Unit 3 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas(Ⅰ)-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册五维课堂课时作业word

对应学生课时P26 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A It was December 25, 1914, only 5 months into World War Ⅰ.German, British, and French soldiers, already sick and tired of the senseless killing, disobeyed their superiors and started socialising with“the enemy”along two­thirds of the Western Front. German troops held up Christmas trees with signs“Merry Christmas”．Thousands of troops ran across the battlefields covered with dead bodies.They sang Christmas songs，exchanged photographs of loved ones back home, shared food and even played football.Soldiers hugged men they had been trying to kill a few short hours before.They agreed to warn each other if their officers forced them to fire their weapons，and to aim high. Fear ran through the military leaders on both sides.They felt that their power was being challenged：soldiers declaring their brotherhood with each other and refusing to fight.Generals declared this unexpected peacemaking illegal and said that participating soldiers would face a military court.Those found guilty would be imprisoned or even shot.By March 1915 the socialising movement had been destroyed and the killing machine was back in full operation.Over the next three years more than fifteen million people died in the war. Not many people have heard the story of the Christmas Truce(休战)．On Christmas Day, 1988, a local radio host in Boston played“Christmas in the Trenches”， a song about the Christmas Truce, several times and was 　stunned　 by his listeners' response.Thousands of people called in, praising the song, with many moved to tears by the amazing events it describes. You can probably guess why the callers were in tears.The Christmas Truce story goes against most of what we have been taught about people.It lets us see the world as it can be and says，“This really happened once.” It shows us the potential we have as humans, and contradicts all of those TV and newspaper stories that tell us how mean and heartless people are.It is like hearing that our deepest wishes really are true：the world really can be different. [语篇解读 ]　本文主要讲述了一战期间，随着战争的残酷性加深，士兵的反战情绪日益高涨，一些士兵拒绝执行作战命令，战场上竟然出现了“圣诞休战”。 1．The soldiers began socialising with the enemy because 　________　. A．they couldn't bear the meaningless killing B．it was the best way to avoid being killed C．they feared that they would be caught D．their enemies were from similar backgrounds 解析：A　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“German, British, and French soldiers, already sick and tired of the senseless killing, disobeyed their superiors and started socialising with ‘the enemy’ along two­thirds of the Western Front.”可知，士兵因为厌烦毫无意义的杀戮，开始拒绝执行作战命令，并且开始和“敌人”交往。故选A。] 2．How did the generals finally put an end to the soldiers' socialising? A．They sent the soldiers' loved ones to prison. B．They moved the two groups of soldiers further apart. C．They increased the number of officers to control the soldiers. D．They warned the soldiers that they would face severe punishment. 解析：D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Generals declared this unexpected peacemaking illegal and said that participating soldiers would face a military court. Those found guilty would be imprisoned or even shot.”可知，将军对士兵进行了严厉的警告，违令者会被监禁甚至枪杀。故选D。] 3．The underlined word“stunned”in Paragraph 4 most probably means“　________　”． A．satisfied　　　　 B．shocked C．amused D．confused 解析：B　[词义猜测题。根据“Thousands of people called in，praising the song，with many moved to tears by the amazing events it describes.”可知，电台主持人播放了几次这首歌后，被听众的反应“震惊”了。故选B。] 4．The author uses the story of the soldiers to imply that human beings 　________　. A．are not trustworthy under stress B．are naturally aggressive and warlike C．are basically caring and kind­hearted D．will always do what is in their own self­interest 解析：C　[写作意图题。本文主要讲述了一战期间，随着战争的残酷性加深，士兵的反战情绪日益高涨，一些士兵拒绝执行作战命令。本文旨在告诉我们：人们仁慈善良，从内心渴望世界和平。故选C。] B In 1905，as part of his Special Theory of Relativity，Albert Einstein published the point that a large amount of energy could be released from a small amount of matter.This was expressed by equation E＝mc2(energy＝mass times the speed of light squared)．But bombs were not what Einstein had in mind when he published this equation. In 1929，he publicly declared that if a war broke out he would“refuse to do war service，direct or indirect...”His position would change in 1933，as a result of Adolf Hitler's coming into power in Germany. Einstein's greatest role in the invention of the atomic bomb was signing a letter to President Franklin Roosevelt urging that the bomb be built because some physicists feared that Germany might be working on an atomic bomb.Among those concerned were physicists Leo Szilard and Eugene Wigner.But Szilard and Wigner had no influence with those in power.So in July 1939 they explained the problem to someone who did：Albert Einstein.After talking with Einstein，in August 1939，Szilard wrote a letter to President Roosevelt with Einstein's signature on it，which was delivered to Roosevelt in October 1939. Germany has invaded Poland the previous month；the time was ripe for action.That October research of a bomb began but proceeded slowly because the invention of the atomic bomb seemed distant and unlikely.In April 1940 an Einstein letter，ghost­written by Szilard，pressed the researchers on the need for“greater speed”． As the realization of nuclear weapons grew near，Einstein looked beyond the current war to future problems that such weapons could bring.He wrote to his friend about his fear about the future use of the a bomb. The atomic bombings of Japan occurred three months after Germany gave in. In November 1954，five months before his death，Einstein summarized his feelings about his role in the creation of the atomic bomb：“I made one great mistake in my life...when I signed the letter to President Roosevelt recommending that atom bombs be made；but there was some justification—the danger that the Germans would make them.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。爱因斯坦曾表示自己不会为战争服务，但是后来却间接推动了原子弹的研发。 5．What can we learn about Szilard and Wigner? A．They were not as influential as Einstein. B．They were responsible for the invention of nuclear weapons. C．They had cheated their friend Albert Einstein. D．They had an intention to destroy the world. 解析：A　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But Szilard and Wigner had no influence with those in power.So in July 1939 they explained the problem to someone who did: Albert Einstein.”可推知，Szilard和Wigner不如爱因斯坦那么有影响力。故选A。] 6．Einstein realized his mistake of 　________　. A．co­operating with his workmates B．inventing the atomic bomb C．publishing his equation D．signing the letter to President Roosevelt 解析：D　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I made one great mistake in my life...when I signed the letter to President Roosevelt recommending that atom bombs be made...”可知，爱因斯坦意识到自己为那封给罗斯福总统的信签名是一个错误。故选D。] 7．Why did Einstein suggest making atom bombs? A．Because President Roosevelt asked to do so. B．Because it was likely that Hitler would make them. C．Because he was not in favor of President Roosevelt. D．Because it was not necessary to do so. 解析：B　[细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Einstein's greatest role in the invention of the atomic bomb was signing a letter to President Franklin Roosevelt urging that the bomb be built because some physicists feared that Germany might be working on an atomic bomb.”以及最后一段可知，爱因斯坦之所以建议造原子弹是因为他担心德国的希特勒可能会造原子弹。故选B。] 8．The best title for the passage would be“　________　”． A．A Story of Albert Einstein B．Albert Einstein and the Atomic Bomb C．It Was Unfair for Einstein D．How the Atomic Bomb Was Invented 解析：B　[标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲述的是爱因斯坦对原子弹的研发的影响，所以B项“爱因斯坦和原子弹”适合用作本文的标题。故选B。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五 It is necessary to be reasonable and flexible enough to avoid conflicts as much as possible and live in peace with others.　__1__　 If you have done all your best to avoid conflicts and you are still arguing, then read these effective tips on how to avoid conflicts. Don't get in the center of the conflict. Sometimes people can get in the center of conflicts due to their enthusiasm for offering help. Frankly speaking, it is very unwise, because it can make you the main figure of the conflict.　__2__　 You should focus on your own life issues. Be kind. 3__　 Life is full of conflicts and disagreements, and that's why you should find more conservative ways of dealing with them. For example, kindness can lessen the conflict. Try to be a peacekeeper. Peacekeepers tend to cooperate with people without bad emotions which usually lead to arguments and even conflicts.“　__4__　”This saying is the life motto of a natural­born peacekeeper.Don't worry if you are not a natural­born peacekeeper; you can gain this skill during life. Walk off. When the conflict is gathering pace and you can't manage to control yourself, you should choose to handle the situation in another way. By all means, try to keep yourself away from stress. 　__5__　 You should get away from the situation for a while. A．The greatest victory is a battle not fought. B．Conflicts are unavoidable, so try to accept them. C．Weak people usually desire others to offer help and support. D．Let other people solve their problems without your presence. E．It is helpful to put some distance between yourself and the opponent. F．When someone pushes you to the limit, try to act kindly towards this person. G．Arguing can either break your friendship or affect your relationship to some degree. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几种有效避免冲突的建议。 1．G　[根据空前一句“It is necessary to be reasonable and flexible enough to avoid conflicts as much as possible and live in peace with others.”可知，尽量避免冲突是十分有必要的；据此可以判断，空处承上启下，介绍冲突的严重危害，引出文章主题，故G项正确。] 2．D　[根据空后一句“You should focus on your own life issues.”可知，作者建议把注意力集中在自己的事情上；据此可以判断，空处建议“让其他人自己解决他们自己的问题”，故D项符合文意。] 3．F　[根据该段标题“Be kind.”可知，该段主要阐述“和善待人”的建议，这与F项中的“try to act kindly towards this person”照应，故F项符合文意。] 4．A　[根据空后一句“This saying is the life motto of a natural­born peacekeeper.”可以判断，空处是调解人的一句格言。A项意为“最伟大的胜利是一场没有战斗的斗争”，符合文意，故A项正确。] 5．E　[根据空前一句“By all means, try to keep yourself away from stress.”可知，这里作者建议要远离冲突，离开对手；据此可知E项符合文意。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $