk about the travel plan. A. meaning B. result C. purpose D. way 5. —Could you please bring us some coffee? —________. Would you like black coffee or milky coffee? A. Never mind B. Don’t worry C. No problem D. Good luck 6. —Where’s Mr. Zhang, do you know? —Well, it’s hard to say. But I saw him ________ a football game just now. A. watching B. watched C. was watching D. has watched 7. — Sometimes I get embarrassed (尴尬的) when I speak to strangers. — Maybe you can attend a course to improve your ________ skills. A. information B. communication C. instruction D. situation 8. Smile as ________ is very important in our daily communication. A. impression B. expression C. protection D. situation 9. The record he holds has not been broken so far. A. suffers B. keeps C. hurts D. beats 10. The story ________ me of an old friend of mine. A. makes B. realizes C. reminds D. remembers 【答案】1-5 ADBCC 6-10 ABBBC 四、根据汉语提示填空 1. She (提醒) me not to copy homework yesterday. 2. The girl likes smiling, and always gives others a good first (印象). 3. If we can (保持住，抓住) important chances in our life, we will be more likely to succeed. 4. When the fire bell went off, all the students left the building . (立即) 5. We Chinese usually (摇动) hands when we meet for the first time. 6. The dictionaries give us the (意思) of different words. 7. You may feel (不舒服) if you are always unhappy. 【答案】1. reminded 2. impression 3. hold 4. immediately 5. shake 6. meaning 7. uncomfortable 五、根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项只用一次，有两项剩余。 minutes   until   uncomfortable  it  your  polite   placed  directly  influence  or  folk  thank   How to Be Polite at a Dinner Table manners and etiquette (礼仪) rules change over time, but you still should follow some rules. If you go to a dinner party, remember to use common table manners and be 1 to the host. Using Common Table Manners 1. Place your napkin (餐巾纸). Before you begin eating, make sure your napkin is 2 on your lap. 2. Don’t talk with your mouth full. If you have something to say, wait 3 you finish the food in your mouth. 3. Don’t chew (咀嚼) loudly. 4 is also a good idea to keep your mouth closed while you are chewing. 4. Respect different cultural practices. Some cultures have different rules and table manners. For example, in some Asian cultures soup is eaten without using a spoon. Instead, the bowl is brought 5 to the mouth. If you don’t know whether it’s polite or not, ask your host or just do as other guests do. Being a Polite Dinner Guest 1. Arrive on time. Usually, you should try to arrive within 15 6 of the start time. Do not show up too early or too late. If you arrive early, walk around the street a few times 7 read in your car until the start time. If you are going to be over an hour late, tell the host. 2. Dress properly. 8 clothes should make you feel comfortable and confident. If you are in shorts but the other guests are wearing evening dresses, you will likely feel 9 . 3. Bring a small gift. You can take flowers, fresh jams or chocolates as a gift. A gift is a nice way to 10 the host. 【答案】1．polite 2．placed 3．until 4．It 5．directly 6．minutes 7．or 8．Your 9．uncomfortable 10．thank 【导语】本文围绕在晚宴上如何做到有礼貌展开，详细阐述了使用常见餐桌礼仪的具体做法，如摆放餐巾、不口含食物说话等，还介绍了作为礼貌晚宴宾客的注意事项，包括准时到达、穿着得体、带上小礼物等，旨在指导人们在晚宴场合遵循礼仪规范，展现良好素养。 1．句意：如果你去参加晚宴，记得使用常见的餐桌礼仪并对主人有礼貌。根据“remember to use common table manners”以及常识可知，参加晚宴要对主人有礼貌，“polite有礼貌的”符合语境，be polite to sb.“对某人有礼貌”。故填polite。 2．句意：在你开始用餐前，确保你的餐巾放在腿上。根据“Before you begin eating”以及“on your lap”可知，这里说用餐前餐巾的摆放位置，“place放置”符合语境，“napkin”与“place”之间是被动关系，要用被动语态“be+过去分词”，“place”的过去分词是“placed”。故填placed。 3．句意：如果你有话要说，等你吃完嘴里的食物。根据“you finish the food in your mouth”可知这是等待的时间节点，“until直到”符合语境，引导时间状语从句。故填until。 4．句意：当你咀嚼的时候保持嘴巴闭着也是个好主意。根据“...is also a good idea to keep your mouth closed while you are chewing.”可知，“It is a good idea to do sth.”是固定句型，表示“做某事是个好主意”，这里用“it”作形式主语，真正的主语是“to keep your mouth closed while you are chewing”。首字母大写，故填It。 5．句意：相反，碗要直接拿到嘴边。根据“in some Asian cultures soup is eaten without using a spoon”可知，这里描述亚洲一些文化中喝汤的方式，碗是直接拿到嘴边，“directly直接地”符合语境，副词修饰动词“brought”。故填directly。 6．句意：通常，你应该尽量在开始时间的15分钟内到达。根据“Usually, you should try to arrive within 15...of the start time.”可知，这里说到达的时间范围，“minutes分钟”符合语境，“15 minutes”意为“15分钟”。故填minutes。 7．句意：如果你来得早，在街上走几圈或者在车里看书直到开始时间。根据“If you arrive early, walk around the street a few times...read in your car until the start time.”可知，“walk around the street a few times”与“read in your car”是选择关系，用“or或者”连接。故填or。 8．句意：你的衣服应该让你感觉舒适和自信。根据“...clothes should make you feel comfortable and confident.”可知，这里说的是参加晚宴时“你的”衣服，“your你的”符合语境，形容词性物主代词修饰“clothes”。首字母大写，故填Your。 9．句意：如果你穿着短裤，而其他客人都穿着晚礼服，你可能会觉得不舒服。根据“you are in shorts but the other guests are wearing evening dresses”可知，这种穿着差异会让人感觉不舒服，“uncomfortable”意为“不舒服的”，符合语境，在句中作表语。故填uncomfortable。 10．句意：礼物是感谢主人的好方式。根据“Bring a small gift.”以及“the host”可知，送礼物是为了感谢主人，“thank感谢”符合语境，to后接动词原形构成不定式。故填thank。 词汇语境练-语篇 六、语法填空 Body language is used for sending messages to one another. It is very 1 (use) because it can help you make yourself easily understood. When you are talking with others, you are using not only words but also 2 (expression) and gestures. For example, 3 (wave) one’s hand is to say “Goodbye”. A smile 4 (show) a warm welcome, and clapping (拍) hands means congratulations. Nodding one’s head means agreement while shaking one’s head means disagreement. Those gestures are accepted both by the 5 (China) and foreigners. Different 6 (country) have different kinds of body languages. For example, men in Russia, France and Arab countries kiss each other when they meet, but men in China and Australia shake hands instead of 7 (kiss). People in Puerto Rico like touching each other, but people from English-speaking countries don’t touch each other. If you touch 8 English person, you should say “Sorry”. People in Arab countries like to stand close to one another when they are talking, but English people must keep a distance away when they are talking. In some Asian countries, you must not touch the head of another person. In some parts of Asia, you must not sit with 9 (you) feet pointing at another person. When you learn a foreign language, it’s very important to know the meaning of gestures and body movements in the country. 10 (follow) the customs will help you communicate with the local people easily and make your stay there comfortable. 【答案】1. useful 2. expressions 3. waving 4. shows 5. Chinese 6. countries 7. kissing 8. an 9. your 10. Following 【导语】本文主要介绍了肢体语言的重要性。 1. 句意：它非常有用，因为可以帮助你使自己容易被理解。根据“It is very…”可知，空处需要填写形容词。useful“有用的”，形容词，故填useful。 2. 句意：当你与他人交谈时，你使用的不仅是话语，还有表情和手势。根据“…and gestures”可知，空处需要填写可数名词复数，expressions“表情”，故填expressions。 3. 句意：例如，挥手表示“再见”。该句使用动名词作主语，故填waving。 4. 句意：微笑表示热烈欢迎，拍手表示祝贺。根据“and clapping (拍) hands means congratulations.”可知，句子时态是一般现在时，空处缺少谓语，主语是A smile，谓语动词使用三单形式，故填shows。 5. 句意：这些手势被中国人和外国人都接受。根据“…and foreigners”可知，此处表示“中国人”，故填Chinese。 6. 句意：不同的国家有不同种类的肢体语言。根据“Different…have”可知，空处填写可数名词复数，故填countries。 7. 句意：但中国和澳大利亚的男性则握手而非亲吻。根据“instead of”可知，instead of doing sth“而不是做某事”，故填kissing。 8. 句意：如果你碰到英国人，你应该说“对不起”。根据“English person”可知，此处表泛指，空处应该填写不定冠词，English以元音音素发音开头，故填an。 9. 句意：在亚洲某些地方，你不能坐着将脚指向另一个人。空后是名词feet，此处使用形容词性物主代词your，故填your。 10. 句意：遵循当地的习惯会帮助你轻松与当地人交流，并使你在那里的逗留更加舒适。该句使用动名词作主语，句首单词首字母大写，故填Following。 七、完形填空 When you wave (挥手) to a friend, you are using body language. When you smile at someone, you mean to be 1 . When you put one finger in front of your 2 , you mean “Be quiet”. Yet, people in different countries may use different body languages. Once an Englishman was in Italy. He could speak little 3 . One day while he was walking in the street, he felt 4 and went into a restaurant. When the waiter came up, the Englishman 5 his mouth, put his fingers into it and took them out again and moved his lips (嘴唇). In this way, he 6 to say, “Bring me something to eat.” But the waiter brought him a lot of things to 7 . First tea, then coffee, then milk, but no food. The Englishman was 8 that he was not able to tell the waiter he was hungry. He was ready to leave the restaurant when another man 9 and put his hand on his stomach. And this gesture was good enough for the waiter. In a few minutes, the waiter brought him a large plate of bread and meat. 10 the Englishman had his meal in the same way. 1. A. worried B. friendly C. serious D. bored 2. A. eye B. hand C. mouth D. nose 3. A. English B. Chinese C. Japanese D. Italian 4. A. hungry B. tired C. thirsty D. full 5. A. washed B. opened C. closed D. touched 6. A. meant B. offered C. decided D. planned 7. A. eat B. play C. drink D. smell 8. A. pleasant B. afraid C. sorry D. excited 9. A. took out B. came in C. put on D. took away 10. A. At last B. So far C. Since then D. For now 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. A 【导语】本文介绍了一个英国人在意大利餐厅就餐时，由于肢体语言的差异，服务员不明白他所表达的意思。最后这位英国人学习另一个人点餐的动作，最后成功点到了餐。文章告诉我们，不同国家的人使用不同的肢体语言。 1. 句意：当你对某人微笑时，你的意思是表示友好。 worried担心的；friendly友好的；serious严肃的；bored无聊的。根据“When you smile at someone”可知，对某人微笑是表示友好。故选B。 2. 句意：当你把一根手指放在嘴前，意思是“安静”。 eye眼睛；hand手；mouth嘴；nose鼻子。根据“Be quiet”可知，手指放嘴前是示意安静。故选C。 3. 句意：他几乎不会说意大利语。 English英语；Chinese汉语；Japanese日语；Italian意大利语。根据“Once an Englishman was in Italy”可知，是指他几乎不会说意大利语。故选D。 4. 句意：有一天，当他走在街上时，他感到饿了，于是走进了一家餐馆。 hungry饥饿的；tired累的；thirsty渴的；full饱的。根据“went into a restaurant.”可知，是感到饿了。故选A。 5. 句意：当服务员走过来时，英国人张开嘴，把手指伸进去，然后又拿出来，动了动嘴唇。 washed洗；opened打开；closed关闭；touched触摸。根据“put his fingers into it”可知，是张开嘴，把手指伸进去。故选B。 6. 句意：这样，他的意思是，“给我拿点吃的来。” meant意思是；offered提供；decided决定；planned计划。根据前文英国人一系列动作可知，他在用手势表达自己的意思。故选A。 7. 句意：但是服务员给他带来了很多喝的东西。 eat吃；play玩；drink喝；smell闻。根据“First tea, then coffee, then milk”可知，这些都是喝的。故选C。 8. 句意：那个英国人很遗憾，他不能告诉服务员他饿了。 pleasant令人愉快的；afraid害怕的；sorry遗憾的；excited兴奋的。根据“he was not able to tell the waiter he was hungry”可知，这个人很遗憾不能告诉服务员自己的意图。故选C。 9. 句意：当他准备离开餐厅时，另一个男人走进来，把手放在他的肚子上。 took out取出；came in进来；put on穿上；took away拿走。根据“another man ... and put his hand on his stomach.”可知，是指另一个人进入餐馆。故选B。 10. 句意：最终，英国人用同样的方式吃到了饭。 At last 最终；So far至今为止；Since then从那以后；For now暂时。根据“the Englishman had his meal in the same way”可知，是指最终英国人吃到了饭。故选A。 $