Unit 3 Section Ⅳ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册五维课堂教师用书word（外研版）

本讲义以西南联大历史为核心载体，系统梳理相关词汇（如symbolic, emerge等）、语法结构（强调句、过去分词作状语等）及文本理解策略，通过“原文呈现-参考译文-注解助读-练习巩固”的学习支架，构建从语言输入到输出的完整学习脉络。 该资料特色在于融合语言能力与文化意识培养，通过联大历史文本提升学生语言理解与表达能力，借助其精神内涵涵养家国情怀。课中教师可依托文本解析与语法精讲优化教学，课后学生通过基础检测与能力提升练习巩固知识，有效查漏补缺，助力思维品质与学习能力发展。

Section Ⅳ　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas 　　　　　　　　对应学生用书P54 注解助读 原文呈现 参考译文 ①romantically adv.浪漫地 ②refer to...as把……称做 ③symbolic adj.象征的 ④immense adj.巨大的，广大的 ⑤heritage n．遗产 ⑥on foot步行 ⑦light up照亮；点亮 ⑧rough adj.粗野的；艰苦的 ⑨dire adj.可怕的；悲惨的 ⑩shortage n．缺乏，缺少；不足 a shortage of短缺； 缺少 ⑪furthermore adv. 此外；而且 ⑫due to 由于；应归于 ⑬despite prep.即使，尽管 ⑭fortify vt.加强；增强 ⑮emerge vi.浮现；暴露 LIANDA： A PLACE OF PASSION， BELIEF AND COMMITMENT 1．Throughout history, the great thinkers of the world have often rather romantically① referred to their academic struggles as② being like“war”. However, for most of them，the “war” has been purely symbolic③. Real war is never romantic 　as it brings suffering and immense④ challenges　(1)． 2．In 1937, the aggression of the Japanese army brought disaster to China's three great universities: Peking University and Tsinghua University were occupied by Japanese troops, 　while_Nankai_University_was_completely_destroyed_by_bombing　(2)．　To save educational and intellectual heritage⑤　(3), the three universities joined together in Kunming as National Southwest Associated University，otherwise 　known_as_Lianda　(4)． (1)as引导原因状语从句。 (2)while 引导并列句，表示对比，转折。 (3)不定式作目的状语。 (4)过去分词作定语。 3．Professors and students alike in the three universities made an epic journey over a distance of more than 2,000 kilometres, most of them on foot⑥. Their bed was the dusty road and their roof was the open sky, often lit up⑦ by exploding Japanese bombs. Conditions were little better 　once_they_reached_the_remote_and_mountainous_south­west_part_of_China　(5). They had to live in rough⑧ buildings, packed 40 to a room, like sardines. There were dire⑨ shortages⑩ of food，books，and equipment. Furthermore⑪， classes were frequently disrupted due to⑫ fierce air attacks and often had to be held before 10 am and after 4 pm. 4．However, despite⑬ the immense hardships and the daunting challenges, 　it was right in this place, over a period of eight long years, that the nation's intellectual heritage was not only guarded but fortified⑭　 　_by_the_passion_and_belief_of_the_worthy_academics_of_Lianda　(6)(7). 　It_is_no_wonder_that_many　(8)，　if_not_most　(9), of China's leading scholars and scientists emerged⑮ at Lianda，including the two Nobel Prize­winning physicists, Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao.“Lianda laid the foundation for every achievement 　I_have_made　(10)，”Yang recalled. 联大：一个充满热情、 信念和奉献的地方 1．纵观历史，世界上伟大的思想家们常常以一种浪漫的说法把他们的学术之争比喻为“战争”。然而，对他们中的大多数人来说，“战争”一词纯粹是象征性的。真正的战争从来不是浪漫的，因为它会带来痛苦和巨大的挑战。 2．1937年，日军的侵略给中国三所著名大学带来了灾难：北京大学和清华大学被日本军队占领，南开大学被彻底炸毁。为了保护教育和知识遗产这三所大学在昆明联合成立了国立西南联合大学，简称联大。 3．这三所大学的教授和学生们都进行了一场长达2000多公里的史诗般的旅行，大多数人都是步行。他们的床是尘土飞扬的道路，他们的屋顶是开阔的天空，经常被日本炸弹的爆炸照亮。当他们到达中国偏远多山的西南地区时，情况也好不到哪里去。他们不得不住在简陋的房子里，一间屋子挤着40个人，像沙丁鱼一样。食物、书籍和设备严重短缺。此外，由于猛烈的空袭，上课经常中断，经常不得不在上午10点之前和下午4点之后举行。 4．然而，尽管面临着巨大的困难和艰巨的挑战，在这个地方经过八年漫长的岁月，国家的知识遗产不仅得到了保护，还得到了强化，这些都归功于联大杰出学者们的热情和信念。难怪即使不是大多数， ⑯hold down抑制；压住 ⑰at war在交战中 ⑱a great many很多，许多 ⑲one tenth十分之一 分数表示法，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，若分子大于一，分母用复数。 ⑳depict vt.描述；描画 physically adv. 按自然法则；根本上 crowning adj.最高的；无比的 glory n．光荣，荣誉 not only...but also 不但……而且……连接两个并列成分，谓语动词根据就近原则。 because of因为；由于，后跟名词、代词 perseverance n．坚持不懈 dedication n．奉献；献身 commemorate vt. 庆祝，纪念 anniversary n．周年纪念 priceless adj.无价的；极贵重的 contribution n．贡献；捐献；投稿 reaffirm vt.再肯定，重申 blueprint n．蓝图；行动方案 He still remembers learning in a temporary classroom 　that_had_no_glass_in_the_windows　(11)．“On windy days, we had to hold down⑯ the paper on the desk, 　which_would_otherwise_be_blown_away　(12)，”he said. (5)once引导条件状语从句。 (6)it was...that为强调句型。 (7)not only...but (also)．..不仅……而且 (8)It is no wonder that...为主语从句，it为形式主语，that从句为真正主语。 (9)if条件句的省略形式。 (10)I have made为省略了引导词的定语从句。 (11)that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词classroom。 (12)which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the paper。 5．With the country at war⑰， students at Lianda were not going to shirk their duty. 　Driven_by_a_sense_of_commitment　(13), a great many⑱ joined the army to resist the Japanese invaders and defend the honour of the nation. In fact, Lianda provided the largest number of student­soldiers from any campus in China.Of the thousands of college students from all over China 　who_served_as_interpreters　(14)，one tenth⑲ were from Lianda, including the well­known translators Zha Liangzheng and Xu Yuanchong.Zha later depicted⑳ the contributions of his peers in a poem. Softly, on the hillside forgotten by all， A misty rain falls in a gentle breeze； There is no trace of the footprints of history； Where brave souls once stood, breathing new life into the trees. 6．A product of the war, Lianda is now physically gone. But it has become the crowning glory of China's modern universities, not only because of its prominent professors and talented students，but also because of the school's strong spirit of perseverance and dedication. In 2017, representatives from Peking University，Tsinghua University, Nankai University and Yunnan Normal University gathered to commemorate the 80th anniversary of its founding. 7．More than eighty years on, the priceless contribution of Lianda still needs to be reaffirmed. It has become part of the collective memory of the Chinese nation, 　with its spirit as the blueprint for all universities in China in the modern era　(15)． (13) Driven by...为过去分词作状语，表示原因。 (14)who引导定语从句，修饰先行词students。 (15)with复合结构作状语。 但也有许多中国领先的学者和科学家都是联大出身，包括两位诺贝尔奖得主，物理学家杨振宁和李政道。“联大为我所取得的每项成就奠定了基础。”杨振宁回忆道。他还记得在一间窗户没有玻璃的临时教室里学习。“在刮风的日子里，我们不得不把纸按在桌子上，否则纸就会被风吹走。”他说。 5．国家正处于战争状态，联大的学生们不会逃避他们的责任。在献身精神的驱使下，许多人参军抵抗日本侵略者，保卫国家的荣誉。事实上，联大输送的学生士兵的数量是中国所有校园中最多的。在来自全国各地担任翻译的数千名大学生中，有十分之一的人来自联大，其中包括著名的翻译家査良铮和许渊冲。査良铮后来在一首诗中描述了他的同龄人所做的贡献： 静静的，在那被遗忘的山坡上， 还下着密雨，还吹着细风， 没有人知道历史曾在此走过， 留下了英灵化入树干而滋生。 6．作为战争的产物，联大现在已经不复存在。但它已经成为了中国现代大学的最高荣耀，这不仅仅是因为那些杰出的教授和才华横溢的学生，也因为联大坚韧不拔和勇于奉献的精神。2017年，北京大学、清华大学、南开大学和云南师范大学的代表们齐聚一堂，共同纪念联大建校80周年。 7．尽管已经历经80多年，联大做出的无价贡献仍值得重申。它已成为中华民族集体记忆的一部分，联大精神更是描绘了现代中国所有大学的蓝图。 对应学生用书P56 Ⅰ.Reading for main idea 　What's the main idea of the passage? A．The background of the establishment of Lianda. B．Reasons for the establishment of Lianda. C．How the students of Lianda study hard. D．The establishment of Lianda and its influence. 答案：D Ⅱ.Reading for structure Reasons of building Lianda ◆In 1937, the aggression of the Japanese 1.　brought　 disaster to China； ◆To 2.　save　 educational heritage, the three universities built Lianda in Kunming. Hard conditions at that time ◆Professors and students went Lianda 3.　_on　 foot； ◆They lived in rough buildings； ◆There were 4.　shortages　 of food and books； ◆Classes 5.　were_disrupted　 by air attacks. Influence of Lianda ◆The nation's educational heritage was guarded； ◆A great number of leading scholars 6.　emerged　； ◆A great many students 7.　joined　 the army to defend nation. The spirit of Lianda ◆It has become the crowning glory of China； ◆It has become part of the 8.　_collective　 memory of the Chinese nation. Ⅲ.Reading for the details 1．The reason for the establishment of Lianda is 　________　. A．to continue educating students in China B．to save the educational and intellectual heritage of the three universities C．to train soldiers for the Anti­Japanese War D．to improve the consciousness of the whole people in the Anti­Japanese War 2．Which is WRONG about the difficulties Lianda was faced with at that time? A．There were no enough classrooms and equipment. B．The harassment and attack from the enemy. C．Lack of teachers. D．Poor natural environment. 3．What is the theme of Zha Liangzheng's poem in the passage? A．To call on people to fight with the invaders. B．To remind people not to forget the hardships the Chinese people suffered. C．To advise students to study in Lianda. D．To describe the contributions his peers made. 4．What caused many students to join the army to defeat the invaders? A．A sense of commitment. B．A sense of achievement. C．A sense of loss. D．A sense of trust. 5．Why has Lianda become the crowning glory of China's modern universities? A．Because of a product of the war. B．Because of its spirit of perseverance. C．Because of its collective memory. D．Because of the honour of the nation. 答案：1－5　BCDAB Ⅳ.Post­reading Due to the aggression of the Japanese army in 1937，Peking University，Tsinghua University and Nankai University 1.　joined　 (join) together in Kunming as National Southwest Associated University，otherwise 2.　known　 (know)as Lianda. Both professors and students walked more than 2,000 kilometres as Japanese bombs fell on the way.Though conditions were little 3.　better　 (good) once they reached the remote and mountainous southwest part of China，they were faced with lack of food，books and equipment and sometimes air attacks. In spite of the immense hardships and the daunting challenges,4.　the　 nation's intellectual heritage was not only guarded but fortified 5.　by　 the passion and belief of the worthy academics of Lianda. With a sense of commitment，a great many joined the army 6.　to_fight　 (fight) against the Japanese invaders.One tenth of the thousands of college students from all over China who served as 7.　interpreters　(interpret) were from Lianda. Though Lianda is now 8.　physically　 (physical) gone，it has become the crowning glory of China's modern universities because of its prominent professors and 9.　talented　 (talent) students and its strong spirit of perseverance and dedication.More than eighty years later，the 10.　contribution　 (contribute) of Lianda is still valuable. 对应学生用书P57 [重点单词] 1．　bomb　 v．轰炸 2．　associated　 adj.联合的 3．　anniversary　 n．周年纪念日 4．　sum　 n．金额，款项 5．　grain　 n．谷物，粮食 6．　relevant　 adj.有关的，切题的 7．　academic　 adj.学术的→　academy　 n．学院；学会 8．　rough　 adj.简单的→　roughly　 adv.大约；粗鲁地 9．　emerge　 v．出现→　emergency　 n．突发事件；紧急情况 10．　glory　 n．辉煌的成就→　glorious　 adj.光荣的 11．　dedication　 n．奉献→　dedicate　 v．奉献 12．　representative　 n．代表→　represent　 v．代表；描绘 [重点短语] 1．　refer_to...as　　　　　　把……看作 2．　light_up　 照亮 3．　due__to　 因为，由于 4．　hold_down　 抑制；压制 5．　blow_away　 吹走；驱散 6．　at_war_　 在交战状态中 7．　serve_as　 担任……，充当……； 起……的作用 8．　not_only...but_also　 不但……而且 9．　break_through_　 突破；突围 10．　track__down　 追捕 11．　turn_into　 变成；进入 12．　fight_against　 对抗；反对；与……作斗争 13．　lay_the_foundation_for　 为……打基础 14．　shirk_one's_duty　 逃避责任 [句式精析] 1．However, despite the immense hardships and the daunting challenges, it was right in this place，over a period of eight long years, that the nations intellectual heritage was not only guarded but fortified by the passion and belief of the worthy academics of Lianda. [句式分析]　本句是一个强调句。强调right in this place, over a period of eight long years。despite the immense...在句中作状语；that从句中包含一个not only...but (also)并列结构。 试译：　然而，尽管面临着巨大的困难和艰巨的挑战，在这个地方经过八年漫长的岁月，国家的知识遗产不仅得到了保护，还得到了强化，这些都归功于联大杰出学者们的热情和信念。　 2．It is no wonder that many，if not most，of China's leading scholars and scientists emerged at Lianda，including the two Nobel Prize­winning physicists，Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao. [句式分析]　本句是一个主语从句。It is no wonder为主句，that many，if not most，of China's leading...为从句；It为形式主语，that从句为真正主语。从句中含有一个if条件句的省略形式if not most。 试译：　难怪即使不是大多数，但也有许多中国领先的学者和科学家都是联大出身，包括两位诺贝尔奖得主，物理学家杨振宁和李政道。　 对应学生用书P57 [词汇精讲] 1 They had to live in rough buildings，packed 40 to a room，like sardines. 他们不得不住在简陋的房子里，像沙丁鱼一样，一个房间挤了40人。 *rough adj.简单的；粗糙的 ◆[佳句感知] 　The shipwrecked sailors fit a rough shelter together from building materials that they found on the island. 这些遭遇海难的水手在岛上找到一些建筑材料搭了一个简陋的房子。 [知识积累] be rough on sb.　　　　　对某人苛刻 give sb./have a rough time (使某人)受苦、 受到严厉的对待等 ◆[学以致用] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Don't be too rough 　on　 her；she's only a child and didn't know she was doing wrong. ②He knew 　roughly　 (rough) what was about to be said. ③John 　had_a_rough_time　 after losing both his job and his wife during the same year. 约翰在同一年失去了工作和妻子，日子过得很艰难。 2 It is no wonder that many，if not most，of China's leading scholars and scientists emerged at Lianda，including the two Nobel Prize­winning physicists，Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao. 难怪即使不是大多数，但也有许多中国领先的学者和科学家都是联大出身，包括两位诺贝尔奖得主，物理学家杨振宁和李政道。 *emerge v．出现 ◆[佳句感知] 　Further evidence of slowing economic growth is likely to emerge this week. 更多有关减慢的经济增长的证据本周可能出现。 [知识积累] emerge from　　　　从……中出现或显露 emerge out of 来源于 emerge as 作为……出现 ◆[学以致用] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Several facts started to emerge 　from　 my investigation. ②The musical forms emerged out 　of　 the American black experience. ③The Pacific region has rapidly emerged 　as　 a leading force on the world stage. ④　These_features_gradually_emerge　 as infants explore their world and interact with caregivers. 当婴儿探索他们的世界并与看护者互动时，这些特征逐渐出现。 3 “On windy days，we had to hold down the paper on the desk，which would otherwise be blown away，”he said. 他说：“在刮风的日子里，我们必须把桌子上的报纸压着，否则会被风吹走的。” *hold down保住；阻止上涨；压制，控制 ◆[佳句感知] 　Constant injury problems had made it tough for him to hold down a regular first team place. 不断的伤病问题让他很难保住一个常备主力位置。 [知识积累] hold back　　　　阻挡，抑制；踌躇，退缩； 保守，隐瞒 hold off 使……疏远，使不接近；拖延 hold on 坚持 hold onto 紧紧抓住 hold out 坚持；伸出；维持 hold up 支持，支撑；延迟；举起 ◆[学以致用] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Jim was able to hold 　back　 his anger and avoid a fight. ②He was determined to hold 　on　 whatever difficulties he might run into. ③We could get a new computer now or hold 　off_　until prices are lower. ④He was struggling to hold 　onto　 a rock on the face of the cliff. ⑤My business partner will hold 　down_　the fort for me when I'm on vacation. ⑥In this exciting event, any visitor can 　hold_out_his_arms_with_the_local_people　 and cheer together. 在这个激动人心的活动中，任何一个游客都可以和当地人一起伸出双臂欢呼。 4 In 2017，representatives from Peking University，Tsinghua University，Nankai University and Yunnan Normal University gathered to commemorate the 80th anniversary of its founding. 2017年，来自北京大学、清华大学、南开大学和云南师范大学的代表们齐聚一堂，纪念联大建校80周年。 　*representative n．代表 ◆[佳句感知] 　The association is sending representatives to the conference. 协会将派代表出席大会。 [知识积累] a representative of　　　……的代表 a representative for 作为……行业的代表 a representative from 来自……的代表 represent v. 代表，象征，表示 ◆[学以致用] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The negotiation was attended by 　representatives　 (represent )of several states. ②He is a representative 　for　 a large steel company. ③The representative 　from　 New Zealand spoke for the Pacific Islands Forum. ④He seemed to take it for granted that 　he_should_speak_as_a_representative　. 他似乎理所当然地认为他应当作为代表发言。 5 In 1938，the Japanese army offered a large sum of money for Yang's head and a large number of troops surrounded his men. 1938年，日本军队出了一大笔钱买杨靖宇的人头，大批军队包围了他的部队。 *sum n．金额；款项；总数；总和 vi.总结；概括 ◆[佳句感知] 　The expenses came to an enormous sum. 开支总数巨大。 [知识积累] do/work/make sums/a sum　计算；做算术题 in sum 大体上； 一言以蔽之；总之 sum up 总结；概括； 是……的总和； 合计 summary n. 总结，概要 summarize v. 总结；概述 ◆[学以致用] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①　In　 sum，the two countries are now true economic partners. ②She summed it 　up　 as“the most brilliant lecture I've ever attended”． ③Viewers saw him anchoring a five­minute 　summary　(sum) of regional news. ④ 　To_sum_up　， it is an amazing film which is suitable for both children and adults. 总而言之，这是一部既适合儿童又适合成人的精彩电影。 6 In early 1940，facing a critical lack of supplies，Yang decided to let his men break through in small groups，but his own section of 60 men was betrayed to the Japanese. 1940年初，面对严重的物资短缺，杨决定让手下小队突围，但他自己那一组60人被出卖给日本人。 *break through突破；突围；有重要创见 ◆[佳句感知] 　I broke through the poverty barrier and it was education that did it. 我冲破了贫困的障碍，正是教育使得我做到了这一点。 [知识积累] break up　　　　　打碎；分裂；解体；解散； (关系)破裂；结束；分手 break down 出故障；分解；瓦解；崩溃 break out 突然发生；爆发 (不用于被动语态) break in 非法闯入；插嘴；打断 break into 破门而入；非法闯入； 突然……起来 break off 打断；折断；中断(说话) break away from 脱离；摆脱；挣脱；打破陈规 ◆[学以致用] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Scientists think they are beginning to break 　through　 in the fight against cancer. ②The government decided against using force to break 　up　 the demonstrations. ③They can sometimes break 　down　 and you have to spend time mending them. ④Burglars had broken 　in　 while we were away. ⑤What if I break 　off　 this relationship and end up alone forever? ⑥He's a very talented young actor 　who's_just_ready_to_break_through　. 他是一名天赋很高、正待破茧而出的青年演员。 ⑦The company wants to　_break_away_from　 its downmarket image. 这个公司想摆脱它面向低消费阶层的形象。 7 Prepare a short presentation on one of the topics from Activity 2 or think of another relevant topic. 准备一份关于活动2中某个主题的简短报告，或者思考另一个相关的主题。 *relevant adj.有关的，切题的 ◆[佳句感知] 　Museums should have a more involved or relevant public role. 博物馆应起到进一步介入公众生活或更加举足轻重的社会作用。 [知识积累] be relevant to　　　与……有关 irrelevant adj. 不相干的，不相关的 ◆[学以致用] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Her appearance is not relevant 　to　 whether she can be a good teacher. ②It was all 　irrelevant　(relevant)，but I didn't want to interrupt him. ③I don't think what he said 　is_relevant_to_the_topic_　we are discussing. 我认为他说的和我们在讨论的话题没有关联。 [语境助记] Not all the content will be directly relevant to your tastes and in fact some of it will be completely irrelevant to you. 并非所有的内容都与你的喜好直接相关，事实上，有些内容与你完全无关。 [句式精析] 1 Driven by a sense of commitment，a great many joined the army to resist the Japanese invaders and defend the honour of the nation. 在一种责任感的驱使下，许多人参军抵抗日本侵略者，保卫国家的荣誉。 　[句式分析]　本句中的Driven by a sense of commitment是过去分词作原因状语。其中drive与句子的主语a great many 构成逻辑上的动宾关系。 ◆[佳句感知] 　Raised in the poorest area of Glasgow，he had a long，hard road to becoming a football star. 他在格拉斯哥最贫穷的地区长大，成为一名足球明星的道路漫长而艰难。 [知识积累] 过去分词(短语)作状语表示被动或完成的动作，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。 (1)作时间状语　过去分词作时间状语时，相当于一个when，while，after，once等引导的时间状语从句。 (2)作原因状语　过去分词作原因状语时，相当于一个as，since，because等引导的原因状语从句。 (3)作条件状语　过去分词作条件状语时，相当于一个if，unless等引导的条件状语从句。 (4)作让步状语　过去分词作让步状语时，相当于一个though，although，even if/though等引导的让步状语从句。 (5)作方式或伴随状语　过去分词作方式或伴随状语时，可以转换成一个并列句。 ◆[学以致用] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①　Seen　(see) from the hill，the city looks magnificent. ②　Given　( give) a few minutes，I'll finish it. ③　Explained　(explain) a hundred times，he still can't understand it. ④He soon fell asleep，　exhausted_by_the_journey　. 由于旅途劳顿，他很快就睡着了 ⑤　Driven_by_the_competitive_market　，these companies have to take active measures to improve their products. 在竞争激烈的市场驱动下，这些公司必须采取积极措施改进产品。 2 But it has become the crowning glory of China's modern universities，not only because of its prominent professors and talented students，but also because of the school's strong spirit of perseverance and dedication. 但它已经成为中国现代大学的最高荣誉，不仅因为它杰出的教授和有才华的学生，还因为学校的坚强的毅力和奉献精神。 　[句式分析]　句中not only...but also...“不仅……而且……”用作并列连词， 相当于“not just...but also...”。 ◆[佳句感知] 　The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also share a large number of social customs. 英国人和美国人不但语言相同，而且有很多相同的风俗习惯。 [知识积累] (1)该结构常用来连接并列成分，如两个主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语或句子，在意义上强调后者，其中also可以省略。 (2)“not only...but also...”连接主语时，谓语动词的数遵循就近原则；当not only 位于句首连接两个句子时，第一个分句要用部分倒装，第二个分句不倒装。 ◆[学以致用] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Light and bright colors make people not only happier 　but　 more active. ②Not just the students but also their teacher 　likes_　(like) playing football. ③They not only broke into his office 　but_(also)tore_up_his_papers._　 他们不仅闯进了他的办公室，而且还撕碎了他的文件。 ④　Not_only_you_but_(also)he_has_saved_　the boys from the fire. 不仅是你而且还有他从火中救出了那些男孩。 ⑤Not only 　can_he_speak_English　 correctly，but he also speaks it fluently. 他不仅能准确地说英语，而且说得很流利。 对应学生课时P34 基础检测 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The test was to judge ability rather than 　academic　 success. 2．A 100­pound 　bomb　 went off today，injuring three people. 3．A heavy fall of snow had 　disrupted　 the city's transport system. 4．The new moon 　emerged　 (出现) from behind the clouds. 5．The firm has two 　representatives　 (代表) in every European city. 6．I have saved a 　sum　 (金额) of money with which to buy a new computer for myself. 7．Farmers produced millions of tons of 　grain　 (谷物) to feed the nation. 8．I'm sorry but your personal wishes are not 　relevant　 (切题的) in this case. 9．We celebrated our 25th wedding 　anniversary　 (周年纪念)in Florence. 10．Sublime music floats on a scented summer 　breeze　 (微风) to the spot where you lie. Ⅱ.短语填空 blow away，at war，break through，light up，serve as，a sum of，track down，hold down, fight against，turn into 1．On September 5，at the end of the festival，a huge display of fireworks will 　light_up　 the sky around the whole area. 2．Strong winds can also 　blow_away　 the valuable soil that lies on the top of the fields. 3．Our nation is 　at_war　 against a far­reaching network of violence and hate. 4．In some countries，smartphones and other mobile devices 　serve_as　 replacements for the traditional desktop computer. 5．They presented 　a_sum_of　 money to the school where they studied years ago. 6．The sun 　broke_through　 at around lunchtime after several cloudy days. 7．I don't know where that old story came from.I've never been able to 　track　 it 　down　. 8．Since his release, he has struggled to 　hold_down　 a job. 9．The servants began to make water hot enough to 　turn_into　 gas for him to drink. 10．They're making the house that can 　fight_against　 tornadoes that's why it has an unusual shape. Ⅲ.单句语法填空 1．The students return in October for the start of the new 　academic　(academy) year. 2．Any new company is seen as an 　invader　 (invade) in an already competitive market. 3．I have only 　misty　 (mist) memories of my early childhood. 4．His sculpture is seen as the 　crowning　 (crown) achievement of his career. 5．With an election coming soon, your 　representative　 (represent) should be very responsive to your request. 6．What 　relevance　 (relevant) does that point have to the discussion? 7．Though very angry，I held 　back　 from telling him exactly what I thought. 8．The old man lay on the beach at ease，　exposed　 (expose) to the sun. 9．When 　asked　 (ask) about the secret of his success，the director said that he owed much of his success and happiness to his wife and children. 10．This stretching of capacity is what most people refer to 　as　 stress. 能力提升 Ⅰ.阅读理解 Is war unavoidable？Can war be prevented? History tells that there were wars，great or small，in every century，in every decade.Throughout the ages，from the Stone Age to the Atomic Age，men have been fighting，first with swords and shields(盾)，then with guns and cannons，and now，hydrogen bombs and missiles are used for military purposes.But，in spite of all these，it is still my belief that war can be prevented and peace can be won，but it requires the effort of every one of us. I am sure that we would not like to experience another world war.If it ever happens，two­thirds of the world and much of the civilisation which men have gained through time，patience and effort will be destroyed.Will then the remaining one­third of the world be able to survive on its own? Our task now is not to blame the past，but to plan for the future. If there is peace in the world，men can use their rockets to explore the mystery of space，their submarines to explore the depth of the sea，their missiles to deliver mails and their fine equipment to penetrate(穿透) the jungles of Africa，instead of using them military. Governments can use their money to build more schools，so that more children can be educated to be useful citizens.Scientists can use atomic energy to propel (推动) steamships and planes.They can also design new machines to increase the production of goods and thus improve the way of living of the people. How can a peaceful world be achieved？It requires，in my opinion，the understanding and friendship between all people from all nations.Let no one suffer discrimination by reason of colour，race，religion，or national origin.Let the rich support the poor and the strong help the weak. We know that neither peace nor such a dream world can come true in a day or a month.It may even take decades or centuries.But let us plan and begin now. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。主要讨论了人类是否能够阻止战争的问题。 1．The best title for this passage is 　______　. A．The Past and the Future B．To Die or To Survive C．War and Peace D．Understanding and Friendship 解析：C　[标题归纳题。文章主要论述了战争的可能性以及为了和平我们该怎么办，所以选C项。] 2．In the writer's opinion，　______　. A．it is too difficult to achieve peace B．peace can be won through the efforts of all human beings C．another world war is inevitable D．wars will always exist in the world 解析：B　[细节理解题。结合第二段中的“but it requires the effort of every one of us”及倒数第二段中的“It requires，in my opinion，the understanding and friendship between all people from all nations.”和最后一段中的“We know that neither peace nor such a dream world can come true in a day or a month.It may even take decades or centuries.”可知答案。] 3．We can infer from the passage that 　______　. A．wars were not expensive in the past B．wars can promote the development of weapons C．things for military use can be transformed to peaceful use D．as long as there are wars，people's way of living cannot be improved 解析：C　[推理判断题。结合第五段可知军事设备可用于和平用途。] 4．Which word can best describe the writer's picture of the future of the world? A．Optimistic. B．Pessimistic. C．Imaginative. D．Disappointing. 解析：A　[作者态度题。结合第二段的“it is still my belief that war can be prevented and peace can be won”和作者的语气可知作者对将来的和平持乐观态度。] Ⅱ.完形填空 Rishi Sharma is living his life differently.When he was a kid，Sharma was attracted by the men who 　__1__　 World WarⅡ. One day，Sharma learned that Lyle Bouck，a WWⅡ hero，was living quite near his home.　__2__　，Sharma looked up the number and dialed.Soon after，he 　__3__　 visiting military veterans (退伍军人) in nursing homes. Since graduation from high school，Sharma has made it his　__4__　 to interview as many WWⅡ veterans as he can.Because many of them are in their 80s and 90s，Sharma 　__5__　 that he has just around 10 years before they are gone.Therefore，he's 　__6__　 everything else in his life — college，dating and hunting a job — to 　__7__　 himself to this cause. For each veteran 　__8__　，Sharma creates a DVD of their stories.These men are known for their 　__9__　 to discuss what happened during the war.　__10__　，with frequent contact with the veterans，they're finally 　__11__　 to share their stories. Sharma tried to meet at least one WWⅡ veteran every day until the last of them 　__12__　.Later，Sharma founded Heroes of the Second World War，aiming to 　__13__　 the stories of WWⅡ veterans.He also launched a GoFundMe page which has 　__14__　 in more than $186,000 up to now.Sharma uses that money to pay for his travel and 　__15__　 equipment.He hopes to collect as many stories as he can — for their sakes，and for ours. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了夏尔马采访亲历二战的老兵并把采访制作成视频的故事。 1．A.looked into　　　　 B．ran into C．commented on D．fought in 解析：D　[根据下文中的“a WWⅡ hero”及“military veterans”可知，这些人参加了二战，故D项正确。] 2．A.Eventually B．Immediately C．Suddenly D．Naturally 解析：B　[空前说一天，夏尔马偶然得知一个消息——二战英雄莱尔·布克住在离他家很近的地方，于是他立即查电话号码，想要联系他，故B项正确。] 3．A.imagined B．considered C．denied D．began 解析：D　[根据空后的“visiting military veterans in nursing homes”可知，不久之后，他开始去养老院看望退伍老兵，故D项正确。] 4．A.lesson B．duty C．profession D．challenge 解析：B　[根据空后的“to interview as many WWⅡ veterans as he can”可知，夏尔马把采访二战老兵当作自己的职责，故B项正确。] 5．A.argues B．declares C．hopes D．figures 解析：D　[空前说他们中的许多人都已经八九十岁了，所以夏尔马估计他们的生命只有十年左右的时间了，故D项正确。] 6．A.putting off B．searching for C．giving away D．preparing for 解析：A　[根据空后的“everything else in his life — college，dating and hunting a job”可知，夏尔马推迟了生活中的其他事情，比如上大学、约会和找工作，故A项正确。] 7．A.introduce B．refer C．recommend D．devote 解析：D　[上文说夏尔马推迟了生活中的其他事情，他这样做就是为了投身于采访二战老兵这项事业之中，故D项正确。] 8．A.helped B．admired C．interviewed D．appointed 解析：C　[根据上文中的“Since graduation from high school，Sharma has made it his　__________　to interview as many WWⅡ veterans as he can.”可知，从高中毕业开始，夏尔马就把尽可能多地采访二战老兵作为自己的职责，因此他为每一位接受采访的老兵制作了一张DVD来记录他们的故事，故C项正确。 ] 9．A.intention B．curiosity C．refusal D．anxiety 解析：C　[根据下文的“they're finally 　__________　to share their stories”可知，这些老兵拒绝谈论自己过去的经历，故C项正确。 ] 10．A.However B．Therefore C．Otherwise D．Besides 解析：A　[空前说这些老兵拒绝谈论自己过去的经历，再根据空后的“with frequent contact with the veterans，they're finally 　__________　to share their stories.”可知此处表示转折关系，故A项正确。 ] 11．A.satisfied B．willing C．afraid D．confident 解析：B　[根据空前的“with frequent contact with the veterans”可知，随着与这些老兵的接触越来越多，他们最终愿意分享他们的故事，故B项正确。] 12．A.showed up B．set off C．got away D．passed away 解析：D　[根据上文中的“Because many of them are in their 80s and 90s，Sharma 　__________　that he has just around 10 years before they are gone.”可知，这些老兵中的许多人都已经八九十岁了，夏尔马估计他们的生命只有十年左右的时间了，所以他每天至少要见一位二战老兵，直到最后一位老兵去世，故D项正确。 ] 13．A.sell B．design C．preserve D．assess 解析：C　[上文说夏尔马把采访二战老兵当作自己的职责，并为每一位接受采访的老兵制作了一张DVD来记录他们的故事，因此这个非营利组织致力于保存二战老兵的故事，故C项正确。] 14．A.turned B．brought C．broken D．taken 解析：B　[根据空后的“more than $186,000”可知，这个主页带来了许多捐款，故B项正确。] 15．A.video B．office C．research D．computer 解析：A　[根据上文中的“Sharma creates a DVD of their stories”可知，夏尔马为二战老兵制作DVD，这需要用录像设备，故A项正确。] Ⅲ.应用文写作 请写一篇80词左右的短文简要介绍雷锋。主要内容如下： 雷锋出生在湖南省望城县，虽然生命只有短暂的22岁，但他作为一名解放军战士，努力工作，乐于助人，一生做好事无数，被视为英雄，人们的楷模。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Lei Feng was born on December 18,1940 in Wangcheng County，Hunan and died on August 15,1962.He was orphaned at 7 years old.Although he lived a short life of only 22 years，as a soldier in the People's Liberation Army，he worked hard and was always ready to help others.He did countless good deeds in his short life and has been regarded all the time as a hero and model for every citizen. In a word，Lei Feng was an example of the soldiers of the People's Liberation Army in China. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $