Unit 4 Section Ⅳ Developing ideas& Presenting ideas-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册五维课堂教师用书word（外研版）

本讲义围绕“共享经济”这一核心知识点，从基础分享行为（如分享玩具、情感）延伸至现代共享经济的多元形式（如汽车、住房共享），再到其利弊分析及未来发展。通过词汇注解（如toddler、sorrow等）、语法解析（定语从句、让步状语从句）、阅读策略（主旨、结构、细节题）和语言运用练习（语法填空、组句成篇）构建学习支架，帮助学生系统掌握主题相关语言知识与技能。 该资料特色在于整合词汇、语法、阅读、写作多维度训练，如词汇精讲中对hire、expense等词的用法及辨析，经典句式分析（whether...or...结构）培养语言能力；通过共享经济利弊讨论，引导学生辩证思考，提升思维品质；基础检测与组句成篇设计，助力学生自主巩固，课中辅助教师高效授课，课后帮助学生查漏补缺，强化学习能力。

Section Ⅳ　Developing ideas& Presenting ideas 注解助读 原文呈现 参考译文 ①toddler n．学步的儿童，刚学会走路的小孩 ②sorrow n．令人悲伤的事，不幸 ③via prep.通过，凭借 ④be beneficial to 有益于 ⑤set up 设立，建起，设置 set­up n．装配，装置 ⑥bonding n．人与人之间的关系 mother­child bonding 母子亲情 ⑦take on 呈现，具有 ⑧frustration n．懊丧，懊恼，沮丧 frustrate v．使懊恼，使沮丧；阻止，防止，挫败 ⑨expand vi.&vt.扩大，增强；扩展，发展 ⑩sharing economy共享经济 ⑪take off(事业等)步入正轨，腾飞；起飞，出发 ⑫wealth n．[熟词生义]大量，丰富，众多 ⑬a response to 对……的反应/响应 ⑭deliver vi.&vt.[熟词生义] 实现 ⑮at the click of a button 按下按钮 ⑯hire n．(短期)租用，租借 What's mine is yours. 1 We've been told since we were toddlers ①that“It's good to share”．Parents and teachers keep reminding us to share toys, snacks, books, happy memories, and sometimes even sorrows② with others.When we grow up, we share photos, life stories and opinions with people around us and with those we don't know[1]via③ social media.Taking it as an object of study, psychologists have published various papers stating that the behaviour of sharing is beneficial to④setting up⑤ positive emotional bonding⑥.[2] [1]画线部分为省略了引导词who的定语从句，修饰先行词those。 [2]Taking it...study为现在分词短语作状语；stating that...bonding为现在分词结构作定语，修饰papers，其中that引导宾语从句。 2 Today, the action of sharing takes on⑦ extra meaning.It's not just about sharing sweets or frustration⑧； it has expanded⑨ to almost every aspect of our lives—the whole world seems to be into sharing. We are using technology to reduce the money that we spend on goods and services, or to make money out of those that we don't use ourselves all of the time.[3]These vary from car shares to home shares, and even to pet shares.The sharing economy⑩ is taking off⑪ in all sorts of areas.It is creating new ways of thinking and is providing services to people when and where they want them.[4] [3]句中第一个that引导定语从句，修饰the money；第二个that也引导定语从句，修饰those。 [4]画线部分为when和where同时引导的状语从句。 我的就是你的。 1．我们还在蹒跚学步的时候就被教导“要懂得分享”。父母和老师不断地提醒我们要与他人分享玩具、零食、书籍以及快乐的回忆，有些时候甚至要分享自己的伤心事。我们长大后，会与周围的人或者是社交媒体上不认识的人分享照片、人生经历和观点。心理学家们将分享作为研究的对象，发表了各种各样的论文来说明分享行为有助于建立积极的情感纽带。 2．如今，分享行为又多了额外的含义。不仅仅是分享糖果或挫折，分享行为几乎已经扩大到生活的方方面面——整个世界似乎都在分享。我们正在利用科技来减少在商品和服务上的花费，或者用我们一直闲置的物品赚钱。从汽车共享到住房共享，甚至是宠物共享。共享经济正在各个领域红火起来，它创造着新的思维方式，随时随地为有需求的人们提供服务。 ⑰designer clothes名牌服装 ⑱rock­bottom prices 最低价格 ⑲rent out出租(房屋、房间、土地等) ⑳a win­win situation 双赢的局面 thereby adv.因此，由此 cut down(on)削减，缩小(尺寸、数量或数目) existing regulations 现存法规 ongoing adj.持续存在的，不断发展的 supervision n．监督；管理 take advantage of 利用…… share of the market 市场份额 [熟词生义]share n．(在若干人之间分得的)一份 at the expense of 以损害……为代价 3 This wealth⑫ of ways of sharing is a response to⑬our increasing demand for quality goods and services at competitive prices，all delivered ⑭at the click of a button⑮.Whether it's an online shop where we can hire⑯designer clothes⑰ at rock­bottom prices⑱， or a platform from which we can rent out⑲ our flats for a couple of days[5], it's out there.Whether we're a lender or a borrower, it's a win­win situation⑳； everyone makes or saves money.We also make connections and sometimes even make new friends.What's more，sharing encourages us to reuse items, therebycutting down on waste.And set­ups such as bike and car sharing do a further favour for the environment by reducing the number of polluting [6]vehicles on the road. [5]本句为Whether...or...引导的让步状语从句。状语从句中where引导定语从句，修饰先行词an online shop，关系词在从句中作地点状语；from which引导定语从句，修饰先行词a platform。 [6]画线部分为v.­ing作定语，修饰vehicles，动词pollute与vehicles之间为逻辑上的主谓关系。 4 But the sharing economy is not without its problems.As is often the case，[7] all over the world with new areas of economic activity, the sharing economy is developing faster than existing regulations or ongoingsupervision.Some companies are taking unfair advantage of this situation to expand their share of the market， often at the expense of more traditional and established companies.In addition, the sharing economy is subject to abuse of trust.Some people have experienced damage to their properties whilst renting out their homes, and others have found themselves victimsof theft or attack while sharing rides.Finally, personal data, the heart of the sharing economy, is not yet secure.Sharing platforms collect personal information about almost every part of our lives, including our names, locations, bank information, and individual preferences for goods and services.Yet, the technology to prevent such information from leaking or being stolen still needs improvement, and the awareness of potential risks is low among both service providers and users. [7]画线部分意为“情况常常如此”，As在此引导非限制性定语从句。 3.我们需要价格有竞争力的优质产品和服务，大量的共享方式是对这种不断增长的需求的回应，现在这些需求都可以通过一键单击来实现。无论是以最低价格出租名牌服装的网店，还是可以把自己的公寓短租几天的平台，都已出现。这对于出租者和租用者来说都是一个双赢的局面；人人都能挣钱，或都能省钱。我们可以建立联系，有时候甚至可以交到新朋友。不仅如此，共享方式鼓励我们将物品再次利用，从而减少浪费。共享单车、共享汽车等计划的实施会进一步保护环境，因为它们减少了行驶在路上的污染排放车辆的数量。 4．但共享经济并非没有问题。世界上新出现的经济领域通常都是如此，共享经济的发展速度过快，而现有法规和持续监管还未跟上。一些公司正在利用这种情况获取不公平的优势，以扩大市场份额，通常以牺牲已有的更为传统的公司为代价。此外，共享经济容易受到信任滥用的影响。有些人出租房屋时财物遭到破坏，还有人搭顺风车时成为盗窃甚至袭击的受害者。最后一点，个人数据，即共享经济的核心，也并不安全。共享平台收集的个人信息涵盖我们生活的方方面面，包括姓名、位置、银行信息、对商品和服务的个人偏好。然而，防止信息泄露或被盗的技术仍然有待改进，服务方和用户对潜在风险的防范意识也较低。 be subject to sth.易受某事(尤指坏事)影响 abuse n．滥用 property n．房屋及院落，庄园，房地产 whilst conj.当……时；虽然，尽管，相当于while victim n．受害者；受骗者 theft n．偷窃，偷盗 thief n．小偷，贼 secure adj.安全的，稳妥的 individual preferences 个人喜好 preference n．偏爱的事物 leak v．泄漏，透露，走漏 rate n．速度；比率 comprise v．包括，包含；组成，构成 take sb./sth.to 使某人/某物达到，把某人/某物带到另一个层次、层面 5 Nonetheless, what is in no doubt is that the sharing economy is increasingly relevant to our daily lives as well as to the global economy.[8] It is expanding at such a rate that we can only imagine what it will comprise in the future.[9]What will we be sharing next？Who will be sharing and how? And the most interesting question of all—what type of society will all this sharing take us to？ [8]本句中Nonetheless意为however/despite this fact，起到让步、转折的功能。what is...is that...结构中what引导主语从句，that引导表语从句。 [语用]　what is...is that...结构既可以让表达更简洁，避免头重脚轻的情况，还可以起到对主语和表语内容的强调作用。 [9]画线部分为such...that...结构，that引导结果状语从句；其中的what引导宾语从句。 5.尽管如此，共享经济无疑正在与我们的日常生活以及全球经济产生越来越密切的联系。它飞速扩张，我们只能想象它将来会包含什么。我们下一个共享的对象是什么？将由谁来共享以及如何共享？最有趣的问题是——这些共享将会带我们进入什么样的社会？ Ⅰ.Reading for main idea Read the passage quickly and choose the best answer. What is the topic of the passage? A．The sharing economy. B．The popularity of the sharing economy. C．The advantages of the sharing economy. D．The disadvantages of the sharing economy. 答案：A Ⅱ.Read for structure 答案：1.topic 2.benefits　3.drawbacks　4.future Ⅲ.Read for the details Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers. 1．What is the author's attitude towards sharing the economy? A．Critical.　　　　　 B．Optimistic. C．Pessimistic. D．Objective. 2．What is the purpose of the 1st paragraph? A．To introduce the topic. B．To inform us of the concept of the sharing economy. C．To call on us to share things with others. D．To arouse the reader's interest in the sharing economy. 3．Which one is the disadvantage of the sharing economy? A．It can reduce waste. B．It can reduce our demand for goods of high quality. C．It can lead to information being revealed. D．It can benefit our environment. 4．What can't we infer from the passage? A．Sharing is of benefit to establishing positive emotional bonding. B．There are many kinds of the action of sharing. C．Our increasing demand for quality goods and services contributes to sharing economy. D．The future of the sharing economy must be bright. 答案：1－4　DACD Ⅳ.Post­reading 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 Today，the action of sharing takes on extra meaning.It's not just about sharing sweets or __1__(frustrate)；it has expanded to almost every aspect of our lives－the whole world seems to be into __2__(share)． The sharing economy __3__(take)off in all sorts of areas.It is creating new ways of thinking and providing services to people when and where they want them. This wealth of ways of sharing is a response __4__ our increasing demand for quality goods and services at competitive prices，all delivered at __5__ click of a button. But the sharing economy is not without its problems.__6__ is often the case all over the world with new areas of economic activity，the sharing economy is developing __7__(fast)than existing regulations or ongoing supervision.Some __8__ (company) are taking unfair advantage of this situation to expand their share of the market.In addition，the sharing economy is subject to abuse of trust.__9__(final)，personal data，the heart of the sharing economy，is not yet secure. Nonetheless，what is in no doubt __10__(be)that the sharing economy is increasingly relevant to our daily lives as well as to the global economy.The most interesting question of all is what type of society with all this sharing take us to? 答案：1.frustration　2.sharing　3.is taking　4.to　5.the　6.As　7.faster　8.companies　9.Finally　10.is [重点单词] 1．toddler n．学步的儿童，刚学走路的小孩 2．hire v．(短期的)租用，租借 3．thereby adv. 因此，由此 4．expense n．费用，花费 5．abuse n．滥用 6．purse n．(女式)钱包 7．sorrow n．令人悲伤的事，不幸→sorrowful adj.伤心的，悲伤的；可悲的 8．frustration n．懊丧，懊恼，沮丧→frustrate v. 挫败；阻挠；使受挫折 9．supervision n．监督；管理→supervise v．监督；管理；指导 10．theft_n．偷窃，偷盗→thief n. 小偷，盗贼 [重点短语] 1．be_beneficial_to 有益于 2．set_up 设立，建起，设置 3．take_on_呈现，具有 4．take_off(事业等)步入正轨，腾飞；起飞，出发 5．rent_out出租(房屋、房间、土地等) 6．cut_down(on)削减，缩小(尺寸、数量或数目) 7．take_advantage_of_利用…… 8．at_the_expense_of_以损害……为代价 [经典句式] 1. 句式呈现 Whether it's an online shop where we can hire designer clothes at rock­bottom prices, or a platform from which we can rent out our flats for a couple of days, it's out there. 无论是以最低价格出租名牌服装的网店，还是可以把自己的公寓短租几天的平台，都已出现。 句式分析 本句是主从复合句。句中whether...or...在句中引导让步状语从句。 佳句仿写 Whether_she_works_as_a_player or as a coach，Lang Ping brought glory and won medals for China. 无论她是一名球员还是一名教练，郎平都为中国带来了荣誉和奖牌。 2. 句式呈现 Nonetheless, what is in no doubt is that the sharing economy is increasingly relevant to our daily lives as well as to the global economy. 尽管如此，共享经济无疑正在与我们的日常生活以及全球经济产生越来越密切的联系。 句式分析 本句是主从复合句。句中what引导主语从句；that引导表语从句。 佳句仿写 What_we_should_do_is_that we must wear masks outdoors. 我们应该做的是，我们必须在户外戴上口罩。 [词汇精讲] 1．sorrow n．令人悲伤的事，不幸vi.感到悲伤 (教材P44)Parents and teachers keep reminding us to share toys, snacks, books, happy memories, and sometimes even sorrows with others. 父母和老师不断地提醒我们要与他人分享玩具、零食、书籍以及快乐的回忆，有些时候甚至要分享自己的伤心事。 ◆[佳句感知] 　To my great sorrow，he turned down my application，saying that I wasn't qualified. 令我非常难过的是，他拒绝了我的申请，说我不合格。 [知识积累] (1)to one's sorrow让某人悲伤的是 (2)sorrow at/for/over sth.对某事感到悲伤 (3)sorrowful adj.悲伤的 ◆[学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 ①Much to my sorrow，all of my classmates teased my nursery rhyme，saying that it lacked rhythms. ②As a matter of fact，he didn't look up to see her sorrowful(sorrow) eyes. (2)佳句写作 ③出席会议的人都对他的离世感到悲伤。 The people present at the meeting sorrowed_over_his_death. ④悲伤的泪水顺着脸颊往下流，我紧紧地拥抱着父亲，说道：“我又失败了。”(with复合结构) With_tears_of_sorrow_rolling_down_my_cheeks，I hugged my father tightly，saying，“I failed again.” 2．hire n．(短期)租用，租借v.租借 (教材P45)Whether it's an online shop where we can hire designer clothes at rock­bottom prices... 无论是一个我们可以以最低价格租借名牌服装的网店…… ◆[佳句感知] 　She hired a truck to bring all the books to the houses of friends in the suburbs. 她租用了一辆卡车把所有的书都搬到了郊区的朋友家里。 [知识积累] (1)for hire供出租 (2)hire out 出租 hire oneself out to sb.受雇于某人 [名师点津]　employ，hire与rent 易混词 区别 employ 意为“雇用”，指商店或公司长期雇用人 hire 意为“(短期的)租借；雇”，指按工作量或时间雇用或租借，宾语可为人或物 rent 意为“租”，指长期租用或出租(房屋、土地等)，一般以物做宾语 ◆[学以致用] (1)选词填空：employ，hire，rent ①We rented our house while we were in France for a year. ②We'll have to hire someone to mend the roof. ③The company will employ fifty more people. (2)单句语法填空 ④Why don't you hire out your car to your neighbours while you're away and earn some money? ⑤Helmets will be available for hire at many ski areas. (3)完成句子 ⑥We hired_a_car so that we could go outing on Sunday. 我们租了一辆车，以便周日出去郊游。 3．expense n．费用；花费 (教材P45)Some companies are taking unfair advantage of this situation to expand their share of the market, often at the expense of more traditional and established companies. 一些公司正在利用这种情况获取不公平的优势，以扩大市场份额，通常以牺牲已有的更为传统的公司为代价。 ◆[佳句感知] 　He's arranged everything，no expenses spared. 他不惜代价把一切安排得井井有条。 [知识积累] at the expense of...以损害……为代价 at someone' s expense 由某人付钱；由某人负担费用；捉弄(某人) living/household/medical/legal expenses生活费用；家庭开支；医疗、律师费用 put sb.to the expense of sth.使某人花钱(于……)；使某人负担费用 ◆[学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 ①Too often，when you stand up to give a speech，you focus on/upon the “public” at_the expense of the “speaking”． ②I must work as a tutor to cover my daily expenses(expense)，which will cost an arm and a leg. (2)完成句子 ③Obviously，he built up the business at_the_expense_of_his_health. 很显然，他以自己的健康为代价逐步建立起这个企业。 4．abuse n．滥用 v．虐待 (教材P45)In addition, the sharing economy is subject to abuse of trust. 此外，共享经济容易受到信任滥用的影响。 ◆[佳句感知] 　What he did was an abuse of his power. 他的所作所为是滥用职权。 [知识积累] alcohol/drug abuse 醉酒；嗜毒 abuse one's power 滥用职权 ◆[学以致用] 完成句子 ①It's illegal to abuse_his_power to get profits for himself. 他滥用职权徇私谋利是违法的。 ②Those who_abuse_animals should be punished. 那些虐待动物的人应该受到惩罚。 [经典句式] 句式提炼：“whether...or...”句型 (教材P45)Whether it's an online shop where we can hire designer clothes at rock­boom prices，or a platform from which we can rent out our flats for a couple of days，its out there. 无论是以最低价格出租名牌服装的网店，还是可以把自己的公寓短租几天的平台，都已出现。 [句式分析]　本句是主从复合句。“Whether...or...”引导让步状语从句，其中where引导定语从句，修饰先行词online shop；“from which...”为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 platform。 ◆[佳句感知] 　Whether he will stay or leave，I really don't care. 我真的不在意他是留下还是离开。 [知识积累] “whether...or...”句型 (1)whether...or...无论是……还是……，不管是……还是……引导让步状语从句。 (2)whether...or...引导名词性从句，在句中做主语或宾语。 (3)whether ...or...连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，即谓语与靠近的名词、代词在人称和数上保持一致。 [名师点津]　遵循就近原则的还有下列词(组)连接的并列主语：or，either...or，neither...nor...，not...but...，not only...but also...等。 ◆[学以致用] (1)单句语法填空 ①Whether you are a worker or_carpenter makes no difference. ②He asked whether he was to lock the car or leave it unlocked. ③Whether you wear the red dress or the blue trousers are really unimportant! (2)完成句子 ④Whether_the_news_is_true_or_false，I won't change my plan. 不管消息是真是假，我都不会改变计划。 ⑤Whether_we_are_rich_or_poor，we are all equal. 人不分贫富一律平等。 [基础检测] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The abuse(滥用) of your powers does harm to all other officers who do their job properly. 2．Her assistant was accused of theft(盗窃) and fraud by the police. 3．Frazetta showed an aptitude for drawing while still just a toddler(学步的儿童)． 4．Sometimes frustration(沮丧) and anger can boil over into direct and violent action. 5．The death of my father actually brought_sorrow(伤心) to my life. 6．During the Spring Festival, many people hire(雇用) temporary workers to do the cleaning. 7．The garden was transformed at great expense(费用)． 8．She decided to rent(出租) out a room to get extra income. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．You are to meet with ________(frustrate) in the pursuit of success，but through greater efforts your dream will definitely come true. 2．While ________(wait)for the interview，I read the rules and regulations which were posted on the walls of the reception area. 3．Rainforests are being cut and burned at such a rate ________ they could well disappear from the earth's surface before the year 2050. 4．Experiments show that when kids are encouraged ________(share) what they have，they're roughly twice as likely to be generous later. 5．Share with others the things you discover，________ it's something you read in the news or hear about in another conversation. 6．It is clear that the number of undergraduates ________(increase) since 1999. 答案：1.frustration　2.waiting　3.that　4.to share　5.whether　6.has increased/has been increasing Ⅲ.选词填空 at the expense of，at the click of，in favour of，be subject to，take off，cut down on，at a rock­bottom price，rent out 1．A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle­aged in this city were ________________ the proposal for health care reform. 2．The state cleared the way for companies to sell or ________________ self­driving cars. 3．The competitiveness of our price is made possible by our cost control but not ________________ quality. 4．What they do offer is a good product ________________. 5．Even when the government has made a decision，it ________________ challenge in court or by public opinion. 6．The sharing economy is ________________ in China, where ride­sharing is increasingly commonplace. 7．If required，you can add a video conference or a phone call ________________ a mouse. 8．There's no doubt that ________________ plastic will help the environment. 答案：1.in favour of　 2.rent out　3.at the expense of　4.at a rock­bottom price　5.is subject to 6．taking off　7.at the click of　8.cutting down on Ⅳ.组句成篇微表达 1．众所周知，移动支付在中国已经成为一种趋势。 As is known to all，Mobile Payment ________ ________ ________ ________ in China. 2．一方面，移动支付方便又有效率。 On the one hand，Mobile Payment is convenient ________ ________ ________ ________. 3．我们可以只带一部手机而不是很多现金。 We can only take a mobile phone with us ________ ________ ________ ________. 4．这节省了我们很多时间并避免了很多麻烦。 It ________ ________ ________ time and trouble. 5．另一方面，移动支付在我们的日常生活中被广泛使用。 ________ ________ ________ ________，Mobile Payment ________ ________ ________ in our daily life. 6．我们用移动支付来支付账单、订票等等。 We ________ Mobile Payment ________ ________ bills，book tickets and so on. 7．总之，移动支付几乎适用于所有事情，并真的改变了我们的生活。 In a word，Mobile Payment ________ ________ in nearly everything and ________ ________ ________ our life. 答案：1.has been a tendency 2．as well as efficient 3．rather than much cash 4．saves us much 5．On the other hand；is widely used 6．use；to pay 7．is used；has really changed 组句成篇 提示： 1．用make it possible来合并句2和句3，句4变定语从句。 2．用like(比如)来合并句5和句6，适当增加过渡词等。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ As is known to all，Mobile Payment has been a tendency in China.On the one hand，its convenience as well as efficiency makes it possible for us to take with us only a mobile phone rather than much cash，which saves us much time and trouble.On the other hand，Mobile Payment is widely used in our daily life，like paying bills，booking tickets and so on.In a word，Mobile Payment is used in nearly everything and has really changed our life. [能力提升] Ⅰ.阅读理解 Russia has a history of beating the U. S. into space, and along with being the first to send a dog, man, and woman into space, they just became the first nation to send an actress and film crew up there. Scheduled for two weeks of filming aboard the International Space Station(ISS), actress Yulia Peresild and director Klim Shipenko became the first humans to film part of a full­length film in space, beating out poor old Tom Cruise, who since 2020 had made his intentions to film a movie aboard the ISS clear enough to NASA. The Challenge will be a big­budget Russian film based on the story of a top surgeon(Peresild)who is called upon to enter the Russian­module of the ISS for an emergency procedure. While many films certainly feature space, it will be the first full­length fiction to be filmed on the ISS. A Soyuz rocket departed the Earth at 4：55 a．m. on October 5th, and arrived three hours later carrying Ms. Peresild, Mr. Shipenko and their experienced astronautical guide, Anton Shkaplerov. “It is almost impossible to believe that this all came to reality，”said Peresild, opening the hatch(舱门)and floating into the space laboratory. The pair will gather around 35 minutes of footage(画面)before departing on the 17th of October, leaving Shkaplerov behind to work. In September 2020, it was announced that Cruise and Director Doug Liman had booked a flight on a SpaceX rocket headed for the ISS in October 2021. Ever eager for a space­race, Russian Channel One and a film studio called Yellow，Black, and White jointly announced with the Russian space agency Roscosmos their own plans for a space movie. While Peresild and Shipenko will be set to come down soon, Cruise's October launch plans are still_up_in_the_air. If Tom Cruise needs a bright side to look on, it's that the last time Russia and the U. S. had a first­to space race, Russia got into space first, but the U．S. got to the Moon. 1．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Russia will control the ISS instead of NASA. B．Russia has a long history of sending humans into space. C．Russia won the competition against America to film in space. D．Russia became the number one in space travel. 2．What can we learn about the Russian film? A．It is filmed by astronauts aboard the ISS. B．It shows an urgent story happening on the ISS. C．Yulia Peresild and Tom Cruise star together. D．It is the first film featuring space in history. 3．What can we learn about the space travel? A．The rocket arrived before 7 a. m. on October 5th B．Peresild and Shipenko stayed in space for about 12 days. C．Peresild refused to admit the dream could come true. D．Anton Shkaplerov is an experienced tourist guide. 4．What does the underlined phrase “up in the air” mean in the last paragraph? A．Announced.　　　　　 B．Checked. C．Excited. D．Unsettled. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了俄罗斯成为世界上首个登上太空拍摄电影的国家。 1．C　[主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“they just became the first nation to send an actress and film crew up there.”可知，本文主旨大意为，俄罗斯战胜了美国，率先实现了在太空上拍电影的愿望，故选C。] 2．B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“The Challenge will be a big－budget Russian film based on the story of a top surgeon (Peresild) who is called upon to enter the Russian­module of the ISS for an emergency procedure.”可知，这部俄罗斯电影展示了国际空间站上发生的一个紧急事件，故选B。] 3．B　[细节理解题。根据第四段中“A Soyuz rocket departed the Earth at 4：55 a．m. on October 5th, and arrived three hours later carrying Ms. Peresild, Mr. Shipenko and their experienced astronautical guide, Anton Shkaplerov.”和“The pair will gather around 35 minutes of footage (画面) before departing on the 17th of October, leaving Shkaplerov behind to work.”可知，Peresild和Shipenko在太空待了大约17－5＝12天，故选B。] 4．D　[词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“While Peresild and Shipenko will be set to come down soon, Cruise's October launch plans are still up in the air.”可知，划线词应该是“未解决的”的意思，故选D。] Ⅱ.语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese astronaut Wang Yaping made history on November 7, 2021 __1__ she became the country's first woman to conduct a spacewalk. Wang and fellow astronaut Zhai Zhigang, two of the three­member team currently at China's new Tiangong space station, __2__ (successful) completed the 6.5 hour spacewalk in the early hours of Monday morning. The third member of the Shenzhou­13 crew, Ye Guangfu, __3__ (stay) on the space station to support the spacewalk from the core module. During the spacewalk, the team installed a suspension device and transfer connectors to the station's robotic arm. They also tested the __4__ (safe) of supporting equipment, __5__(include) China's domestically produced spacesuit. It's the first time that the crew __6__(exit) the station since their arrival on October 16. Shortly after stepping out of the space station's cabin on Sunday, Wang waved to__7__ (citizen) on Earth and said she felt great, in a video __8__ (release) by the flight control center. Wang is China's second woman in space, after Liu Yang made history by joining __9__ Shenzhou­9 spacecraft in 2012. Before Wang, only 15 women globally had conducted spacewalks __10__ 1984, when Soviet astronaut Svetlana Savitskaya became the first to do so. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国宇航员王亚平，她创造了历史，成为中国首位进行太空行走的女性。 1．when　[考查定语从句。句意：2021年11月7日，中国宇航员王亚平创造了历史，成为中国首位进行太空行走的女性。先行词为November 7, 2021，设空处引导定语从句且在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when。故填when。] 2．successfully　[考查副词。句意：周一凌晨，王岐山和他的同事翟志刚成功完成了6.5小时的太空行走，他们是目前在中国新的天宫空间站的三人团队中的两名成员。设空处后为动词complete，设空处应为副词形式作状语修饰动词。故填successfully。] 3．stayed　[考查动词的时态。句意：神舟十三号机组的第三名成员叶光福留在空间站，以支持核心舱的太空行走。设空处在句中作谓语，叙述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填stayed。] 4．safety　[考查名词。句意：他们还测试了包括中国国产航天服在内的配套设备的安全性。设空处作动词tested的宾语，应用名词的形式，safety为抽象名词。故填safety。] 5．including　[考查介词。句意：他们还测试了包括中国国产航天服在内的配套设备的安全性。“介词including (包括……在内) ＋名词”作后置定语修饰supporting equipment。故填including。] 6．has/have excited　[考查动词的时态。句意：这是自10月16日抵达空间站以来，宇航员首次离开空间站。设空处在句中作谓语，It is ＋序数词＋that从句的时态应为现在完成时，主语为crew，crew表示飞机或轮船的全体工作人员时，是集合名词。用作主语时，若视为整体，谓语用单数；若考虑其个体，谓语用复数。结合主谓一致，故填has/have excited。] 7．citizens　[考查名词的单复数。句意：周日，在飞行控制中心发布的一段视频中，走出空间站后不久，王亚平就向地球上的市民挥手致意，说她感觉很棒。设空处作介词to的宾语，应用名词的形式，名词前无冠词修饰，应用名词复数的形式，表泛指。故填citizens。] 8．released　[考查非谓语动词。句意：周日，在飞行控制中心发布的一段视频中，走出空间站后不久，王亚平就向地球上的市民挥手致意，说她感觉很棒。设空处在句中作非谓语动词，和逻辑主语a video之间是逻辑的被动关系，用过去分词做后置定语，修饰名词a video。故填released。] 9．the　[考查冠词。句意：王亚平是中国第二位进入太空的女性，此前刘洋在2012年加入神舟九号飞船，创造了历史。设空处后为名词，根据后置定语“in 2012 (在2012年)”可知此处表示特指。应用定冠词the。故填the。] 10．since　[考查介词。句意：在王亚平之前，自1984年以来，当时苏联宇航员斯维特兰娜·萨维茨卡娅成为第一个这样做的人，全球只有15名女性进行了太空行走。结合句意，此处表示“自从……以来”。故填since。] Ⅲ.写作 假如你是校报编辑李华，校报英文版计划面向全体同学开展以“My space dream”为主题的征文比赛。请你在校报上写一则通知。内容包括： 1．作品要求； 2．截止时间及投稿方式。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Notice To satisfy students' thirst for the knowledge of space, our school English newspaper will organize an activity to write an article titled “My space dream”． The article mainly focuses on the development of our space industry and your space dream, which will greatly help us students know about the history and development of our space industry, and then inspire us to make contributions to it. Anyone who shows interest in it is welcome to take part in.Remember to send your article to English newspaper club @126.com by June 5. Your participation will surely make a difference. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $