Unit 6 Section Ⅳ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册五维课堂教师用书word（外研版）

本讲义围绕《寂静的春天》展开高中英语阅读教学，系统梳理文本理解（原文、译文对照）、语言知识（词汇如tremble、ban，句式如形容词作状语、more...than...结构）及能力应用（主旨、细节阅读题，应用文写作）的脉络，提供注解助读、分层练习等学习支架，助力学生逐步掌握阅读策略与语言技能。 该资料亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，通过词汇精讲（如“aware”的搭配及语境应用）和句式精析（如though引导的让步状语从句）提升语言理解与表达能力，阅读理解题（如结构分析、细节推断）培养分析与批判思维，环保主题渗透文化意识，助力学生形成社会责任感。课中辅助教师系统授课，课后通过基础检测和能力提升练习帮助学生巩固知识，查漏补缺。

Section Ⅳ　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas 　　　　　　　　　　对应学生用书P116 注解助读 原文呈现 参考译文 ①stillness n．静止；沉静 ②speak of谈到；论及 ③desert v．遗弃；舍弃 ④moribund adj.垂死的；停滞不前的 ⑤throb with伴随着……的搏动； 伴随着……的悸动 ⑥robin n．知更鸟 ⑦catbird n．猫鹊，嘲鸫 ⑧jay n．鸟；松鸡 ⑨wren n．鹪鹩 ⑩marsh n．沼泽；湿地 ⑪by profession在职业上；就职业来说 ⑫aim to计划，打算；目标在于…… ⑬alert v．警告；使意识到 ⑭not only...but also 不仅……而且 引导两个并列成分，谓语遵循就近原则。 ⑮ecosystem n．生态系统 ⑯in particular尤其，特别 ⑰pesticide n．杀虫剂 ⑱cause harm to导致伤害 ⑲responsible adj.负责的，有责任的 ⑳urge vt.力劝，催促 urge sb. to do敦促某人做某事 urge that sb. should do sth. 敦促某人做某事 aware of了解，知道 detail n．细节，琐事 vt.详述 gypsy moth舞毒蛾 eradication n．消灭，扑灭 in addition to除……之外(还有，也) dozens of几十；许多 or so大约，左右 Silent Spring 1．There was a strange stillness①. The birds, for example—where had they gone? Many people spoke of② them, 　puzzled_and_disturbed　(1). The feeding stations in the backyards were deserted③. The few birds 　seen_anywhere　(2) were moribund④； they trembled violently and could not fly. It was a spring without voices. On the mornings 　that_had_once_　　throbbed with⑤ the dawn chorus of robins⑥，catbirds⑦，doves, jays⑧，wrens⑨， and scores of other bird voices　(3) there was now no sound; only silence lay over the fields and woods and marsh⑩. (1)形容词作状语，表示主语的特征或属性。 (2)过去分词作定语，修饰birds。 (3)that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词mornings。 2．Rachel Carson was a scientist by profession⑪， but these lines from the opening chapter of her 1962 book Silent Spring，“A Fable for Tomorrow”，show her talent as a writer.By imagining a world without birds，she aimed to⑫ alert⑬ not only the scientific community but also⑭ the general public to the damaging effects of human activity on natural ecosystems⑮—in particular⑯，to the harmful use of pesticides⑰，such as DDT.She believed 　that the chemical industry was knowingly causing harm to　 ⑱ 　plants，animals_and_even_humans　(4)，and wished to see pesticides　 used in a more responsible⑲，limited and carefully monitored way　(5)． (4)that 引导宾语从句，作believed的宾语。 (5)过去分词短语作宾语补足语。 3．Carson urged⑳ people to make themselves 　aware of the facts and do something about the situation　(6)．Silent Spring contains a lot of scientific research and case studies.The book details the gypsy moth eradication programme，　which killed birds，in addition to gypsy moths　(7)．Another case study was the fire­ant programme 　that_killed_cows，but_not_fire_ants　(8)．The book also gives dozens of other examples of eradication programmes 　that_did_nothing_to_reduce_the_problems　(9) 　they_were_originally_designed_to_solve　(10)．The 50 or so pages at the end of the book list Carson's sources，　showing_how_thorough_and_precise_she_was_as_a_scientist　(11)(12)． (6)两个并列成分作宾语补足语。 (7)which 引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为programme。 (8)that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词programme。 (9)that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词examples。 (10)省略引导词的定语从句，先行词为the problems。 (11) 现在分词作定语，修饰sources。 (12)how 引导宾语从句，作showing的宾语。 寂静的春天 1．这里是一派奇怪的寂静。就说鸟儿们吧——它们都去哪儿了？许多人说起鸟儿的时候都充满了迷惑与不安。他们后院的饲养站已经没有鸟儿光顾了。随处能见到的几只鸟都奄奄一息。他们猛烈地颤抖，却飞不起来。这是一个无声的春天。曾经是伴随着画眉鸟、猫鹊、鸽子、松鸡、鹪鹩和许多鸟儿的黎明合唱声的清晨如今却寂然无声。田野间、树林中和沼泽地里也是一片寂静。 2．蕾切尔·卡森的职业是科学家，但她在1962年出版的《寂静的春天》一书的开篇中写道，《明日寓言》，展现了她作为作家的才华。通过想象一个没有鸟类的世界，她的目的不仅是提醒科学界，而且是提醒公众人类活动对自然生态系统的破坏性影响——特别是对滴滴涕等杀虫剂的有害使用。她认为，化学工业有意地对植物、动物甚至人类造成伤害，她希望看到农药以一种更负责任的，有限的，仔细监控的方式被使用。 3．卡森敦促人们了解事实并采取行动。《寂静的春天》包含了大量的科学研究和案例研究。这本书详细介绍了根除舞毒蛾的计划，该计划不仅杀死了舞毒蛾，还杀死了鸟类。另一个案例研究是杀牛但不杀火蚁的火蚁项目。这本书还列举了其他几十个根除计划的例子，这些例子并没有减少它们最初设计用来解决的问题。在书单最后50页左右，卡森的资料显示了她作为一个科学家是多么彻底和精确。 at the end of 在……尽头；在……结束时 alarming adj.令人担忧的；使人惊恐的； far­reaching adj.深远的；广泛的 ban v．禁止，取缔 ban sb. from doing sth.禁止某人做某事 be regarded as被认为是；被当做是 posthumous adj.死后的 rather than而不是 more...than与其说……，倒不如说…… stop...from doing 阻止……做 stand by支持；站在旁边 personally adv.亲自地，就我个人而言 crucial adj.重要的；决定性的 difficult­to­understand 很难懂的，难理解的 accessible adj.易接近的；可进入的 millions of成千上万的……；无数的…… because of因为；由于后跟代词，名词。 elegance n．典雅；高雅 wake up to认识到，意识到 　　4.Carson's message was very alarming，　causing_a_great_increase_in_environmental_awareness　(13)．Its impact was immediate and far­reaching：the use of DDT was banned and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was established in the US. Silent Springwas therefore regarded as a milestone in the launch of the green movement in the Western world.It also earned Carson a posthumous Presidential Medal of Freedom and put her face on the 17­cent US stamp. (13)现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。 5．Silent Spring was not，however，received positively by everyone.　Though_Carson's_research_was_strong_and_was_supported_by_most_scientists　(14) 　who_reviewed_her_work　(15)，the book quickly became a target for critics in the pesticide industry. They said that　 Carson did not understand the science behind her arguments because she was a marine biologist rather than a chemist　(16)．Some also said that 　her work was more emotional than scientific　(17)．These were attempts 　to damage Carson's reputation and stop her work from influencing public policy　(18)，but she remained determined to stand by her research.Carson appeared in public and on television 　to_defend_her_claims　(19)—and today，more than 50 years after it was published，the voice of Silent Spring is still ringing loud and clear. (14)though 引导让步状语从句。 (15)who 引导定语从句，先行词为scientists。 (16)that 引导宾语从句，其中because引导原因状语从句。 (17) that 引导宾语从句。 (18)不定式作后置定语，修饰attempts。 (19)不定式作目的状语。 6．Personally，I enjoy Carson's book.She made a crucial but potentially difficult­to­understand subject　 interesting and accessible to millions of people　(20)．This is not so much because of the quality of her arguments，　strong_though_they_are　(21)，but because of the beauty and elegance of her writing.Her book not only changed the world；half a century later it remains a book 　that_deserves_to_be_reread_today　(22)，　so_that_we_can_once_again_feel_ourselves_warm_to_the_fire_of_its_passionate_message　(23)．For 　unless_we_do_listen_to_Rachel_Carson's_warning　(24), one day we may wake up to the strange and quiet horror of another silent spring. (20)形容词短语作宾语补足语。 (21)though 引导让步状语从句的倒装句，此时可以和as替换。 (22)that 引导定语从句，先行词为a book。 (23)so that 引导结果状语从句。 (24)unless 引导条件状语从句。其中do强调listen to。 　　4.卡森的信息非常令人担忧，引起了环境意识的极大提高。它的影响是直接和深远的：滴滴涕的使用被禁止，环境保护署(EPA)在美国成立。因此，《寂静的春天》被认为是西方世界发起绿色运动的一个里程碑。这也为卡森赢得了一枚追授的总统自由勋章，并将她的头像印在了17美分的美国邮票上。 5．然而，并不是每个人都对《寂静的春天》持积极态度。尽管卡森的研究很有力，而且得到了大多数评论她工作的科学家的支持，但这本书很快成为农药行业批评的目标。他们说卡森不理解她的论点背后的科学，因为她是海洋生物学家而不是化学家。一些人还说，她的工作更多的是情感而不是科学。这些都是损害卡森的声誉，阻止她的工作影响公共政策的企图，但她仍然决心坚持自己的研究。卡森在公众场合和电视上为自己的主张辩护——今天，在《寂静的春天》出版50多年后，《寂静的春天》的声音仍然响亮而清晰。 6．就我个人而言，我很喜欢卡森的书。她让一个至关重要但可能难以理解的主题变得有趣，并为数百万人所理解。这并不是因为她的论点的质量，尽管它们是强有力的，而是因为她的写作的美丽和优雅。她的书不仅改变了世界，在半个世纪后的今天，它仍然是一本值得重读的书，这样我们就可以再次感受到它充满激情的信息之火的温暖。因为除非我们真的听从雷切尔·卡森的警告，否则总有一天我们会意识到，面对另一个寂静的春天所带来的奇怪而平静的恐惧。 对应学生用书P118 Ⅰ.Reading for main idea 　What's the main idea of the passage? A．A book review on Silent Spring. B．The life story of Rachel Carson. C．What took place in a silent spring. D．The book was received positively by all the people. 答案：A Ⅱ.Reading for structure Silent Spring Written by Rachel Carson The aim of the book She alerted that chemical industry was 1.　causing　 harm to plants，animals and even humans. Some unsuccessful solutions ◆Gypsy moth eradication programme killed birds 2. 　in_addition_to　 gypsy moths； ◆Fire­ant programme 3.　_killed　 cows but not fire ants. The book's impact ◆The use of DDT 4. 　was_banned　 and EPA was established in the US； ◆Silent Spring 5. 　was_regarded_as　 a milestone in launch of the green movement in the Western world； ◆It also 6. 　earned_　Carson reputations. The book was not positively received by everyone ◆Some people said that Carson did not understand science； ◆Some said that her work was 7. 　more_emotional　 than scientific； ◆But Carson remained 8. 　determined　 to stand by her research. The book deserves to be reread The book not only changed the world but also improved people's environmental awareness. Ⅲ.Reading for the details 1．What caused silent spring according to the passage? A．The birds didn't wake up so early. B．The people killed the birds randomly. C．The animals all died out because of human activity. D．The birds died because of the harmful use of pesticides. 2．How does Carson show people how to solve the problems they faced? A．By giving examples. B．By doing experiments herself. C．By searching on the Internet. D．By telling some fables. 3．Which is NOT the influence of Carson's work in the following? A．The ban on the use of DDT. B．She earned a Presidential Medal of Freedom alive. C．The establishment of the EPA in the US. D．A great increase in environmental awareness. 4．Some critics found fault with Carson in the following aspects EXCEPT 　________　. A．her research work was strong B．her work was more emotional than scientific C．she was a marine biologist rather than a chemist D．she didn't understand the science behind her arguments 5．The reason why the author enjoys Carson's book is that 　________　. A．the quality of her arguments is strong B．her book has changed the world C．her writing is beautiful and elegant D．she describes a beautiful silent spring 　答案：1－5　DABAC Ⅳ.Post­reading Silent Spring Silent Spring by Rachel Carson was published in 1962. Carson wrote the book 1.　aiming　(aim) to alert people to the damaging effects of human activities 2.　on　 natural ecosystems. And she wished to see pesticides 3.　used　(use) in a more responsible, limited and carefully monitored way. The book contained a lot of scientific information, research, examples and so on,4.　which　 showed how precise she was as a scientist. The arguments were strong and the language was 5.　elegant　(elegance) and influential. However, the book was not received positively by everyone. It quickly became a target for critics in the pesticide industry, who said that Carson's research was not precise. Carson appeared in public and on television 6.　to_defend　(defend) her claims. Carson's message was 7.　alarming　(alarm) and its influence was immediate and far­reaching. The use of DDT 8.　was_banned　(ban) and the EPA was established in the US. The book was considered as 9.　a　 milestone in the launch of the green movement in the Western world. Carson earned a Presidential Medal of Freedom after she passed away. The book changed the world by increasing people's 10.　awareness　(aware) of protecting natural ecosystem. 对应学生用书P119 [重点单词] 1．　ban　 v．禁止，取缔 2．　puzzled　 adj.困惑的，无法理解的 3．　backyard　 n．后院 4．　tremble　 v．颤抖，发抖 5．　chorus　 n．合唱曲 6．　marsh　 n．沼泽；湿地 7．　alert　 v．提醒，使(某人)意识到 8．　dozen　 n．一打；许多 9．　launch　 n．推出，发起 10．　marine　 adj.海洋的 11．　diamond　 n．钻石 12．　reputation　 n．名誉，名望 13．　thorough　 adj.仔细的；缜密的→　thoroughly　 adv.彻底地，完全地 14．　passionate　 adj.具有强烈信念的→　passionately　 adv.具有强烈信念地 15．　precise　 adj.精确的；一丝不苟的→　precisely　 adv.准确地；恰好地 16．　knowingly　 adv.故意地→　know　 v．知道→　knowledge　 n．知识 17．　elegance　 n．优美；简洁→　elegant　 adj.优美的，优雅的 [重点短语] 1．　in_particular　　　　　　　特别地 2．　cause_harm_to　 对……造成伤害 3．　make_sb.aware_of_　 使某人意识到 4. 　in_addition_to　 除……之外(还有，也) 5．　dozens_of　 几十；很多 6．　be_regarded_as　 被认为；被视为 7．　be/become_a_target_for　 成为……的目标 8．　rather_than　 而不是 9．　more...than...　 与其说……不如说…… 10．　stop...from_doing　 阻止……做某事 11．　stand_by　 坚持，信守(原有的 决定、承诺或宣言) 12．　because_of　 因为，由于 13．　so_that　 以便；所以 [句式精析] 1．Though Carson's research was strong and was supported by most scientists who reviewed her work, the book quickly became a target for critics in the pesticide industry. [句式分析]　本句为复合句，句中though引导让步状语从句，从句中who引导定语从句，先行词为scientists。 试译：　尽管卡森的研究很有力，而且得到了大多数评论她工作的科学家的支持，但这本书很快成为农药行业批评的目标。　 2．Her book not only changed the world; half a century later it remains a book that deserves to be reread today，so that we can once again feel ourselves warm to the fire of its passionate message. [句式分析]　本句为并列句，第二个分句中that 引导定语从句，先行词为a book，so that引导结果状语从句。 试译：　她的书不仅改变了世界，在半个世纪后的今天，它仍然是一本值得重读的书，这样我们就可以再次感受到它充满激情的信息之火的温暖。　 对应学生用书P120 [词汇精讲] 1 The few birds seen anywhere were moribund；they trembled violently and could not fly. 随处能见到的几只鸟都奄奄一息。它们猛烈地颤抖，却飞不起来。 *tremble v．/n.颤抖；发抖 ◆[佳句感知] 　The whole house trembled when the train went by. 火车经过时，整座房子都在震颤。 [知识积累] tremble with　　　　　　　因……而发抖 tremble at the thought (of sth./doing sth.) 一想到……就发抖 a tremble of excitement/fear 激动/恐惧得颤抖 ◆[学以致用] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①A person walking on it dare not look sideways, and a gust of wind would make him tremble 　with　 fear. ②The cold water made him 　tremble_all_over　. 冷水让他浑身颤抖。 ③I'm　_trembling_at_the_thought_of　 tomorrow's examination. 一想到明天的考试我就吓得发抖。 2 By imagining a world without birds，she aimed to alert not only the scientific community but also the general public to the damaging effects of human activity on natural ecosystems—in particular，to the harmful use of pesticides，such as DDT. 通过想象一个没有鸟类的世界，她的目标不仅仅是提醒科学界，而且是提醒公众，人类活动对自然生态系统的破坏性影响——特别是对滴滴涕等杀虫剂的有害使用。 *in particular尤其，特别 ◆[佳句感知] 　The police haven't really done anything for the black community in particular. 警方并没有特别为黑人团体做什么。 [知识积累] be particular about/over　　对……讲究； 对……挑剔 be particular to 对……是特有的 particularly＝especially adv. 异乎寻常地，特别地 ◆[学以致用] (1)单句语法填空/完成句子 ①This is a crucial year for your relationships in general and your love life　_in　 particular. ②She is particular 　about/over　 what she wears. ③The cocoanut is particular　_to　 the tropics. ④Her family's support is 　particularly　 (particular) precious to Josie. ⑤People nowadays seem not to　_be_particular_about　 the rules of ordering dishes. 现在的人似乎不讲究点菜的规矩了。 (2)同义句转换 ⑥Developed countries, particularly, should bear the responsibility for environmental problems. →Developed countries, 　in_particular　， should bear the responsibility for environmental problems. 3 Carson urged people to make themselves aware of the facts and do something about the situation. 卡森敦促人们让自己了解事实，并对这种情况采取行动。 *aware adj.意识到的；知道的 ◆[佳句感知] 　(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)One reason is that most people are not even aware of their mispronunciations. 一个原因是大多数人甚至没有意识到他们的发音错误。 [知识积累] awareness n．　　　　　　意识 be/become aware of 对……知道、明白； 意识到…… as far as I'm aware 据我所知 make sb. aware that... 提醒某人注意…… make sb. aware of... 使某人意识到 develop an awareness of... 养成……的意识 a lack of awareness 缺乏认识 ◆[学以致用] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It is important that students develop an 　awareness　(aware) of valuing parents' love. ②They help consumers become aware 　of　 design and technique. ③In many cases，his questions 　made_his_students_aware_of_　their own errors. 在许多情况下，他的问题使他的学生们意识到他们自己的错误。 ④　As_far_as_I'm_aware　， nobody has done anything about it. 据我所知，尚无人对此采取任何措施。 ⑤There still seems to be 　a_lack_of_awareness　 about the threat the virus poses to humans and animals. 人们对病毒给人类和动物造成的威胁似乎缺乏认识。 4 The book also gives dozens of other examples of eradication programmes that did nothing to reduce the problems they were originally designed to solve. 该书还列举了许多其他根除计划的实例，这些实例根本没有采取任何措施来减少它们原本要解决的问题。 *dozen n．/number一打；许多 ◆[佳句感知] 　Dozens of people have been injured and many vehicles set on fire. 已经有几十人受伤，很多车辆被放火焚烧。 [知识积累] by the dozen　按打计算；成打地 dozens of 许多的；大量的 ◆[学以致用] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①On her birthday，she always receives cards 　by　 the dozen. ②　Dozens　(dozen)of miles of railway track have been torn up. ③ If you buy a dozen 　of　 these tins，we can take 5 percent off the price. ④Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise 　dozens_of_chicken._　 去年冬天我再到那里的时候，他们有一个单独的大房子来养几十只鸡。 [名师点津] (1)与具体数字连用时， 不加复数词尾­s；若后接名词， 通常也无需用介词of。 (2)若不与具体数字连用， 而是表示不确定的泛指数时， 则不仅要加复数词尾­s, 而且要后接介词of, 然后才能接名词。 5 The 50 or so pages at the end of the book list Carson's sources，showing how thorough and precise she was as a scientist. 书的最后50页左右列出了卡森的资料来源，显示了她作为一名科学家是多么的缜密和一丝不苟。 *precise adj.精确的；一丝不苟的 ◆[佳句感知] 　The satellite enables us to calculate their precise location anywhere on the earth. 这颗卫星使得我们可以计算他们在地球上的任何准确位置。 [知识积累] to be precise　　　　　准确地说，确切地说 be precise about... ……方面准确 precisely adv. 精确地；恰好；细心地 more precisely 更确切地说 ◆[学以致用] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I can be reasonably precise 　about　 the time of the incident. ②The problem is due to discipline，or，more 　precisely　(precise)，the lack of discipline，in schools. ③There were 200 people killed in the accident, 　to_be_precise　. 确切地说，那次事故中有200人丧生。 [语境助记] 　Not only can a cell's motions be precisely controlled with the device，but it can also provide very precise measurements of a cell's position. 该设备不仅可以精确控制细胞的运动，还可以非常精确地测量细胞的位置。 6 Its impact was immediate and far reaching: the use of DDT was banned and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)was established in the US. 它的巨大影响是立刻显现的和深远的：DDT的使用被禁止，环境保护署(EPA)在美国成立。 *ban vt.禁止，取缔 n．禁令 ◆[佳句感知] 　(2021·高考全国甲卷)Banned from the hotel since 2001.Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont said. 自2001年起被禁止进入酒店。费尔蒙特说，现在欢迎伯奇尔回来。 [知识积累] ban sb.from (doing)sth.　　禁止(某人)做某事 a ban on/against sth. 对……的禁令 place/put...under a ban 禁止…… ◆[学以致用] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①There is a ban 　on/against　 smoking in all indoor public places. ②The new rule has put/placed smoking 　under　 a ban. ③Chemical weapons 　are_banned　(ban)internationally. ④They　_are_banned_from_swimming　 in the river. 他们被禁止在这条河里游泳。 [名师点津]　“禁止某人做某事”的表达： ban sb.from doing sth. prohibit sb.from doing sth. forbid sb.from doing sth. forbid sb.to do sth. 7 These were attempts to damage Carson's reputation and stop her work from influencing public policy. 这些都是损害卡森的声誉，阻止她的作品影响公共政策的企图。 *reputation n．名声；名望 ◆[佳句感知] 　This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing. 这家商店因公平交易而获得好名声。 [知识积累] have a good/bad reputation　　　有好/坏名声 have a reputation for... 因……有名 earn/build/establish a reputation 赢得/确立/ 树立声誉 live up to one's reputation 不负盛名； 名不虚传 damage/ruin sb.'s reputation 有损/毁坏 某人的名 ◆[学以致用] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He has a reputation 　for_　being tough and uncompromising. ②We 　have_a_good_reputation　 and strong economic strength. 我们拥有良好的信誉和雄厚的经济实力。 ③The scientist　_earned_a_high_reputation　 for his learning. 那位科学家在学识方面享有很高的声誉。 ④He　_lived_up_to_his_reputation　 as a public servant. 他没有辜负他作为公仆的声誉。 [句式精析] 1 Many people spoke of them, puzzled and disturbed. 许多人说起他们，既困惑又不安。 　[句式分析]　在该句子中puzzled and disturbed为形容词短语，在句中作状语，描述主语的特征。形容词在句中作状语，具有副词的功能。 ◆[佳句感知] 　The thief hid himself in the corner，afraid of being caught. 小偷躲在角落里，担心被人抓住。 [知识积累] 形容词(短语)作状语的用法 结构：可以是单个形容词，也可以是形容词短语，一般要用逗号将其和句子的其他部分分开。 位置：通常位于句子主语前或句子主语后，有时位于句末。 作用：一般用于说明主语的状态，可表示原因、结果、伴随状况等。 ◆[学以致用] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①　Excited　 (excite )and overjoyed，the children rushed to the front. ②Hungry and 　tired　 (tire), I had to stop to have a rest. ③　Eager_to_see_her_friends　， she took a taxi home rather than ride a bike. 由于渴望见到她的朋友，她没有骑自行车而是打的回家。 ④We arrived home very late, 　safe_and_sound　. 我们很晚才到家，平安无事。 ⑤He is standing there, 　full_of_fear._　 他站在那里，充满了恐惧。 2 Some also said that her work was more emotional than scientific. 一些人还说，她的工作更多的是情感上的，而不是科学上的。 　[句式分析]　句中more...than...意思为“与其说……倒不如说……”；另外，此结构意思还可以是“比……多，比……更”。 ◆[佳句感知] 　The book seems to be more a dictionary than one on grammar. 与其说这是本语法书，倒不如说是一本词典。 [知识积累] no more...than...　　　　与……一样不 not more...than... 不如；不及 more than 超过；不止 more than one＋单数名词，意为“不止一个……”，在语意上虽为复数，但作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 ◆[学以致用] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①When more than one person 　reviews　 (review)data, there will inevitably be disagreements. ②This book is 　not_more_difficult_than　 that one. 这本书不如那本书难。 ③He's 　no_more_able_to_read_Spanish_than　 I am. 他和我都不懂西班牙语。 ④He is 　more_than　 a writer; he is also a professor. 他不仅仅是位作家，还是一名教授。 ⑤It is　_more_a_lyric_than_a_folk_story　. 与其说这是个民间故事，不如说是首抒情诗。 对应学生课时P74 基础检测 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Students played the lesser parts and sang in the 　chorus　(合唱团). 2．Can you give a more 　precise　(精确的) spot where she had left it? 3．Nelson Mandela is a 　passionate　(具有强烈信念的) defender of civil liberties. 4．Everyone is impressed with his writing which combines 　elegance　(优美) and wit. 5．The young man soon acquired a 　reputation　 as a first­class cook. 6．The students looked 　puzzled　 so I repeated the question. 7．Martin would be a good judge, I thought. He was calm and 　thorough　. 8．In the largest room about a 　dozen　(一打) children and seven adults are sitting on the carpet. 9．This Christmas sees the 　launch　 (推出)of a new game. 10．The cut of a 　diamond　(钻石) depends on the skill of its craftsman. Ⅱ.短语填空 stop...from，by profession，dozens of，in particular，cause harm to，be aware of，stand by，be regarded as，in addition to，not only...but also 1．The president told the reporter that he wanted to 　stand_by　 his earlier statements. 2．She's a nurse 　by_profession　 and now runs a counselling service for women. 3．There is nothing to 　stop　 viewers 　from　 recording the films on videotape. 4．People around the world should 　be_aware_of　 the real situation of water shortages. 5．There are 　dozens_of　 modern art styles, so which do you like best? 6．Parents and teachers should 　in_particular　 act as better examples to children. 7．Drinking too much will 　cause_harm_to　 your health, so you'd better stop drinking. 8．Strike action should 　be_regarded_as　 a last resort, when all attempts to negotiate have failed. 9．In fact, everyone has a lamp in himself, light it actively 　not_only　 for others, 　but_also　 for yourself! 10．　In_addition_to　 the school, the village has a clinic, which was also built with government support. Ⅲ.单句语法填空 1．The hurricane blew away 　dozens　(dozen) of houses and brought down thousands of trees. 2．He decided 　to_launch　(launch) a new brand of sportswear, competing with global giants like Nike and Adidas. 3．The famous athlete 　was_banned　(ban) from athletics for two years after failing a drug test. 4．Global warming is having a great 　effect　 (affect) on hundreds of animal and plant species around the world. 5．In real life just as in fiction, we all deserve 　to_live　(live) happily ever after. 6．Her next boyfriend was Jack, who was a psychologist 　by　 profession. 7．We aim 　to_bring　 (bring ) down prices on all our computers. 8．Mr Dyson, are there any classes 　in　 particular that you're interested in? 9．We urge Congress 　to_increase　 (increase) farmland conservation. 10．We hope it can arouse students' 　awareness　 (aware) of water crisis. 能力提升 Ⅰ.阅读理解 The Amazon basin region is home to about 2.5 million insect species，tens of thousands of plants，and some 2,000 birds and mammals.To date，at least 40,000 plant species,3,000 fish,1,294 birds,427 mammals,428 amphibians，and 378 reptiles have been scientifically classified in the region.One in five of all the birds in the world live in the Amazon rainforest. The warm and wet forest has been in existence for at least 55 million years，and thrived even during glacial periods，allowing for the evolution of an unbelievable diversity of species.Radiocarbon dating (放射性碳定年法) has revealed trees of 10 centimeters in diameter to be more than 300 years old，and some trees over 1,000 years old，indicating that untouched forests can experience unbelievable longevity. The first human inhabitants are thought to have settled in the Amazon region about 11,200 years ago.European explorers arrived in the 16th century，bringing diseases which traveled faster than the explorers themselves，killing perhaps as many as 90% of the indigenous inhabitants (土著居民)．By the late 17th century the Amazon basin was controlled by Portuguese and Spanish explorers. The Amazon rainforests has been described as the lungs of our planet because of its important role in recycling carbon dioxide into oxygen.But due to deforestation (滥伐森林)，rainforests now cover less than 5% of the Earth's land surface，and experts believe that this is a big contributor to global climate change.Severe deforestation began in the 20th century，with 587,000 square kilometers lost up to the year 2000.Most deforested land is used for grassland to raise farm animals and agriculture.The addition of transport routes has led to increased settlement and deforestation，and at the present rate，scientists estimate that the Amazon rainforest will be reduced by 40% in two decades. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了亚马孙热带雨林的历史、丰富的物种以及现在所面临的危险。 1．Why are the figures mentioned in Paragraph 1? A．To prove the forest untouched. B．To classify species scientifically. C．To show the diversity of species. D．To attract more attention to the Amazon region. 解析：C　[推理判断题。根据第一段的内容并结合第二段第一句中的“allowing for the evolution of an unbelievable diversity of species”可推知，那些关于动植物种类的数字说明了亚马孙热带雨林的物种多样性，故选C项。] 2．Why did most indigenous inhabitants in the Amazon region die? A．Because European explorers brought diseases there. B．Because Portuguese explorers treated them badly. C．Because a lot of trees were cut down and burned. D．Because they got killed by Spanish explorers. 解析：A　[细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，可能多达90%的亚马孙土著居民因为欧洲探险者所带来的疾病而死亡，故选A项。] 3．What can be inferred about the Amazon rainforest? A．It has the largest number of species. B．It covers over 5% of South America. C．It is becoming larger in area. D．It is being endangered now. 解析：D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段尾句中的“at the present rate...in two decades”并结合最后一段的整体内容可推知，亚马孙热带雨林遭到严重破坏，而且未来20年可能会减少40%，故选D项。] 4．What may be included in the following paragraph? A．Examples of destroying forests. B．Measures to protect rainforests. C．New settlements in the Amazon region. D．Ways to stop global warming. 解析：B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段的关键词“deforestation”可推知，亚马孙热带雨林遭受砍伐严重，那么接下来自然就会论述这一问题的解决措施，故选B项。] Ⅱ.完形填空 Many of the world's pollution problems have been caused by the crowding of large groups of people into the cities. To supply the needs of the people 　__1__　 further pollution by industry. 　__2__　 the rapid increase in human pollution continues 　__3__　 the present rate, there may be much greater harm. Some scientists speak of the increase in the number of people 　__4__　“population pollution”． About 2,000 years ago, the world population was probably about 250 million.It 　__5__　 about one billion in 1850. By 1930 the population was about two billion. It is now over seven billion. And it is 　__6__　 to be over 9 billion by the year 2050. If the population continues to grow at the same rate, there would be twenty­five billion people in the 　__7__　 a hundred years from now! Man has been 　__8__　 the earth's resources more and more 　__9__　 over the years. Some of them are almost gone. Now many people believe that man's greatest problem is how to control the 　__10__　 of his own population. The materials in the world will not support the human 　__11__　 in time to come, if the 　__12__　 rate of increase continues. Already there is overcrowding in the cities and 　__13__　 in some countries. Can man's increase rate 　__14__　？ Many people believe that human survival in the future 　__15__　 on the answer to this question. 1．A.runs across　　　　　　 B．leads to C．results from D．brings out 2．A.Whether B．If C．Unless D．And 3．A.at B．on C．in D．by 4．A.like B．to C．as D．for 5．A.reached B．got C．arrived D．went 6．A.said B．expected C．planned D．arranged 7．A.star B．country C．world D．end 8．A.using B．destroying C．discovering D．digging 9．A.seriously B．dangerously C．rapidly D．steadily 10．A.existence B．start C．growth D．birth 11．A.population B．interests C．survival D．needs 12．A.present B．yesterday C．today D．past 13．A.coldness B．hunger C．thirsty D．drought 14．A.raise B．continue C．end D．up 15．A.depends B．agrees C．saves D．passes [语篇解读]　世界上的许多污染问题是由大量人口涌入城市造成的。人口的迅速增长和对地球资源的不合理利用也使得自然资源濒临枯竭，人类未来的生存状况取决于人们是否能够控制人口增长速度。 1．B　[根据上文中的“Many of the world's pollution problems have been caused by...”可知，人口大量涌入城市导致了污染问题。所以供应人们的需求导致了进一步的污染。lead to意为“导致”，符合语境。run across意为“不期而遇；撞见”；result from意为“产生于……；由……引起”；bring out意为“使显现；生产；引起”。] 2．B　[结合第二段最后一句“If the population continues to grow at...”可知，如果人口继续增加，污染也会随之变得更严重。根据语境选B项。] 3．A　[at...rate为固定搭配，意为“以……速度”。rate意为“速度”时应与介词at连用。] 4．C　[句意为：有些科学家把人口增长称作“人口污染”。speak of...as意为“把……称作”。] 5．A　[从上句的数字可以看出，世界人口一直在增长，所以本句表示人口数到1850年应是“达到”十亿左右。reach意为“达到”，是及物动词，可以直接加宾语。get作“达到”讲时是不及物动词，不能直接跟宾语。故选A项。] 6．B　[根据下文中的by the year 2050可知，此处讲述未来的人口状况。expect意为“预期；预料”，it is expected...意为“预计……”。故选B项。] 7．C　[根据上文内容可知，文章讲述的是世界人口问题，故选C项。] 8．A　[从下文内容“Some of them are almost gone.”可以推断，此处指人们对资源的使用，故选A项。] 9．C　[根据前后句内容可知，资源的枯竭是由于人们对资源的加速开采使用造成的，故选C项。] 10．C　[上文提到人口的急剧增长带来了很多问题，由此判断如果想要解决资源问题，就要控制人口的增长，故选C项。] 11．D　[结合第一段第二句“To supply the needs of the people...”可知，要满足人类的“需求”，此处与前文相呼应。need此处为名词，意为“需求”。故选D项。] 12．A　[present意为“目前的；现在的”，符合语境。] 13．B　[根据上文内容可知，世界资源匮乏，所以不能供给更多人去利用，人类就会遭遇饥饿问题。故选B项。] 14．B　[根据下文“Many people believe that human survival in the future 　________　 on the answer to this question.”可知，此处讨论的是人口的增长是否会以现在的速度“持续”下去。故选B项。] 15．A　[depend on意为“依赖”。根据前文可知，人口持续增长会导致环境污染问题，而环境污染会直接影响人类的未来，也就是说，人类未来的生存状况取决于人口增长速度的解决情况，故选A项。] Ⅲ.应用文写作 假定你是李华，你从报纸上了解到你市图书馆将举办关于中国宋代著名文学家——苏轼的讲座。你的美国朋友Henry正在你市一所大学学习中国古代诗词，你觉得这场讲座对他会有所帮助，请用英文给他写一封邮件，邀请他一起参加。内容包括： 1．讲座的时间、地点； 2．讲座的主要内容。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．邮件格式已给出，但不计入总词数。 Dear Henry， ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua [参考范文] 　Dear_Henry,_　 I'm writing to invite you to go to a lecture about Su Shi，a Chinese literary master from the Song Dynasty. The lecture，which is expected to be held on the second floor of the City Library，will last two hours from 9 am to 11 am this Sunday Morning.It's said that the personal life of Su Shi will be talked about during the lecture，as well as an appreciation of some of his famous works. I think this lecture will contribute a lot to your understanding of Chinese classic poetry and your study in the university. Looking forward to your reply. 　Yours，　 　Li_Hua_　 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $