Unit 3 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas(Ⅰ)-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册五维课堂教师用书word

本讲义围绕“War and peace”主题，系统梳理核心词汇（violent, troop等）、短语（be made up of, have confidence in等）、重点句型（with复合结构、过去分词作状语等）及主谓一致语法，通过“读图探新”引入主题，结合诺曼底登陆文章阅读与理解练习，搭建“输入-分析-输出”学习支架，衔接写作任务介绍战斗英雄。 资料以战争历史事件为载体，“读图探新”引导学生思考战争影响与和平意义，培育文化意识与人类命运共同体意识。文章注解助读与语法解析（如独立主格结构）提升语言能力，士兵回忆片段等细节题训练思维品质。课中辅助教师引导深度阅读，课后练习助学生巩固知识，实现语言运用与价值塑造统一。

Unit 3　War and peace 对应学生用书P43 [重难预知] 核心 单词 violent；　　　landing；　　　troop；　　　　　tide；　　　　supreme；　　　commander； objective; coastline; violence; horror; drown; tank； recall; barely; liberate; memorial; outstanding; uniform； friction; weapon; stability; academic; bomb; rough； emerge; breeze; representative; sum; grain; relevant 核心 短语 be made up of；have confidence in；nothing less than；prepare for；make it；get across；as well as；put down；make sure；play a role in；refer to...as；due to；hold down；at war；a great many；serve as；not only...but also；break through；track down；turn into；fight against 重点 句型 1.with复合结构 2．过去分词作状语 3．独立主格结构 4．not only...but also并列结构 单元 语法 Subject­verb agreement (1)　[主谓一致(Ⅰ)] 写作 任务 Writing about a war hero (介绍一位战斗英雄) [读图探新] Look at the following pictures and answer the following questions. 1．What is your opinion about the war? War_is_cruel，it_causes_great_destruction_to_the_country,_society_and_people's_life_of_the _warring_parties,_and_seriously_hinders_the_economic_development_and_social_stability_of_the_victimized_countries.　 2．How do you think war can be avoided? Only_when_all_countries_live_in_peace_and_friendship_can_war_be_avoided.　 Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas(Ⅰ) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　对应学生用书P44 注解助读 原文呈现 参考译文 ①landing n．着陆；降落 ②across the globe在全球 ③allied troops盟军 ④(be)made up mainly of主要由 …… 组成 ⑤in large numbers大规模 ⑥code­name v．代号为 ⑦in history历史上 ⑧free...from使 …… 摆脱 …… ⑨tide n．潮汐 ⑩be set for(日期)定在 ⑪Supreme Allied Commander盟军最高司令官 ⑫battle­hardened adj.久经沙场的 ⑬march to向……进军 ⑭have full confidence in 对……充满信心 ⑮nothing less than完全是 ⑯prepare for为……做准备 ⑰at dawn拂晓 ⑱by parachute乘降落伞 ⑲objective n．目的，目标 ⑳coastline n．海岸线 be prepared for为 …… 做好了准备 violence and horror暴力和恐怖 The D­DAY LANDINGS① 1．By spring 1944，the Second World War had been raging across the globe② for about five years.But along the south coast of England，something unusual was happening: Allied troops③ made up mainly of④ British，Canadian and American soldiers were gathering in large numbers⑤.This marked one of the final stages of a top­secret operation 　that_had_been_months，perhaps_years，in_the_planning　(1)．Code­named⑥“Operation Overlord”，it was the largest combined sea，air and land operation in history⑦，　the aim being to free north­west Europe from⑧ German occupation　(2)．After waiting for the perfect combination of weather，moon and tides⑨，the date for the start of Operation Overlord was set for⑩ 6 June. (1)that引导定语从句， 修饰先行词operation。 (2)“ n．＋doing...”构成独立主格结构。 2．An order 　issued by Supreme Allied Commander ⑪ 　(3) General Eisenhower to the troops read：“Your task will not be an easy one.Your enemy is well trained，well equipped and battle­hardened⑫ ...But this is the year 1944...The tide has turned! The free men of the world are marching together to⑬ Victory! I have full confidence in⑭ your courage，devotion to duty and skill in battle.We will accept nothing less than⑮ full Victory！” (3)过去分词短语作名词order的后置定语。 　3.With these words ringing in their ears，Allied soldiers prepared for⑯ what would become known as D­Day　.(4)At dawn⑰ on 6 June，thousands landed by parachute⑱ behind enemy lines in northern France.Meanwhile，thousands more were journeying across the English Channel to Normandy，protected by fighter planes in the skies above them.Their objective⑲ was clear: to reach the Normandy beaches along about 80 kilometres of French coastline⑳.But even in the depths of war，few could have been prepared for the violence and horror 　they_would_experience_there　(5)． (4)句中With...their ears为with复合结构， what...D­Day为宾语从句。 (5)省略关系代词的定语从句， 修饰先行词violence and horror。 诺曼底登陆 1．到1944年春，第二次世界大战已经在全球肆虐了大约五年。但在英格兰南部海岸，一件不同寻常的事情正在发生：主要由英国、加拿大和美国士兵组成的盟军部队正在大规模集结。这标志着一项绝密行动的最后几个阶段之一的到来，这项行动已经筹划了数月，甚至数年。代号为“霸王计划”，这是历史上规模最大的海陆空联合行动，目的是要将西北欧从德国占领下解放出来。在等待了天气、月亮和潮汐的完美组合之后，霸王计划的开始日期定在了6月6日。 2．盟军最高司令官艾森豪威尔将军向部队下达命令：“你们的任务不容易。你们的敌人训练有素，装备精良，久经沙场……但现在是1944年……形势已经逆转！ 全世界的自由人正在一起向胜利进军！ 我对你们的勇气、忠于职守和战斗技能充满信心。我们必须取得彻底的胜利！” 3．这些话在他们的耳畔回响，盟军士兵为后来著名的诺曼底登陆日做好了准备。6月6日拂晓，数千名士兵乘降落伞在法国北部敌后着陆。与此同时，数千名士兵在战斗机的保护下，横渡英吉利海峡前往诺曼底。他们的目标很明确：沿着法国大约80公里的海岸线到达诺曼底海滩。但是，即使在战争最惨烈的时候，也很少有人对他们在那里将要经历的暴力和恐怖做好了准备。 drown v．淹死 make it成功， 达到 gunfire n．炮火 amongst the tanks在坦克之间 recall v．回想， 回忆起 barely adv.勉强才能 get across横过(马路、河等) in between在中间 be seen widely as被广泛视为 by the end of到……为止 liberate v．解放(城市、国家等) remove...from从……中移走或除掉 prepare to do...准备做某事 meet up with与……会合 seventy years later 70年后 memorial ceremonies纪念仪式 this solemn and moving occasion这一庄严感人的仪式 read out to向……大声朗诵 weary v．使疲倦 condemn v．迫使(陷于不幸的境地) continue to do...继续做某事 outstanding acts of courage杰出的勇敢行为 as well as不仅……而且…… 　　4.The fiercest fighting was at Omaha Beach.The enemy were hiding，ready to attack the Allied soldiers even 　before_they_reached_land　(6)．Boats were hit and men drowned，　while those who did make it to the beach faced heavy machine gunfire　(7)．By mid­morning，hundreds lay dead in the water and amongst the tanks on the beach.One soldier recalled 　how he barely made it with bombs falling all around him　(8)：“I was the first one out.The seventh man was the next one to get across the beach without being hit.All the ones in between were hit.Two were killed; three were injured.That's 　how_lucky_you_had_to_be　(9)．” (6)before引导时间状语从句。 (7)while为并列连词， 表示对比， who引导定语从句， 修饰先行词those。 (8)how引导宾语从句。 (9)how引导表语从句。 5．But，despite the high cost in human life，the D­Day landings were a success and were seen widely as the beginning of the end of the Second World War.By the end of August 1944，the Allies had reached the River Seine，Paris was liberated and the Germans had been removed from north­west France.The Allied forces then prepared to enter Germany，　where they would meet up with the Soviet military moving in from the east　(10)． (10)where引导非限制性定语从句， 修饰先行词Germany。 6．　Seventy years later，men who had fought on D­Day gathered on both sides of the English Channel，where people were coming together for memorial ceremonies　.(11)As part of this solemn and moving occasion，a former soldier read out to the crowd these lines from the poem For the Fallen，by Laurence Binyon： They shall grow not old，　as_we_that_are_left_grow_old　(12)： Age shall not wearythem，nor the years condemn. At the going down of the sun and in the morning We will remember them. (11)句中who had fought on D­Day为定语从句， 修饰先行词men, where引导非限制性定语从句， 修饰先行词the English Channel。 (12)as引导方式状语从句。 7．Survivors of the D­Day landings continue to meet to remember the fellow soldiers and friends 　they_lost_that_day　(13)．　Although each year they are fewer in number，their outstanding acts of courage mean that we will always remember them—as well as those who lost their lives on the beaches of northern France.　(14) (13)省略关系代词的定语从句， 修饰先行词soldiers and friends。 (14)句中although引导让步状语从句， that引导宾语从句， who...northern France为定语从句， 修饰先行词those。 　　4.最激烈的战斗发生在奥马哈海滩。敌人躲藏起来了，甚至在盟军登陆之前就准备好攻击他们。船被击中，人淹死了，而那些确实成功到达海滩的士兵则面临着重型机关枪的打击。到上午10点左右，数百人死在水里和海滩上的坦克之间。一名士兵回忆说，当时他身边到处都是落下来的炸弹，他差点丧命：“我是第一个冲出来的。第七个人是第二个穿过海滩而没有被击中的人。中间的都被击中了。两人被打死；三人受伤。当时活下来就得靠侥幸。” 5．但是，尽管生命代价高昂，诺曼底登陆还是成功的，并被广泛视为第二次世界大战结束的前兆。1944年8月底，盟军到达塞纳河，巴黎获得解放，德国人被从法国西北部赶走。盟军随后准备进入德国，在那里他们将与来自东部的苏联军队会合。 6．70年后，在诺曼底登陆日作战的士兵聚集在英吉利海峡两岸，人们聚集在一起举行纪念仪式。作为这一庄严感人的仪式的一部分，一名退伍军人向人群大声朗诵了劳伦斯·比尼恩的《致阵亡者》中的这几行诗句： 他们永远不会老朽， 不像我们留下来的日渐衰老： 他们永远不为耄耋所难， 永远不为残年所累。 每当太阳落下， 每当清晨来临， 我们就会想起他们。 7．诺曼底登陆的幸存者继续聚会，纪念他们在那天失去的战友和朋友。尽管他们的人数每年都在减少，但他们杰出的勇敢行为意味着我们将永远记住他们——以及那些在法国北部海滩上牺牲的人。 对应学生用书P46 Ⅰ.Reading for main idea 1.Para.1 2．Para.2 3．Para.3 4．Para.4 5．Para.5 6．Para.6 7．Para.7 A.The beginning of the operation. B．The fiercest fighting at the beach. C．The preparations for the operation. D．General Eisenhower's order. E．Memorial ceremonies for the operation. F．The dead will be remembered forever. G．The success of the operation. 答案：1－7　CDABGEF Ⅱ.Reading for structure The D­DAY LANDINGS Spring 1944 ◆Allied troops 1.　gathered　 in large numbers along the south coast of England. ◆The aim of code­named“Operation Overlord”is 2.　to_free　 north­west Europe from German occupation. 6 June 1944 ◆Thousands landed 3.　by_parachute　 behind enemy lines in northern France. ◆Thousands more 4.　journeyed　 across the English Channel to Normandy. ◆Hundreds 5.　lay_dead　 in the water and amongst the tanks on the beach. August 1944 ◆The Allies 6.　liberated　 Paris. ◆The Germans was 7.　removed_from　 north­west France. ◆The Allied forces 8.　prepared　 to enter Germany. Outcome of The operation ◆Despite the high cost in human life，the D­Day landings were 9.　a_success　. ◆It finally led to the 10.　end　 of the Second World War. Ⅲ.Reading for details 1．What is the aim of“Operation Overlord”？ A．To make up Allied troops. B．To plan a top­secret operation. C．To liberate north­west Europe. D．To combine weather with sea. 2．What did the Allied troops do on the early morning of 6 June? A．They listened to General Eisenhower. B．They headed bravely for Normandy. C．They were preparing for the operation. D．They were gathering along French coastline. 3．What can we learn from the scenes one soldier recalled? A．The fighting was very fierce. B．The enemy were very wise. C．Heavy machine gunfire is terrible. D．Tanks were of little use. 4．What can we know about Laurence Binyon in the passage? A．He is a former soldier. B．He is a survivor. C．He is a commander. D．He is a poet. 答案：1－4　CBAD Ⅳ.Post­reading By spring 1944，Allied troops had been gathering in large numbers.This largest 1.　combined　(combine)sea，air and land operation in history aimed to free north­west Europe from German 2.　occupation　(occupy)．The date for 3.　the　 start of Operation Overlord was set for 6 June.At dawn on 6 June，thousands landed 4.　by　 parachute behind enemy lines in northern France.Their objective was 5.　to_reach　(reach)the Normandy beaches.The fiercest fighting was at Omaha Beach and by mid­morning，hundreds lay dead in the water and amongst the 6.　tanks　(tank)on the beach.Despite the high cost in human life，the D­Day landings were 7.　a　 success.By the end of August 1944，the Germans 8.　had_been_removed　(remove)from north­west France.Seventy years later，survivors came together for 9.　memorial　(memory)ceremonies.Although each year they are 10.　fewer　(few)in number，we will always remember their outstanding acts of courage. 对应学生课时P26 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A It was December 25, 1914, only 5 months into World War Ⅰ.German, British, and French soldiers, already sick and tired of the senseless killing, disobeyed their superiors and started socialising with“the enemy”along two­thirds of the Western Front. German troops held up Christmas trees with signs“Merry Christmas”．Thousands of troops ran across the battlefields covered with dead bodies.They sang Christmas songs，exchanged photographs of loved ones back home, shared food and even played football.Soldiers hugged men they had been trying to kill a few short hours before.They agreed to warn each other if their officers forced them to fire their weapons，and to aim high. Fear ran through the military leaders on both sides.They felt that their power was being challenged：soldiers declaring their brotherhood with each other and refusing to fight.Generals declared this unexpected peacemaking illegal and said that participating soldiers would face a military court.Those found guilty would be imprisoned or even shot.By March 1915 the socialising movement had been destroyed and the killing machine was back in full operation.Over the next three years more than fifteen million people died in the war. Not many people have heard the story of the Christmas Truce(休战)．On Christmas Day, 1988, a local radio host in Boston played“Christmas in the Trenches”， a song about the Christmas Truce, several times and was 　stunned　 by his listeners' response.Thousands of people called in, praising the song, with many moved to tears by the amazing events it describes. You can probably guess why the callers were in tears.The Christmas Truce story goes against most of what we have been taught about people.It lets us see the world as it can be and says，“This really happened once.” It shows us the potential we have as humans, and contradicts all of those TV and newspaper stories that tell us how mean and heartless people are.It is like hearing that our deepest wishes really are true：the world really can be different. [语篇解读 ]　本文主要讲述了一战期间，随着战争的残酷性加深，士兵的反战情绪日益高涨，一些士兵拒绝执行作战命令，战场上竟然出现了“圣诞休战”。 1．The soldiers began socialising with the enemy because 　________　. A．they couldn't bear the meaningless killing B．it was the best way to avoid being killed C．they feared that they would be caught D．their enemies were from similar backgrounds 解析：A　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“German, British, and French soldiers, already sick and tired of the senseless killing, disobeyed their superiors and started socialising with ‘the enemy’ along two­thirds of the Western Front.”可知，士兵因为厌烦毫无意义的杀戮，开始拒绝执行作战命令，并且开始和“敌人”交往。故选A。] 2．How did the generals finally put an end to the soldiers' socialising? A．They sent the soldiers' loved ones to prison. B．They moved the two groups of soldiers further apart. C．They increased the number of officers to control the soldiers. D．They warned the soldiers that they would face severe punishment. 解析：D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Generals declared this unexpected peacemaking illegal and said that participating soldiers would face a military court. Those found guilty would be imprisoned or even shot.”可知，将军对士兵进行了严厉的警告，违令者会被监禁甚至枪杀。故选D。] 3．The underlined word“stunned”in Paragraph 4 most probably means“　________　”． A．satisfied　　　　 B．shocked C．amused D．confused 解析：B　[词义猜测题。根据“Thousands of people called in，praising the song，with many moved to tears by the amazing events it describes.”可知，电台主持人播放了几次这首歌后，被听众的反应“震惊”了。故选B。] 4．The author uses the story of the soldiers to imply that human beings 　________　. A．are not trustworthy under stress B．are naturally aggressive and warlike C．are basically caring and kind­hearted D．will always do what is in their own self­interest 解析：C　[写作意图题。本文主要讲述了一战期间，随着战争的残酷性加深，士兵的反战情绪日益高涨，一些士兵拒绝执行作战命令。本文旨在告诉我们：人们仁慈善良，从内心渴望世界和平。故选C。] B In 1905，as part of his Special Theory of Relativity，Albert Einstein published the point that a large amount of energy could be released from a small amount of matter.This was expressed by equation E＝mc2(energy＝mass times the speed of light squared)．But bombs were not what Einstein had in mind when he published this equation. In 1929，he publicly declared that if a war broke out he would“refuse to do war service，direct or indirect...”His position would change in 1933，as a result of Adolf Hitler's coming into power in Germany. Einstein's greatest role in the invention of the atomic bomb was signing a letter to President Franklin Roosevelt urging that the bomb be built because some physicists feared that Germany might be working on an atomic bomb.Among those concerned were physicists Leo Szilard and Eugene Wigner.But Szilard and Wigner had no influence with those in power.So in July 1939 they explained the problem to someone who did：Albert Einstein.After talking with Einstein，in August 1939，Szilard wrote a letter to President Roosevelt with Einstein's signature on it，which was delivered to Roosevelt in October 1939. Germany has invaded Poland the previous month；the time was ripe for action.That October research of a bomb began but proceeded slowly because the invention of the atomic bomb seemed distant and unlikely.In April 1940 an Einstein letter，ghost­written by Szilard，pressed the researchers on the need for“greater speed”． As the realization of nuclear weapons grew near，Einstein looked beyond the current war to future problems that such weapons could bring.He wrote to his friend about his fear about the future use of the a bomb. The atomic bombings of Japan occurred three months after Germany gave in. In November 1954，five months before his death，Einstein summarized his feelings about his role in the creation of the atomic bomb：“I made one great mistake in my life...when I signed the letter to President Roosevelt recommending that atom bombs be made；but there was some justification—the danger that the Germans would make them.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。爱因斯坦曾表示自己不会为战争服务，但是后来却间接推动了原子弹的研发。 5．What can we learn about Szilard and Wigner? A．They were not as influential as Einstein. B．They were responsible for the invention of nuclear weapons. C．They had cheated their friend Albert Einstein. D．They had an intention to destroy the world. 解析：A　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But Szilard and Wigner had no influence with those in power.So in July 1939 they explained the problem to someone who did: Albert Einstein.”可推知，Szilard和Wigner不如爱因斯坦那么有影响力。故选A。] 6．Einstein realized his mistake of 　________　. A．co­operating with his workmates B．inventing the atomic bomb C．publishing his equation D．signing the letter to President Roosevelt 解析：D　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I made one great mistake in my life...when I signed the letter to President Roosevelt recommending that atom bombs be made...”可知，爱因斯坦意识到自己为那封给罗斯福总统的信签名是一个错误。故选D。] 7．Why did Einstein suggest making atom bombs? A．Because President Roosevelt asked to do so. B．Because it was likely that Hitler would make them. C．Because he was not in favor of President Roosevelt. D．Because it was not necessary to do so. 解析：B　[细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Einstein's greatest role in the invention of the atomic bomb was signing a letter to President Franklin Roosevelt urging that the bomb be built because some physicists feared that Germany might be working on an atomic bomb.”以及最后一段可知，爱因斯坦之所以建议造原子弹是因为他担心德国的希特勒可能会造原子弹。故选B。] 8．The best title for the passage would be“　________　”． A．A Story of Albert Einstein B．Albert Einstein and the Atomic Bomb C．It Was Unfair for Einstein D．How the Atomic Bomb Was Invented 解析：B　[标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲述的是爱因斯坦对原子弹的研发的影响，所以B项“爱因斯坦和原子弹”适合用作本文的标题。故选B。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五 It is necessary to be reasonable and flexible enough to avoid conflicts as much as possible and live in peace with others.　__1__　 If you have done all your best to avoid conflicts and you are still arguing, then read these effective tips on how to avoid conflicts. Don't get in the center of the conflict. Sometimes people can get in the center of conflicts due to their enthusiasm for offering help. Frankly speaking, it is very unwise, because it can make you the main figure of the conflict.　__2__　 You should focus on your own life issues. Be kind. 3__　 Life is full of conflicts and disagreements, and that's why you should find more conservative ways of dealing with them. For example, kindness can lessen the conflict. Try to be a peacekeeper. Peacekeepers tend to cooperate with people without bad emotions which usually lead to arguments and even conflicts.“　__4__　”This saying is the life motto of a natural­born peacekeeper.Don't worry if you are not a natural­born peacekeeper; you can gain this skill during life. Walk off. When the conflict is gathering pace and you can't manage to control yourself, you should choose to handle the situation in another way. By all means, try to keep yourself away from stress. 　__5__　 You should get away from the situation for a while. A．The greatest victory is a battle not fought. B．Conflicts are unavoidable, so try to accept them. C．Weak people usually desire others to offer help and support. D．Let other people solve their problems without your presence. E．It is helpful to put some distance between yourself and the opponent. F．When someone pushes you to the limit, try to act kindly towards this person. G．Arguing can either break your friendship or affect your relationship to some degree. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几种有效避免冲突的建议。 1．G　[根据空前一句“It is necessary to be reasonable and flexible enough to avoid conflicts as much as possible and live in peace with others.”可知，尽量避免冲突是十分有必要的；据此可以判断，空处承上启下，介绍冲突的严重危害，引出文章主题，故G项正确。] 2．D　[根据空后一句“You should focus on your own life issues.”可知，作者建议把注意力集中在自己的事情上；据此可以判断，空处建议“让其他人自己解决他们自己的问题”，故D项符合文意。] 3．F　[根据该段标题“Be kind.”可知，该段主要阐述“和善待人”的建议，这与F项中的“try to act kindly towards this person”照应，故F项符合文意。] 4．A　[根据空后一句“This saying is the life motto of a natural­born peacekeeper.”可以判断，空处是调解人的一句格言。A项意为“最伟大的胜利是一场没有战斗的斗争”，符合文意，故A项正确。] 5．E　[根据空前一句“By all means, try to keep yourself away from stress.”可知，这里作者建议要远离冲突，离开对手；据此可知E项符合文意。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $