Unit 6 Beautiful landscapes 不定代词和感叹句-【简语法-单元核心语法精练】2025-2026学年译林版英语七年级下册

该初中英语单元学案以“Beautiful landscapes”为主题，聚焦不定代词和感叹句两大核心语法，通过表格系统梳理构成分类、用法规则、句式结构等核心要点，搭配典型例句与易错点提示，构建“核心语法回顾-专项能力突破-解题综合提升”的递进式学习路径，助力学生精准掌握语法应用。 亮点在于“语法理解-技能训练-综合运用”的分层设计，通过单项选择、完成句子等题型强化语言能力，阅读理解和完形填空任务结合主题语境培养思维品质，如感叹句同义转换训练提升分析推断能力。资料为教师提供系统复习框架和多样化练习，支持学生深度学习与能力迁移，有效促进单元整体复习效果。

单元核心语法精练 Unit 6 Beautiful landscapes（新教材译林版） （不定代词和感叹句） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 表格系统梳理两大语法模块的核心知识点，涵盖复合不定代词的构成、用法及感叹句的句式结构，搭配典型例句与易错点提示，助力精准掌握语法应用。 语法模块 核心要点 具体内容 典型例句（含正误对比） 一、复合不定代词 1. 构成分类 ① 表人：-one（someone/anyone/no one/everyone）、-body（somebody/anybody/nobody/everybody） ② 表事物：-thing（something/anything/nothing/everything） 【注意】no one = nobody（表人），nothing（表事物），不可混淆 - 2. 核心用法 ① 句式搭配： - some - 类：肯定句 / 期望肯定回答的疑问句（表 “一些”） - any - 类：否定句 / 疑问句（表 “一些”）、肯定句（表 “任何”） ② 主谓一致：作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数 ③ 修饰规则：形容词 / 不定式需后置（“不定代词 + 后置修饰语”） ① 肯定句：I have something to tell you.（我有件事要告诉你。） ② 期望肯定回答的疑问句：Would you like something to drink？（你想喝点什么吗？） ③ 否定句：I don't see anybody.（我没看到任何人。） ④ 肯定句表 “任何”：You can buy anything you want.（你可以买任何你想要的东西。） ⑤ 主谓一致：Something is wrong with my bike.（我的自行车出问题了。） ⑥ 后置修饰：I want to do something interesting.（我想做些有趣的事。） ⑦ 错误：important something（修饰语需后置，正确为 something important） 3. 易混辨析 ① none vs nothing：none 可指人 / 物，接 of 短语；nothing 仅指事物，不接 of ② someone vs anyone：someone 表 “某人”（肯定句），anyone 表 “任何人”（否定 / 疑问 / 肯定句） ① none：—Are there any tomatoes？—None.（— 有西红柿吗？— 没有。） ② nothing：What's in the fridge？—Nothing.（— 冰箱里有什么？— 什么都没有。） ③ 错误：Someone can do it.（表 “任何人” 用 anyone，正确为 Anyone can do it.） 二、感叹句 1. 定义 表达喜悦、愤怒、惊奇等情感，由 what 或 how 引导 - 2. what 引导（中心词为名词） ① 结构 1：What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数（+ 主语 + 谓语）！ ② 结构 2：What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数（+ 主语 + 谓语）！ ③ 结构 3：What + 形容词 + 不可数名词（+ 主语 + 谓语）！ 【注意】不可数名词前不加 a/an ① 可数名词单数：What a cute dog (it is)！（多可爱的一只狗啊！） ② 可数名词复数：What beautiful flowers (they are)！（多漂亮的花啊！） ③ 不可数名词：What fine weather (it is)！（多好的天气啊！） ④ 错误：What a fine weather！（weather 不可数，去掉 a） 3. how 引导（中心词为形容词 / 副词） ① 结构 1：How + 形容词 / 副词 + 主语 + 谓语！ ② 结构 2：How + 主语 + 谓语！（主谓结构完整，无额外修饰词） ① 形容词：How delicious the food is！（这食物多美味啊！） ② 副词：How fast he runs！（他跑得真快啊！） ③ 主谓结构：How time flies！（时光飞逝啊！） ④ 错误：How a beautiful lake！（中心词为名词，用 what，正确为 What a beautiful lake！） 4. 同义转换 What + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语！= How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 名词！ What amazing buildings they are！= How amazing the buildings are！（这些建筑多壮观啊！） 三、核心易错点 1. 复合不定代词 ① 修饰语位置：形容词 / 不定式必须后置，不可前置 ② 主谓一致：无论指代单数还是复数概念，谓语均用第三人称单数 ③ some - 类用于疑问句：仅当期望得到肯定回答时（如请求、邀请） - 2. 感叹句 ① 中心词判断：名词用 what，形容词 / 副词用 how ② a/an 的使用：仅修饰 what 引导的可数名词单数 ③ 主谓省略：口语中可省略主谓（如 What a nice day！= What a nice day it is！） - 使用注意事项 1. 复合不定代词的否定：some - 类变否定句时需改为 any - 类（如 I have something → I don't have anything），不可直接加 not。 2. nothing 与 no one 的回答：对 what 提问用 nothing，对 who 提问用 no one/nobody（如 —Who is there？—No one.）。 3. 感叹句的语序：how 引导时，形容词 / 副词需紧跟 how；what 引导时，名词需紧跟 what（如 How hard he works！而非 How he works hard！）。 4. 不可数名词的判断：常见不可数名词（weather/news/advice 等）前不可加 a/an，需用 what + 形容词 + 不可数名词结构。 一、单项选择 1．________ a journey it is! A．Such a B．What C．So D．How 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是一次多么漫长的旅程啊！ 考查感叹句。根据“… a journey it is!”可知，句子是感叹句，其结构为“What a/an+名词+主语+谓语!”，因此此处感叹词用“what”。故选B。 2．They still need ________ people to help them finish the work. A．little B．a little C．few D．a few 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他们仍然需要一些人来帮助他们完成这项工作。 考查little/a little/few/a few辨析。little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；a little一点，修饰不可数名词；few几乎没有，修饰可数名词；a few几个，修饰可数名词；空格修饰的是people，是复数名词，排除A/B选项；结合still可知，此处表达的是需要人，是肯定的意思，故选D。 3．We don’t have ________ rice. Would you like ________ noodles, please? A．any, any B．some, some C．some, any D．any, some 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们没有米饭了。你愿意吃一些面条吗？ 考查some和any的区别。some和any均可以表示“一些”。any多用在否定句或疑问句中；some用在肯定句中，但是在表示请求或建议的疑问句中，用some而不用any。第一个空是否定句，所以用any，第二个空是在would like句型中，表示建议，用some。故选D。 4．--What about having meat tomorrow? --Great! A．any B．a lot C．some D．lot of 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——明天吃一些肉如何？——好的！ 考查形容词副词辨析。A. any一些，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，用于否定句和疑问句中；B. a lot非常，副词；C. some一些，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，用于肯定句或希望做肯定回答的疑问句中；D. lot of错误，形式，正确形式是a lot of=lots of；本句修饰不可数名词meat，同时表示希望对方肯定回答，可知填some；故选C。 5．What ________ things do you want to buy? A．other B．else C．others D．another 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你想买其它东西吗？ 考查代词辨析。What else后面不加名词；other后面加名词复数，others=other things；another修饰单数名词。故选A。 6．I really don’t know how to organize the event with ________ money and ________ people. A．few; little B．a few; a little C．less; fewer D．fewer; less 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我真的不知道如何用更少的钱和更少的人来组织这个活动。 考查few和little的比较级用法。few很少的，修饰可数名词复数，little少量的，修饰不可数名词；a few少许，修饰可数名词复数，a little少量的，修饰不可数名词；less更少的，修饰不可数名词，fewer更少的，修饰可数名词复数。根据“money”可知，其为不可数名词，排除A、B、D项。故选C。 7．A smile costs ________ but it makes people warm. Why not smile at the world? A．nothing B．something C．anything D．everything 【答案】A 【详解】句意：微笑不需要什么，但它能让人感到温暖。为什么不微笑着面对这个世界？ 考查不定代词辨析。nothing没什么；something某物；anything任何物品；everything一切。根据“but it makes people warm.”可知，前文应是介绍微笑并不会花费什么成本，但它可以给人带来温暖，故选A。 8． Do you have_______ homework to do every day? A．a lot B．much C．many D．lots 【答案】B 【分析】 【详解】句意：每天都有很多的作业要做吗？ 考查不可数名词。homework是不可数名词故用much来修饰，many只能修饰可数名词的复数形式，a lot是副词短语，用来修饰动词，lots常与of一起搭配使用，故选B。 9．________ great fun some people from the south had in Harbin last winter! Some of them saw white snow for the first time. A．How B．What C．What a D．How a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：去年冬天，一些南方人在哈尔滨玩得多开心啊！他们中的一些人第一次看到白色的雪。 考查感叹句。根据“great fun”可知，中心词是不可数名词fun，结合what+adj+不可数名词+主谓，此处用what，故选B。 10．—Who helps you with your homework, your father or your mother? —________ After the “double reduction” policy is carried out, I’m able to finish my homework at school. A．None. B．Either. C．Both. D．Neither. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——谁帮你做作业，你爸爸还是你妈妈？——都不是。“双减”政策实施后，我可以在学校完成作业了。 考查代词辨析。none全都不；either两者之一；both两者都；neither两者都不。根据“your father or your mother”以及“I’m able to finish my homework at school.”可知自己在学校完成作业，所以爸爸妈妈都不帮自己，表示两者都不用neither。故选D。 11．I'm __________ in the story Star Wars. Are there ___________ books like it here? A．interesting; more any B．interested; more some C．interesting; some more D．interested; any more 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我对《星球大战》这个故事感兴趣，这里还有一些像这样的书吗？ interesting有趣的（修饰物），interested感兴趣的（修饰人）。第一空处，根据主语I可知，表示“我对《星球大战》感兴趣”，修饰人，用interested，排除A和C；“数词+more+名词的复数”译为“再……，又……”。some用于肯定句中表示“一些”，用于疑问句中表示建议，并希望得到对方肯定回答，译为“一些”；any用于肯定句中译为“任何”，用于疑问句和否定句中译为“一些”。第二空位于疑问句中，且不表示建议，用any，故选D。 12． Of the two hats, this one is too small. Show me one, please. A．other B．the other C．others D．another 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在这两顶帽子中这顶帽子太小了，请给我看另一顶。 考查代词的用法。other其他的；the other两者中的另一个；others其他人或物；another三者及上的另一个。根据“Of the two hats”可知，是两者；由“this one is too small.”可知，是要看两者中的另一顶，用the other。故选B。 13．- Do you have_______ in mind that you'd like for supper? - Well, _______ is OK with me. A．something; everything B．anything; anything C．everything; nothing D．anything; something 【答案】B 【详解】试题分析：句意：-你有没有想晚上吃什么?？ 嗯，对我来说都可以。something某事，某物，常用于肯定句中，也可用于表示请求的疑问句中；anything 任何事，任何物，可用在否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句中；everything 每件事，一切事； nothing="not" anything；而 not everything 并非／不是所有的东西／事情。这些复合不定代词都作单数看待，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。形容词修饰复合不定代词要放在被修饰词之后。所以选B。 考点：考查复合不定代词。 14．Do you have __________ to say about your family? A．else anything B．else something C．anything else D．something else 【答案】C 【详解】句意：关于你的家庭，你还有别的什么说吗？ 考查副词的用法。else与疑问代词或不定代词连用，else常后置；something常用于肯定句，anything常用于否定或疑问句。此句是疑问句，用anything。故选C。 15．________ clever girl Kitty is! She can come up with some creative ways to finish the project. A．What B．How a C．How D．What a 【答案】D 【详解】句意：基蒂是一个多么聪明的女孩啊！她可以想出一些有创意的方法来完成这个项目。 考查感叹句。句子是感叹句，中心词是单数可数名词girl，符合结构“What+a/an+adj+单数名词+主谓!”。故选D。 二、完成句子 16．Lily does some reading in the morning. (改为否定句) Lily reading in the morning. 【答案】 doesn’t do any 【详解】句意：莉莉在早上进行一些阅读。原句为肯定句，且谓语动词是实义动词does（这里does是do的第三人称单数形式，表示“做” ），主语Lily是第三人称单数，在改为否定句时，需要借助助动词doesn’t ，同时把原句中的实义动词does还原为原形do，另外，原句中的some（一些）在否定句中要变为any。其他部分保持不变。故填doesn’t；do；any。 17．我们需要一些其他的东西吗？ Do we need ? 【答案】 anything else 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“一些其他的东西”。在一般疑问句中“一些”需用anything，“其他的”用else，且else要置于不定代词anything之后。故填anything；else。 18．How interesting the story is! （同义句转换） it is! 【答案】 What an interesting story 【详解】根据句意可知，用感叹句，且译为“多么有趣的一个故事啊”。可用What +a/an +adj+ n，且空位于句首，故填What an interesting story。 19．the， are， how， flowers， beautiful (!) ! 【答案】How beautiful the flowers are 【详解】根据“how”以及“!”可知，这是how引导的感叹句：how+形容词beautiful+主语the flowers+谓语are，故填How beautiful the flowers are“这些花多漂亮啊”。 20．There are some pandas in the zoo.(改成一般疑问句) ? 【答案】Are there any pandas in the zoo 【详解】句意：动物园有一些熊猫。原句是There be句型，变疑问句时需要将be动词提在there前，此时be动词大写，some常用在肯定句中，any常用在疑问句和否定句中，因此将some改为any。故填Are there any pandas in the zoo。 21．我们每一个人都关心残疾人。 of us disabled people. 【答案】 Each cares about 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“每一个”和“关心” ，“每一个”对应的英文是Each，Each of us表示“我们每一个人”；“关心”对应的短语是care about，主语Each of us为单数概念，句子用一般现在时，动词需用第三人称单数形式cares about。故填Each；cares about。 22．There is some money in the wallet.（改为一般疑问句） there money in the wallet? 【答案】 Is any 【详解】句意：在钱包里有一些钱。there be句型改为一般疑问句，把系动词be提到句首即可，some用于肯定句，疑问句用any，故填Is；any。 23．我的朋友们多么乐于助人呀! How ! 【答案】helpful my friends are 【详解】分析句子可知，本句是How感叹句，结构为“How+形容词/副词+其他成分！”；乐于助人helpful；我的朋友们my friends；是are。故填helpful my friends are。 24．我认为你还没有意识到健康有多么重要。 I think you have health is. 【答案】 don’t realized how important 【详解】根据“我认为你还没有”可知，此处是I don’t think。意识：realize，此处用其过去分词构成现在完成时。健康有多么重要：how important health is，此处是感叹句，其构成为How+形容词+主谓。故填don’t；realized；how；important。 25．My watch doesn’t work. (同义句转换) my watch. 【答案】 Something/There’s is/something wrong with 【详解】句意：我的表不走了。此处可以转换成“我的手表出问题了”，英语表达为There is something wrong with my watch/Something is wrong with my watch，故填Something/There’s；is/something；wrong；with。 26．丹尼尔的车出问故障了吗？ Is there Daniel’s car? 【答案】 anything wrong with 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，there is something wrong with sth.“某物出问题”。本句是一般疑问句，应将something改为anything。故填anything；wrong；with。 27．They are working hard. (改为感叹句) they are working! 【答案】 How hard 【详解】句意：他们正在努力工作。根据感叹句句式“How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语”可知空处需填How hard。其中hard为副词，修饰谓语动词working；主语为they；谓语动词为are working。故填How；hard。 28．He played basketball very well. (改成感叹句) he played basketball! 【答案】 How well 【详解】句意：他篮球打得很好。根据句意可知可以改写成感叹句“他篮球打得真好啊”。well是副词，故用“How+副词+主谓”结构，故填How；well。 29．Her washing machine isn’t working well.（改为同义句） is wrong her washing machine. 【答案】 Something with 【详解】句意：她的洗衣机坏了。结合“...is wrong...her washing machine.”，原句的同义表达可用something be wrong with sth.“某物出故障了/坏了”，同义句应是一般现在时，主语是something，此时be动词用is。故填Something；with。 30．The boy is rude to speak loudly in public.（改为感叹句） the boy is to speak loudly in public! 【答案】 How rude 【详解】句意：那男孩在公共场合大声说话是不礼貌的。分析感叹句可知，空处缺少形容词，感叹形容词rude要用how引导，其感叹句结构为How+形容词+主语+谓语+其他。故填How；rude。 三、阅读理解 A In the hands of Chinese artisans (手艺人), flour is made into lovely models of people or animals. This art form is called dough figurine (面塑). Among the different styles, Beijing’s Dough Figurine Lang is a special folk art. The nice and lovely handicrafts are storytellers of old and new Beijing. In 2008, it was included in the list of national intangible (非物质) cultural heritage (遗产). It was created by Lang Shao’ an (郎绍安). He created animals and characters from important people’s stories, history stories, and local operas. What they finished is either put at the end of a thin stick, or on a table for people to see. Some are mostly for children to eat or play with, with simple shapes and colourful decorations, but some are nice pieces of artwork for people to see only. For this reason, during the making process, they are often mixed with additives (添加剂) to stop them from breaking up, and being eaten by animals. After a long time of practice, Lang Shao’ an is good at making dough figurine with beautiful designs. Lang Jiaizyu (郎佳子彧), born in 1995, is the third- generation (代) man of dough Figurine Lang. By the age of five, he had already made his first dough figurines. When he was 15, he created Beijing Olympic Mascots- shaped dough figurines which were very famous. He looks a bit more fashionable than other folk works of art. In his skilled hands, some figures such as Nezha are popular with young people. Like most of the other intangible cultural heritage handicrafts in China, not many people like the idea and design of dough Figurine Lang. Few young people are willing to take the time to master a skill that does not make money, which means fewer and fewer people want to spend time on learning the handicraft. Good handicrafts need time, energy and love of artisans from one generation to another. 1. What is special about dough Figurine Lang? A．It shows people’s lifestyles and hobbies. B．It is popular with both tourists and the locals. C．It is created by many famous artists. D．It shows Beijing’s colourful culture. 2. Why do artisans add additives to dough figurines? A．To better protect the things people make. B．To help dough have different shapes. C．To keep colors brighter and last longer. D．To make dough figurines taste good. 3. Which is the correct order of the following events? a．dough Figurine Lang was included in the list of national intangible cultural heritage. b．LangJiaizyu created Beijing Olympic Mascots- shaped dough figurines. c．Lang Jiaizyu was born as the third- generation inheritor of dough Figurine Lang. d．LangJiaizyu had made his first dough figurines. A．a-c-b-d B．c-d-b-a C．a-c-d-b D．c-d-a-b 4. What does the passage mainly want to tell us? A．To ask people to know some kinds of folk art. B．To ask people to spend more time learning folk art. C．To ask people to protect national cultural heritage handicrafts. D．To teach people ways to enjoy and understand the handicrafts. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D 4. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了北京非物质文化遗产 “面人郎” 的起源、艺术特点、传承脉络，并指出其面临的传承困境，旨在呼吁人们关注和保护民族文化遗产手工艺。 1. 细节理解题。根据“Among the different styles Beijing’s dough Figuren Lang is a special folk art. The nice and lovely handicrafts are storytellers of old and new Beijing.”可知，面人郎的特别之处在于它展示了北京丰富多彩的文化，故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据“For this reason, during the making process, they are often mixed with additives (添加剂) to stop them from breaking up, and being eaten by animals.”可知，工匠们在面人制作过程中添加添加剂是为了更好地保护制作出来的物品，故选A。 3. 推理判断题。根据“Lang Jiaizyu (郎佳子彧), born in 1995, is the third-generation (代) man of dough Figurine Lang.”可知c发生时间最早；根据“By the age of five, he had already made his first dough figurines.”可知d发生在其5岁时，即在1995+5=2000年左右；根据“When he was 15, he created Beijing Olympic Mascots-shaped dough figurines which were very famous.”可知b发生在其15岁时，即在1995+15=2010年左右；根据“In 2008, it was included in the list of national intangible (非物质) cultural heritage (遗产).”可知a发生在2008年。所以正确顺序是c-d-a-b，故选D。 4. 主旨大意题。文章介绍了面人郎这一民间艺术的特色、制作情况、传承人的经历等，最后提到像面人郎这样的非物质文化遗产手工艺面临传承困境，所以文章主要是呼吁人们保护国家文化遗产手工艺品，故选C。 B It’s always hot and windy on the prairies in Kansas. The hot sun and the strong wind make everything grey. They make the grass grey. They make the flowers grey. They make the houses grey. They even make people’s faces grey. Dorothy lives in the middle of a prairie in Kansas. She lives with her Uncle Henry and Aunt Em. Uncle Henry has got a small farm there. Their house is made of wood and it has only got one room. There isn’t much furniture in it. There’s an old stove for cooking and a cupboard for the cups and plates. There’s a table and three or four chairs and two beds. Uncle Henry and Aunt Em’s big bed is in one corner. Dorothy’s little bed is in another corner. There isn’t an attic and there isn’t a real cellar. There’s only a small, dark hole under the floor. The family go there when there’s a cyclone. They call the hole “the cyclone cellar”. Cyclones are very strong winds and they’re very dangerous. They move quickly and break everything in the path. There are often cyclones in Kansas. Uncle Henry and Aunt Em work very hard. They work from morning to night. Uncle Henry looks after the cows, the horses and the chickens. Aunt Em looks after their small house. They never smile or laugh. There isn’t much happiness in their lives. Poor Uncle Henry and Aunt Em! Dorothy lives with them because she’s an orphan. She hasn’t got a mother or father. Her best friend is her little dog. His name is Toto. He has got long, black hair, black eyes and a little nose. Dorothy loves him very much. Toto plays all day and Dorothy plays with him. He’s very funny and he makes her happy. Uncle Henry is sitting outside the door of his small house. He’s worried. He’s looking at the sky. It’s full of black clouds. There’s a very strong wind, too. It’s blowing across the prairies. It’s making a loud whistling noise. —Taken from The Wizard of Oz 1. How is the weather on the prairies in Kansas? A．Hot and windy. B．Grey and windy. C．Warm and grey. D．Hot and grey. 2. What is the house like? A．There is at least one room in the house. B．There is an attic and a cellar in the house. C．There isn’t much furniture in the house. D．The house is full of furniture. 3. What does the underlined word “cyclone” mean? A．A violent storm in which the air goes around and around. B．A hole in which the air goes in and out. C．A serious rain storm. D．A big storm with strong winds and heavy rain. 4. Which of the following is TRUE? A．The word “orphan” means a child who lives alone. B．Toto always makes Dorothy happy. C．There’re often cyclones in Kansas, so Uncle Henry and Aunt Em never smile or laugh. D．Uncle Henry was worried because his house is small. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章节选自《绿野仙踪》，主要讲述了堪萨斯草原上的天气、多萝西一家的生活状况以及他们的房屋结构，还提到了飓风对当地的影响。 1. 细节理解题。根据“It’s always hot and windy on the prairies in Kansas.”可知，堪萨斯的天气特点是炎热且多风。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据“There isn’t much furniture in it.”可知，房子里的家具很少。故选C。 3. 词句猜测题。根据“Cyclones are very strong winds and they’re very dangerous. They move quickly and break everything in the path.”可知，“cyclone”指的是一种强烈的风暴，空气在其中旋转。故选A。 4. 细节理解题。根据“Toto plays all day and Dorothy plays with him. He’s very funny and he makes her happy.”可知，托托总是让多萝西开心。故选B。 C Family rules are important. They help your children to know what is and isn’t OK in the family. But how can you make good family rules for your children? When you make family rules, it’s good for you to let your children join in. When you talk about rules with them, they are more likely (更有可能) to follow them. First, you need to tell your children what to do, not what not to do. For example, “Go to bed before 9:30 p.m.” is good. “Don’t go to bed late” isn’t. Second, rules need to be clear (清晰的) for children to follow. For example, “Eat an egg every morning” is good. “It’s important to eat well” isn’t. Also, it’s good for you to write down the rules to help children remember them. For little children, you can draw pictures to help them understand the rules. Sometimes we need to change family rules. For example, when your children get older, you can make rules about helping with housework. When you change rules, it’s good to let your children join you in making changes to the rules. 1. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Parents. B．Rules. C．Children. D．Housework and homework. 2. Why is it good to draw pictures about rules for little children? A．Pictures are easy to understand. B．Drawing can help parents relax. C．Pictures can make children happy. D．Pictures can help children make rules. 3. What’s the structure (结构) of the passage?(①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2,...) A． B． C． D． 4. What is the best title for the passage? A．What Good Family Rules Are Like B．How to Make Good Family Rules C．The Right Time to Change Family Rules D．Children’s Ideas About Family Rules 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了如何制定良好的家庭规则，并给出了具体的建议。 1. 词句猜测题。根据“When you talk about rules with them, they are more likely to follow them.”可知，当家长和孩子们谈论规则时，孩子们更有可能遵守规则。“them”指代的是前面提到的“rules”。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据“For little children, you can draw pictures to help them understand the rules.”可知，为小孩子们画图可以帮助他们理解规则，因为图片很容易理解。故选A。 3. 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第1段介绍家庭规则的重要性；第2段建议让孩子参与制定规则；第3、4、5段提出制定家庭规则的具体做法；第6段提到规则需要根据孩子的成长进行调整。文章的结构为①/②/③④⑤/⑥。故选C。 4. 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了如何制定良好的家庭规则，并给出了具体的建议。选项B“如何制定良好的家庭规则”最适合当标题。故选B。 四、完形填空 Passage 1 Little Molly lived in a small house at the foot of a mountain with her parents. They were poor, but they lived 1 . There were green trees and beautiful flowers around their house. And there was a river nearby. However, Molly never thought it was 2 . It was too small and not very clean in 3 eyes. Molly wanted to climb to the top of the mountain 4 there was a beautiful house with glittering (闪闪发光的) golden windows there. She was looking forward to having a house 5 that. However, she understood her family's difficult situation. So she accepted 6 without saying anything. 7 passed by and little Molly grew up. One day, Molly decided to climb the mountain and 8 the house with golden windows. She took her bicycle and started her 9 . Following a quiet road in the mountain towards the house, she got to the top. But she was so 10 to see a dirty house with dark windows. The house with golden windows was not here on the mountain. The golden windows she saw from her home were in fact the reflection (反射) of the dark and dirty windows. 1. A．slowly B．happily C．busily D．correctly 2. A．expensive B．interesting C．beautiful D．magic 3. A．my B．his C．her D．their 4. A．because B．till C．before D．so 5. A．with B．like C．for D．except 6. A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 7. A．Years B．Weeks C．Days D．Hours 8. A．pick up B．ask for C．think of D．look at 9. A．risk B．report C．trip D．joke 10. A．surprised B．brave C．calm D．excited 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了小莫莉和父母住在山脚下的小房子里，虽然贫穷但生活得很快乐。莫莉一直向往山顶上那座有着金色窗户的美丽房子，然而当她长大后爬上山顶，却发现那座房子并不存在，自己看到的金色窗户其实是家里又黑又脏的窗户的反射。 1. 句意：他们很穷，但他们生活得很快乐。 slowly缓慢地；happily快乐地；busily忙碌地；correctly正确地。根据下文“There were green trees and beautiful flowers around their house. And there was a river nearby.”可知，他们生活得很快乐。故选B。 2. 句意：然而，莫莉从不认为它是美丽的。 expensive昂贵的；interesting有趣的；beautiful美丽的；magic有魔力的。根据下文“It was too small and not very clean”可知，莫莉认为它不美丽。故选C。 3. 句意：在她眼里，它太小了，而且不太干净。 my我的；his他的；her她的；their他们的。根据上文“Molly never thought it was beautiful”可知，此处是指莫莉，应用her。故选C。 4. 句意：莫莉想爬到山顶，因为那里有一座漂亮的房子，窗户闪闪发光。 because因为；till直到；before在……之前；so所以。根据空前后句意可知，空处表示因果关系，应用because引导原因状语从句。故选A。 5. 句意：她期待着有一座像那样的房子。 with和……一起；like像……一样；for为了；except除了。根据上文“there was a beautiful house with glittering (闪闪发光的) golden windows there”可知，莫莉期待有一座像那样的房子。故选B。 6. 句意：所以她什么也没说就接受了一切。 something某事；anything任何事；everything一切；nothing没有什么。根据上文“However, she understood her family's difficult situation.”可知，莫莉接受了一切。故选C。 7. 句意：几年过去了，小莫莉长大了。 Years年；Weeks周；Days天；Hours小时。根据下文“little Molly grew up”可知，应是几年过去了。故选A。 8. 句意：一天，莫莉决定爬上山去看看那座有金色窗户的房子。 pick up捡起；ask for请求；think of想起；look at看。根据下文“Following a quiet road in the mountain towards the house, she got to the top.”可知，莫莉决定爬上山去看看那座有金色窗户的房子。故选D。 9. 句意：她骑上自行车，开始了她的旅行。 risk风险；report报告；trip旅行；joke玩笑。根据上文“Molly decided to climb the mountain and look at the house with golden windows”可知，莫莉开始了她的旅行。故选C。 10. 句意：但她看到一座窗户漆黑的脏房子时，感到很惊讶。 surprised惊讶的；brave勇敢的；calm冷静的；excited兴奋的。根据下文“The house with golden windows was not here on the mountain.”可知，莫莉看到的是一座窗户漆黑的脏房子，这与她想象的不一样，所以她感到很惊讶。故选A。 Passage 2 The Black family comes to a new big city. Mrs. Black’s son, Bob, is not 1 . He doesn’t have any friends to play with. “Don’t worry!” says his mother. “You will soon make friends here.” One morning, there is a knock 2 the door. Bob’s mother, Mrs. Black, opens it. There stands a woman with brown hair. It is Mrs. White. She comes to 3 some eggs. She wants to 4 cakes. Mrs. Black lends her two. In the afternoon, there is another knock at the door. Mrs. Black opens it and sees a 5 standing there. “My name is Jack White,” he says. “My mother sends (送) you this cake and the two eggs.” “Well, thank you, Jack,” says Mrs. Black. “ 6 and meet my son Bob.” Look! Bob and Jack are 7 the cake and milk. They are playing football. Now they are 8 ! Jack says, “I’m glad you live next door.” Bob says, “I must thank your mother for coming for eggs.” Jack laughs and tells Bob, “She doesn’t want the two eggs, 9 she wants to make friends with your mother.” Bob says, “That’s an interesting way to make friends. It’s an easy way, too. It can work!” So if you’re willing (乐意的) to make friends, you can always 10 some ways! 1. A．friendly B．free C．lazy D．happy 2. A．at B．of C．for D．in 3. A．put B．borrow C．give D．buy 4. A．do B．bring C．make D．order 5. A．girl B．man C．woman D．boy 6. A．Come in B．Go away C．Get out D．Come out 7. A．looking B．eating C．having D．drinking 8. A．classmates B．members C．friends D．brothers 9. A．or B．and C．so D．but 10. A．find B．see C．enjoy D．keep 【答案】 1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. D 10. A 【导语】本文讲述布莱克一家搬新家后，儿子鲍勃通过邻居借鸡蛋的契机结交新朋友的故事，说明主动寻找方法就能建立友谊。 1. 句意：布莱克夫人的儿子鲍勃不开心。 friendly友好的；free自由的；lazy懒惰的；happy开心的。根据“He doesn’t have any friends to play with”可知，鲍勃刚搬来，没有朋友，所以不开心。故选D。 2. 句意：早晨，有人敲门。 at在；of属于；for为了；in在……里。根据“the door”可知，此处指敲门。knock at the door“敲门”，固定搭配。故选A。 3. 句意：她来借一些鸡蛋。 put放；borrow借；give给；buy买。根据“Mrs. Black lends her two.”可知，怀特夫人是来借鸡蛋的。故选B。 4. 句意：她想做蛋糕。 do做，指执行一个动作、完成一项任务或从事某项活动；bring带；make制作，侧重于创造、构建或产生某个新的、原本不存在的东西；order点单。根据“My mother sends (送) you this cake and the two eggs.”可知，此处指借鸡蛋制作蛋糕。故选C。 5. 句意：布莱克夫人打开门，然后看见一个男孩站在那里。 girl女孩；man男人；woman女人；boy男孩。根据“My name is Jack White”和“My mother sends (送) you”可知，杰克是怀特夫人的儿子，他是个小男孩。故选D。 6. 句意：进来见见我儿子鲍勃。 come in进来；go away离开；get out出去；come out出来。根据“meet my son Bob”可知，此处邀请杰克进家门见鲍勃。故选A。 7. 句意：鲍勃和杰克在享用蛋糕和牛奶。 looking看；eating吃；having享用；drinking喝。根据“the cake and milk”可知，此处指吃蛋糕和喝牛奶，having可同时涵盖吃蛋糕和喝牛奶的动作，表示享用。故选C。 8. 句意：现在他们是朋友了！ classmates同学；members成员；friends朋友；brothers兄弟。根据“He doesn’t have any friends to play with”和“she wants to make friends with your mother”可知，两个孩子成为了朋友，一起享用食物。故选C。 9. 句意：杰克笑着告诉鲍勃：“她不想要这两个蛋，但她想和你妈妈交朋友。” or或者；and和；so所以；but但是。前后句为转折关系，事实是不想要鸡蛋，而是想要交朋友。填表示转折关系的连词but。故选D。 10. 句意：所以如果你愿意交朋友，你总能找到一些方法！ find找到；see看见；enjoy享受；keep保持。此处呼应前文怀特夫人找朋友的方式——借鸡蛋。所以想交朋友的话，总会找到方法。故选A。 Passage 3 Once a tortoise (乌龟) and two swans (天鹅) were good friends. They lived on a 1 . They spent many hours happily together. To their bad 2 , there was no rain that year. The lake became dry. So they had to leave the lake in search of another one to live. The two swans could fly easily, 3 for the tortoise it was difficult. The three of them began to 4 , unsure of what to do next. At last, the two swans had an idea. They said to the tortoise, “We will place a stick in your 5 . We will carry the stick in our beaks (鸟嘴) on either side. This will make us fly together. But remember, you must not open your mouth.” The tortoise 6 happily. One fine morning, they were flying 7 a large town. The people of the town shouted excitedly when seeing them in the 8 . The tortoise heard the noise. It forgot its words, opened its mouth and asked. “Why is there...? Ah...” 9 , down fell the tortoise and died. The swans 10 to save it. They lost their best friend but had to fly away and started their new life. 1. A．tree B．beach C．lake D．mountain 2. A．luck B．thing C．problem D．sign 3. A．so B．and C．but D．or 4. A．rush B．grow C．hide D．wonder 5. A．mouth B．feet C．head D．back 6. A．rowed B．nodded C．hunted D．passed 7. A．beside B．over C．under D．on 8. A．house B．stick C．cage D．sky 9. A．Happily B．Usually C．Sadly D．Excitedly 10. A．needed B．invited C．remembered D．failed 【答案】 1. C 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. D 【导语】本文主要讲述了一只乌龟和两只天鹅为了应对干旱，想出了用木棍带乌龟飞走的方法，但乌龟在途中因忍不住开口说话而掉落摔死，告诫人们要遵守诺言，切勿多言。 1. 句意：他们住在一个湖里。 tree树；beach海滩；lake湖；mountain山。根据“The lake became dry. So they had to leave the lake…”可知，他们之前生活的地方是一个湖。故选C。 2. 句意：不幸的是，那年没有下雨。 luck运气；thing事情；problem问题；sign迹象。根据“...there was no rain that year. The lake became dry.”可知，干旱导致湖水干涸，这对生活在湖里的动物们来说是一件坏事。故选A。 3. 句意：两只天鹅可以轻松地飞翔，但是对乌龟来说却很困难。 so所以；and和；but但是；or或者。根据“The two swans could fly easily, ...for the tortoise it was difficult. ”可知，前后两句描述的情况相反，构成转折关系。故选C。 4. 句意：它们三个开始发愁，不知道接下来该做什么。 rush冲；grow成长；hide躲藏；wonder想知道，发愁。根据“The lake became dry.”以及“...unsure of what to do next”可知，它们面临着生存危机，对接下来的行动感到迷茫和不确定。故选D。 5. 句意：它们对乌龟说：“我们会在你嘴里放一根木棍。” mouth嘴；feet脚；head头；back背。根据“But remember, you must not open your mouth.”可知，天鹅提醒乌龟不要张开嘴，这说明木棍是放在乌龟的嘴里的。故选A。 6. 句意：乌龟高兴地点了点头。 rowed划 (船) ；nodded点头；hunted打猎；passed通过。根据“‘We will carry the stick in our beaks (鸟嘴) on either side. This will make us fly together.’”可知，这是一个能帮助乌龟逃离困境的好办法。对于这个计划，乌龟是同意的。故选B。 7. 句意：一个晴朗的早晨，他们正飞过一个大城镇。 beside在……旁边；over在……上方；under在……下方；on在……上面。根据“they were flying…a large town.”可知，它们正在飞行，是在城镇上方。故选B。 8. 句意：镇上的人们在天空中看到它们时兴奋地喊叫起来。 house房子；stick木棍；cage笼子；sky天空。根据“they were flying…”可知，乌龟和天鹅正在飞行，所以人们是在天空中看到它们的。故选D。 9. 句意：可悲的是，乌龟掉了下来，摔死了。 Happily高兴地；Usually通常；Sadly伤心地；Excitedly激动地。根据“…down fell the tortoise and died”可知，乌龟死了，这是令人难过的一件事。故选C。 10. 句意：天鹅们没能救它。 needed需要；invited邀请；remembered记得；failed失败。根据“…down fell the tortoise and died”可知，乌龟已经坠亡，天鹅救不了它。 故选D。 3 / 19乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $单元核心语法精练 Unit 6 Beautiful landscapes（新教材译林版） （不定代词和感叹句） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 表格系统梳理两大语法模块的核心知识点，涵盖复合不定代词的构成、用法及感叹句的句式结构，搭配典型例句与易错点提示，助力精准掌握语法应用。 语法模块 核心要点 具体内容 典型例句（含正误对比） 一、复合不定代词 1. 构成分类 ① 表人：-one（someone/anyone/no one/everyone）、-body（somebody/anybody/nobody/everybody） ② 表事物：-thing（something/anything/nothing/everything） 【注意】no one = nobody（表人），nothing（表事物），不可混淆 - 2. 核心用法 ① 句式搭配： - some - 类：肯定句 / 期望肯定回答的疑问句（表 “一些”） - any - 类：否定句 / 疑问句（表 “一些”）、肯定句（表 “任何”） ② 主谓一致：作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数 ③ 修饰规则：形容词 / 不定式需后置（“不定代词 + 后置修饰语”） ① 肯定句：I have something to tell you.（我有件事要告诉你。） ② 期望肯定回答的疑问句：Would you like something to drink？（你想喝点什么吗？） ③ 否定句：I don't see anybody.（我没看到任何人。） ④ 肯定句表 “任何”：You can buy anything you want.（你可以买任何你想要的东西。） ⑤ 主谓一致：Something is wrong with my bike.（我的自行车出问题了。） ⑥ 后置修饰：I want to do something interesting.（我想做些有趣的事。） ⑦ 错误：important something（修饰语需后置，正确为 something important） 3. 易混辨析 ① none vs nothing：none 可指人 / 物，接 of 短语；nothing 仅指事物，不接 of ② someone vs anyone：someone 表 “某人”（肯定句），anyone 表 “任何人”（否定 / 疑问 / 肯定句） ① none：—Are there any tomatoes？—None.（— 有西红柿吗？— 没有。） ② nothing：What's in the fridge？—Nothing.（— 冰箱里有什么？— 什么都没有。） ③ 错误：Someone can do it.（表 “任何人” 用 anyone，正确为 Anyone can do it.） 二、感叹句 1. 定义 表达喜悦、愤怒、惊奇等情感，由 what 或 how 引导 - 2. what 引导（中心词为名词） ① 结构 1：What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数（+ 主语 + 谓语）！ ② 结构 2：What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数（+ 主语 + 谓语）！ ③ 结构 3：What + 形容词 + 不可数名词（+ 主语 + 谓语）！ 【注意】不可数名词前不加 a/an ① 可数名词单数：What a cute dog (it is)！（多可爱的一只狗啊！） ② 可数名词复数：What beautiful flowers (they are)！（多漂亮的花啊！） ③ 不可数名词：What fine weather (it is)！（多好的天气啊！） ④ 错误：What a fine weather！（weather 不可数，去掉 a） 3. how 引导（中心词为形容词 / 副词） ① 结构 1：How + 形容词 / 副词 + 主语 + 谓语！ ② 结构 2：How + 主语 + 谓语！（主谓结构完整，无额外修饰词） ① 形容词：How delicious the food is！（这食物多美味啊！） ② 副词：How fast he runs！（他跑得真快啊！） ③ 主谓结构：How time flies！（时光飞逝啊！） ④ 错误：How a beautiful lake！（中心词为名词，用 what，正确为 What a beautiful lake！） 4. 同义转换 What + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语！= How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 名词！ What amazing buildings they are！= How amazing the buildings are！（这些建筑多壮观啊！） 三、核心易错点 1. 复合不定代词 ① 修饰语位置：形容词 / 不定式必须后置，不可前置 ② 主谓一致：无论指代单数还是复数概念，谓语均用第三人称单数 ③ some - 类用于疑问句：仅当期望得到肯定回答时（如请求、邀请） - 2. 感叹句 ① 中心词判断：名词用 what，形容词 / 副词用 how ② a/an 的使用：仅修饰 what 引导的可数名词单数 ③ 主谓省略：口语中可省略主谓（如 What a nice day！= What a nice day it is！） - 使用注意事项 1. 复合不定代词的否定：some - 类变否定句时需改为 any - 类（如 I have something → I don't have anything），不可直接加 not。 2. nothing 与 no one 的回答：对 what 提问用 nothing，对 who 提问用 no one/nobody（如 —Who is there？—No one.）。 3. 感叹句的语序：how 引导时，形容词 / 副词需紧跟 how；what 引导时，名词需紧跟 what（如 How hard he works！而非 How he works hard！）。 4. 不可数名词的判断：常见不可数名词（weather/news/advice 等）前不可加 a/an，需用 what + 形容词 + 不可数名词结构。 一、单项选择 1．________ a journey it is! A．Such a B．What C．So D．How 2．They still need ________ people to help them finish the work. A．little B．a little C．few D．a few 3．We don’t have ________ rice. Would you like ________ noodles, please? A．any, any B．some, some C．some, any D．any, some 4．--What about having meat tomorrow? --Great! A．any B．a lot C．some D．lot of 5．What ________ things do you want to buy? A．other B．else C．others D．another 6．I really don’t know how to organize the event with ________ money and ________ people. A．few; little B．a few; a little C．less; fewer D．fewer; less 7．A smile costs ________ but it makes people warm. Why not smile at the world? A．nothing B．something C．anything D．everything 8． Do you have_______ homework to do every day? A．a lot B．much C．many D．lots 9．________ great fun some people from the south had in Harbin last winter! Some of them saw white snow for the first time. A．How B．What C．What a D．How a 10．—Who helps you with your homework, your father or your mother? —________ After the “double reduction” policy is carried out, I’m able to finish my homework at school. A．None. B．Either. C．Both. D．Neither. 11．I'm __________ in the story Star Wars. Are there ___________ books like it here? A．interesting; more any B．interested; more some C．interesting; some more D．interested; any more 12． Of the two hats, this one is too small. Show me one, please. A．other B．the other C．others D．another 13．- Do you have_______ in mind that you'd like for supper? - Well, _______ is OK with me. A．something; everything B．anything; anything C．everything; nothing D．anything; something 14．Do you have __________ to say about your family? A．else anything B．else something C．anything else D．something else 15．________ clever girl Kitty is! She can come up with some creative ways to finish the project. A．What B．How a C．How D．What a 二、完成句子 16．Lily does some reading in the morning. (改为否定句) Lily reading in the morning. 17．我们需要一些其他的东西吗？ Do we need ? 18．How interesting the story is! （同义句转换） it is! 19．the， are， how， flowers， beautiful (!) ! 20．There are some pandas in the zoo.(改成一般疑问句) ? 21．我们每一个人都关心残疾人。 of us disabled people. 22．There is some money in the wallet.（改为一般疑问句） there money in the wallet? 23．我的朋友们多么乐于助人呀! How ! 24．我认为你还没有意识到健康有多么重要。 I think you have health is. 25．My watch doesn’t work. (同义句转换) my watch. 26．丹尼尔的车出问故障了吗？ Is there Daniel’s car? 27．They are working hard. (改为感叹句) they are working! 28．He played basketball very well. (改成感叹句) he played basketball! 29．Her washing machine isn’t working well.（改为同义句） is wrong her washing machine. 30．The boy is rude to speak loudly in public.（改为感叹句） the boy is to speak loudly in public! 三、阅读理解 A In the hands of Chinese artisans (手艺人), flour is made into lovely models of people or animals. This art form is called dough figurine (面塑). Among the different styles, Beijing’s Dough Figurine Lang is a special folk art. The nice and lovely handicrafts are storytellers of old and new Beijing. In 2008, it was included in the list of national intangible (非物质) cultural heritage (遗产). It was created by Lang Shao’ an (郎绍安). He created animals and characters from important people’s stories, history stories, and local operas. What they finished is either put at the end of a thin stick, or on a table for people to see. Some are mostly for children to eat or play with, with simple shapes and colourful decorations, but some are nice pieces of artwork for people to see only. For this reason, during the making process, they are often mixed with additives (添加剂) to stop them from breaking up, and being eaten by animals. After a long time of practice, Lang Shao’ an is good at making dough figurine with beautiful designs. Lang Jiaizyu (郎佳子彧), born in 1995, is the third- generation (代) man of dough Figurine Lang. By the age of five, he had already made his first dough figurines. When he was 15, he created Beijing Olympic Mascots- shaped dough figurines which were very famous. He looks a bit more fashionable than other folk works of art. In his skilled hands, some figures such as Nezha are popular with young people. Like most of the other intangible cultural heritage handicrafts in China, not many people like the idea and design of dough Figurine Lang. Few young people are willing to take the time to master a skill that does not make money, which means fewer and fewer people want to spend time on learning the handicraft. Good handicrafts need time, energy and love of artisans from one generation to another. 1. What is special about dough Figurine Lang? A．It shows people’s lifestyles and hobbies. B．It is popular with both tourists and the locals. C．It is created by many famous artists. D．It shows Beijing’s colourful culture. 2. Why do artisans add additives to dough figurines? A．To better protect the things people make. B．To help dough have different shapes. C．To keep colors brighter and last longer. D．To make dough figurines taste good. 3. Which is the correct order of the following events? a．dough Figurine Lang was included in the list of national intangible cultural heritage. b．LangJiaizyu created Beijing Olympic Mascots- shaped dough figurines. c．Lang Jiaizyu was born as the third- generation inheritor of dough Figurine Lang. d．LangJiaizyu had made his first dough figurines. A．a-c-b-d B．c-d-b-a C．a-c-d-b D．c-d-a-b 4. What does the passage mainly want to tell us? A．To ask people to know some kinds of folk art. B．To ask people to spend more time learning folk art. C．To ask people to protect national cultural heritage handicrafts. D．To teach people ways to enjoy and understand the handicrafts. B It’s always hot and windy on the prairies in Kansas. The hot sun and the strong wind make everything grey. They make the grass grey. They make the flowers grey. They make the houses grey. They even make people’s faces grey. Dorothy lives in the middle of a prairie in Kansas. She lives with her Uncle Henry and Aunt Em. Uncle Henry has got a small farm there. Their house is made of wood and it has only got one room. There isn’t much furniture in it. There’s an old stove for cooking and a cupboard for the cups and plates. There’s a table and three or four chairs and two beds. Uncle Henry and Aunt Em’s big bed is in one corner. Dorothy’s little bed is in another corner. There isn’t an attic and there isn’t a real cellar. There’s only a small, dark hole under the floor. The family go there when there’s a cyclone. They call the hole “the cyclone cellar”. Cyclones are very strong winds and they’re very dangerous. They move quickly and break everything in the path. There are often cyclones in Kansas. Uncle Henry and Aunt Em work very hard. They work from morning to night. Uncle Henry looks after the cows, the horses and the chickens. Aunt Em looks after their small house. They never smile or laugh. There isn’t much happiness in their lives. Poor Uncle Henry and Aunt Em! Dorothy lives with them because she’s an orphan. She hasn’t got a mother or father. Her best friend is her little dog. His name is Toto. He has got long, black hair, black eyes and a little nose. Dorothy loves him very much. Toto plays all day and Dorothy plays with him. He’s very funny and he makes her happy. Uncle Henry is sitting outside the door of his small house. He’s worried. He’s looking at the sky. It’s full of black clouds. There’s a very strong wind, too. It’s blowing across the prairies. It’s making a loud whistling noise. —Taken from The Wizard of Oz 1. How is the weather on the prairies in Kansas? A．Hot and windy. B．Grey and windy. C．Warm and grey. D．Hot and grey. 2. What is the house like? A．There is at least one room in the house. B．There is an attic and a cellar in the house. C．There isn’t much furniture in the house. D．The house is full of furniture. 3. What does the underlined word “cyclone” mean? A．A violent storm in which the air goes around and around. B．A hole in which the air goes in and out. C．A serious rain storm. D．A big storm with strong winds and heavy rain. 4. Which of the following is TRUE? A．The word “orphan” means a child who lives alone. B．Toto always makes Dorothy happy. C．There’re often cyclones in Kansas, so Uncle Henry and Aunt Em never smile or laugh. D．Uncle Henry was worried because his house is small. C Family rules are important. They help your children to know what is and isn’t OK in the family. But how can you make good family rules for your children? When you make family rules, it’s good for you to let your children join in. When you talk about rules with them, they are more likely (更有可能) to follow them. First, you need to tell your children what to do, not what not to do. For example, “Go to bed before 9:30 p.m.” is good. “Don’t go to bed late” isn’t. Second, rules need to be clear (清晰的) for children to follow. For example, “Eat an egg every morning” is good. “It’s important to eat well” isn’t. Also, it’s good for you to write down the rules to help children remember them. For little children, you can draw pictures to help them understand the rules. Sometimes we need to change family rules. For example, when your children get older, you can make rules about helping with housework. When you change rules, it’s good to let your children join you in making changes to the rules. 1. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Parents. B．Rules. C．Children. D．Housework and homework. 2. Why is it good to draw pictures about rules for little children? A．Pictures are easy to understand. B．Drawing can help parents relax. C．Pictures can make children happy. D．Pictures can help children make rules. 3. What’s the structure (结构) of the passage?(①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2,...) A． B． C． D． 4. What is the best title for the passage? A．What Good Family Rules Are Like B．How to Make Good Family Rules C．The Right Time to Change Family Rules D．Children’s Ideas About Family Rules 四、完形填空 Passage 1 Little Molly lived in a small house at the foot of a mountain with her parents. They were poor, but they lived 1 . There were green trees and beautiful flowers around their house. And there was a river nearby. However, Molly never thought it was 2 . It was too small and not very clean in 3 eyes. Molly wanted to climb to the top of the mountain 4 there was a beautiful house with glittering (闪闪发光的) golden windows there. She was looking forward to having a house 5 that. However, she understood her family's difficult situation. So she accepted 6 without saying anything. 7 passed by and little Molly grew up. One day, Molly decided to climb the mountain and 8 the house with golden windows. She took her bicycle and started her 9 . Following a quiet road in the mountain towards the house, she got to the top. But she was so 10 to see a dirty house with dark windows. The house with golden windows was not here on the mountain. The golden windows she saw from her home were in fact the reflection (反射) of the dark and dirty windows. 1. A．slowly B．happily C．busily D．correctly 2. A．expensive B．interesting C．beautiful D．magic 3. A．my B．his C．her D．their 4. A．because B．till C．before D．so 5. A．with B．like C．for D．except 6. A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 7. A．Years B．Weeks C．Days D．Hours 8. A．pick up B．ask for C．think of D．look at 9. A．risk B．report C．trip D．joke 10. A．surprised B．brave C．calm D．excited Passage 2 The Black family comes to a new big city. Mrs. Black’s son, Bob, is not 1 . He doesn’t have any friends to play with. “Don’t worry!” says his mother. “You will soon make friends here.” One morning, there is a knock 2 the door. Bob’s mother, Mrs. Black, opens it. There stands a woman with brown hair. It is Mrs. White. She comes to 3 some eggs. She wants to 4 cakes. Mrs. Black lends her two. In the afternoon, there is another knock at the door. Mrs. Black opens it and sees a 5 standing there. “My name is Jack White,” he says. “My mother sends (送) you this cake and the two eggs.” “Well, thank you, Jack,” says Mrs. Black. “ 6 and meet my son Bob.” Look! Bob and Jack are 7 the cake and milk. They are playing football. Now they are 8 ! Jack says, “I’m glad you live next door.” Bob says, “I must thank your mother for coming for eggs.” Jack laughs and tells Bob, “She doesn’t want the two eggs, 9 she wants to make friends with your mother.” Bob says, “That’s an interesting way to make friends. It’s an easy way, too. It can work!” So if you’re willing (乐意的) to make friends, you can always 10 some ways! 1. A．friendly B．free C．lazy D．happy 2. A．at B．of C．for D．in 3. A．put B．borrow C．give D．buy 4. A．do B．bring C．make D．order 5. A．girl B．man C．woman D．boy 6. A．Come in B．Go away C．Get out D．Come out 7. A．looking B．eating C．having D．drinking 8. A．classmates B．members C．friends D．brothers 9. A．or B．and C．so D．but 10. A．find B．see C．enjoy D．keep Passage 3 Once a tortoise (乌龟) and two swans (天鹅) were good friends. They lived on a 1 . They spent many hours happily together. To their bad 2 , there was no rain that year. The lake became dry. So they had to leave the lake in search of another one to live. The two swans could fly easily, 3 for the tortoise it was difficult. The three of them began to 4 , unsure of what to do next. At last, the two swans had an idea. They said to the tortoise, “We will place a stick in your 5 . We will carry the stick in our beaks (鸟嘴) on either side. This will make us fly together. But remember, you must not open your mouth.” The tortoise 6 happily. One fine morning, they were flying 7 a large town. The people of the town shouted excitedly when seeing them in the 8 . The tortoise heard the noise. It forgot its words, opened its mouth and asked. “Why is there...? Ah...” 9 , down fell the tortoise and died. The swans 10 to save it. They lost their best friend but had to fly away and started their new life. 1. A．tree B．beach C．lake D．mountain 2. A．luck B．thing C．problem D．sign 3. A．so B．and C．but D．or 4. A．rush B．grow C．hide D．wonder 5. A．mouth B．feet C．head D．back 6. A．rowed B．nodded C．hunted D．passed 7. A．beside B．over C．under D．on 8. A．house B．stick C．cage D．sky 9. A．Happily B．Usually C．Sadly D．Excitedly 10. A．needed B．invited C．remembered D．failed 10 / 10乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $