Unit4 Focusing on culture课件- 2025-2026学年沪教版英语八年级下册

Warm-up Do you know where these artworks were made? What do you think the woman in the photo did? What challenges do you think she faced in her life? Prediction Why is Fan Jinshi called “the daughter of Dunhuang”? Fan Jinshi: the daughter of Dunhuang Dunhuang’s Mogao Caves is one of China’s first UNESCO World Heritage Sites. It has the world’s largest collection of Buddhist art. The caves are full of priceless wall paintings and sculptures. Unfortunately, the site has been damaged by sand, weather and human activity. Thanks to the hard work of Fan Jinshi and her colleagues, we can still see these cultural treasures today. Fan began working as an archaeologist in Dunhuang after she graduated from Peking University. Her job was to study and protect the Dunhuang artworks. One day when she was comparing old photos with new ones, she made a shocking discovery. Some caves were completely different, and some of the old artworks were gone. “Will this happen to all the paintings?” she wondered. Fan made up her mind: she had to save these cultural treasures. Fan and her colleagues did everything they could: they limited the number of visitors, they put doors on the caves, and they did their best to control the temperature and humidity inside. However, Fan soon realized that the damage could only be slowed down—they could not stop it completely. In this harsh natural environment, these caves simply wouldn’t last forever. It was heartbreaking to think about it, but Fan did not give up. She and her colleagues continued to search for ways of preserving the treasures. They finally decided to make digital copies of the paintings. This was the start of the Digital Dunhuang project. After many years of hard work, the first part of the collection came online in 2016. Now, people all over the world can explore the unique art of the Mogao Caves without leaving their homes. Fan has dedicated her life to researching and preserving this important part of China’s cultural heritage. “The longer I’ve stayed here, the deeper my love has grown for Dunhuang,” Fan said. That is why people call her “the daughter of Dunhuang”. 4 5 Skim for main idea What is the main idea of the article? What type of writing is this, expository, persuasive or narrative? The article tells the story of Fan Jinshi and her efforts to protect the Mogao Caves. Narrative. 6 Read for structure and draw a mind map The importance of the Mogao Caves and the threats they face How Fan Jinshi helped save the caves Fan Jinshi’s achievements 7 Read and think Read the article and answer the questions. Level A Why are the Mogao Caves important? What did Fan Jinshi and her team do to protect the caves? What results did her efforts bring? Why is Fan Jinshi called “the daughter of Dunhuang”? Because the site has the world’s largest collection of Buddhist art, and the caves are full of priceless wall paintings and sculptures. They limited visitors, put doors on the caves, controlled the temperature and humidity, and made digital copies of the paintings. The artworks were protected, and people all over the world can see them online. Because she has dedicated her life to researching and preserving the Mogao Caves. Read and think Read the article and answer the questions. Level B Why are the Mogao Caves listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site? What did Fan Jinshi discover when she compared old photos of the caves with new ones? What happened to these caves? How did Fan Jinshi and her colleagues try to save the cultural treasures? Because the site contains the world’s largest collection of Buddhist art, and the caves are full of priceless wall paintings and sculptures. She discovered that some caves were completely different, and some of the old artworks were gone. They have been damaged by sand, weather and human activity. Fan Jinshi and her colleagues did everything they could: they limited the number of visitors, they put doors on the caves, and they did their best to control the temperature and humidity inside. Read and think Read the article and answer the questions. Level B Why was the Digital Dunhuang project started? Why is Fan Jinshi called “the daughter of Dunhuang”? The Digital Dunhuang project was started because the caves simply wouldn’t last in the harsh natural environment. Making digital copies of the artworks is a good way to save the Mogao Caves. Because she has dedicated her life to researching and preserving the Mogao Caves. Vocabulary practice daughters graduated temperature made up his mind Unfortunately Post-reading Retell the story Use the mind map below to help you retell the story. Post-reading Discuss and share What personal qualities does Fan Jinshi have? Why was her work important? What can we learn from her? Fan Jinshi is hard-working, and she never gives up. She always tries her best to solve problems. She helped save the art in the Mogao Caves, and she also dedicated her life to researching this important part of China’s cultural heritage. Fan Jinshi’s achievements show us that we can make a difference if we work hard and do our best to find solutions. Post-reading Conduct an interview Why did you come to Dunhuang, and why did you stay? What were the most difficult challenges you faced, and how did you deal with them? Why do you think it is important to protect the artworks in the Mogao Caves? How did you keep your spirits up when things were difficult? Work in pairs and role-play an interview. One student plays Fan Jinshi and the other a reporter. You can use the questions below to help you. Exploring more What are the Mogao Caves famous for? Besides Fan Jinshi, have you heard of any other people who protect the Mogao Caves? What do you know about them? What challenges do you think these people faced? Why do you think the Mogao Caves are important? Exploring more Guess whether the statements below are true (T) or false (F). Then watch the video and check your answers. The Mogao Caves have a history of over 1,000 years. Foreign explorers once took away cultural relics（遗物） from the Mogao Caves. Several generations of people have worked to protect these caves. Many other people have worked tirelessly to protect the art in the caves. Watch a video clip about the caretakers of the Mogao Caves and answer the questions below. Many other people have worked tirelessly to protect the art in the caves. Watch a video clip about the caretakers of the Mogao Caves and answer the questions below. Who are the caretakers of the Mogao Caves mentioned in the video? What have the caretakers done to study and protect the art in the Mogao Caves? Five caretakers are mentioned in the video: Chang Shuhong, Chang Shana, Lou Jie, Han Weimeng and his wife. An institute was established in 1944. Since then, generations of caretakers have done a lot to study and protect the caves, including copying the murals, doing research and using the patterns from the paintings in modern arts and crafts. Watch again and compare Group work: What efforts have different generations of protectors made? Caretaker Time Action Chang Shuhong Chang Shana Lou Jie   Han Weimeng & his wife since 1944 led artists and scholars to establish the Art Institute, protected and studied art since she was a teenager copied murals, used patterns from Dunhuang in modern arts and crafts for 30 years worked in the Art Institute to protect art, witnessed history since 2003 copied murals, studied art Read the script and find the sentences to show their spirits. Narrator: In the 4th century CE, the first cave was built in Dunhuang and people there continued to dig caves for almost a thousand years. Since 1944, several generations of volunteers have worked tirelessly to protect the Mogao Caves. Lou Jie: My name is Lou Jie. I have worked in the Art Institute for 30 years. More than 1,000 years ago, people started digging caves in Dunhuang. Artists created these beautiful cave murals. In the early 20th century, the famous Library Cave was discovered by accident. Some foreign explorers heard about this and travelled to Dunhuang. The manuscripts and silk paintings were taken out of China and ended up in other countries. In the 1940s, many educated people in China called for the caves to be protected. In 1944, the National Dunhuang Art Institute was established. A group of artists and scholars began to protect and study the art in Dunhuang. These artists and scholars were led by Chang Shuhong, an artist returning from France. At that time, there was nothing out here except for some old ruins. They had to walk through the desert and mountains to get to the city. Narrator: In 1943, 12-year-old Chang Shana came to Dunhuang with her father Chang Shuhong. Even though the living conditions were difficult, they devoted themselves to copying and protecting the ancient murals. Chang Shana: My father taught me how to copy murals in my teens. I copied several of the most important ones. After the People’s Republic of China was founded, Liang Sicheng and Lin Huiyin inspired me to use patterns from Dunhuang in modern arts and crafts. Soon, I was asked to design the ceiling of the Great Hall of the People. The Mogao Caves have been here for more than 1,000 years. The paintings contain so many different styles and shapes that it’s impossible to count them all. I love telling the younger generation about what I have learnt during my life. It’s important to pass on this knowledge from generation to generation. Han Weimeng: I am Han Weimeng. I came to Dunhuang Academy in 2003 with my wife. It has been 16 years since I came to Dunhuang. We are the fourth generation of people studying and protecting the art here. Life is very simple here: home, studio and caves. Before we go into the caves, we do some preparation work in the studio, such as line drawing. After that, we go back to the caves to finish the colouring part. Now, this one I’m copying is one of the most classic murals. It was painted in the Tang dynasty, in Cave 217. We can see that the lines close to the skin are very powerful, and the style of this part is much freer. The colours became very deep and strong in the Tang dynasty, and we can see that in this painting. Every time I go to the caves, I feel very peaceful. It makes it very easy to focus on my work. If you know what you want to do, you’ll definitely stay here. Post-watching Group discussion Why is it still important to protect cultural heritage sites like the Mogao Caves today? What can we learn from the Mogao Caves’ caretakers about protecting cultural heritage worldwide? Self-assessment 评价内容 评分（1-5） 1.我能说出莫高窟的文化价值和面临的问题。 1 2 3 4 5 2.我能描述樊锦诗及其他守护者保护莫高窟的主要措施与贡献。 1 2 3 4 5 3.我能理解“敦煌女儿”及历代莫高窟守护者的奉献精神。 1 2 3 4 5 4.我能参与文化遗产保护的讨论并提出想法。 1 2 3 4 5 Homework 基础作业 摘抄文中描述莫高窟艺术或樊锦诗及其他守护者行动的句子，尝试复述故事。 尝试用devote, preserve, digital各造一个句子。​ 拓展作业​ 将课堂上的模拟采访整理成一篇短文，配上莫高窟图片，张 贴在班级“文化遗产角”。​ 查找一个国内外文化遗产保护的案例，如故宫文物修复、罗马古迹保护等，对比其与莫高窟保护的异同，下节课分享。 Thanks to the hard work of Fan Jinshi and her colleagues, we can still see these cultural treasures today. 此句中 Thanks to 结构作原因状语，介词短语 of Fan Jinshi and her colleagues 后置修饰 hard work。本句意为：“多亏了樊锦诗与其同事们的努力，我们今天仍能见到这些文化珍宝。” However, Fan soon realized that the damage could only be slowed down — they could not stop it completely. 主句谓语 realized 后接 that 引导的宾语从句，从句中“could only be slowed down”为被动语态；破折号后的分句“they could not stop it completely”补充说明文保工作人员难以完全掌控文物损坏的进程，it 指代前文的 damage。本句意为：“然而，樊锦诗很快意识到这些损害只能减缓，但不能完全停止。” daughter /9dO:tR(r)/ n. 女儿 The old potter teaches his daughter how to make beautiful vases. priceless /9praIslRs/ adj. 无价的 My grandma’s old embroidery is priceless, so we keep it in a special box. sculpture /9skVlptSR(r)/ n. 雕像 The sculpture of a dragon in the village square was made long ago by a famous artist. unfortunately /Vn9fO:tSRnRtli/ adv. 不幸地；遗憾地 Unfortunately, few young people want to learn this traditional craft from the old master. graduate /9GrædZueIt/ v. 毕业 After four years of study, he will graduate from the university and begin to teach children calligraphy. /9GrædZuRt/ n. 大学毕业生 He is a graduate of Zhongshan University and studies the murals in the Mogao Caves. limit /9lImIt/ v. 限量；减量 Some artists challenge themselves by limiting the number of different colours they use. n. 限度；限制 There is no limit to what you can learn about traditional Chinese skills. temperature /9temprRtSR(r)/ n. 温度 Making traditional rice wine requires the right temperature. preserve /prI9zF:v/ v. 维持……的原状；保存 People in the village work hard to preserve their old folk songs. make up one’s mind 下定决心 He made up his mind to learn the guitar and join the school band. 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