内容正文:
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
课文助读翻译
课后素养提升
课文篇章理解
新知点点突破
要点层层精析
英语(WY)·选择性必修第三册
Section Ⅳ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
注解助读
①stillness n.静止;沉静
②speak of谈到;论及
③desert v.遗弃;舍弃
④moribund adj.垂死的;停滞不前的
⑤throb with伴随着……的搏动; 伴随着……的悸动
⑥robin n.知更鸟
⑦catbird n.猫鹊,嘲鸫
⑧jay n.鸟;松鸡
⑨wren n.鹪鹩
⑩marsh n.沼泽;湿地
⑪by profession在职业上;就职业来说
⑫aim to计划,打算;目标在于……
⑬alert v.警告;使意识到
⑭not only...but also 不仅……而且
引导两个并列成分,谓语遵循就近原则。
⑮ecosystem n.生态系统
⑯in particular尤其,特别
⑰pesticide n.杀虫剂
⑱cause harm to导致伤害
⑲responsible adj.负责的,有责任的
⑳urge vt.力劝,催促
urge sb. to do敦促某人做某事
urge that sb. should do sth.
敦促某人做某事
eq \o(○,\s\up3(21))aware of了解,知道
eq \o(○,\s\up3(22))detail n.细节,琐事 vt.详述
eq \o(○,\s\up3(23))gypsy moth舞毒蛾
eq \o(○,\s\up3(24))eradication n.消灭,扑灭
eq \o(○,\s\up3(25))in addition to除……之外(还有,也)
eq \o(○,\s\up3(26))dozens of几十;许多
eq \o(○,\s\up3(27))or so大约,左右
eq \o(○,\s\up3(28))at the end of 在……尽头;在……结束时
eq \o(○,\s\up3(29))alarming adj.令人担忧的;使人惊恐的;
eq \o(○,\s\up3(30))farreaching adj.深远的;广泛的
eq \o(○,\s\up3(31))ban v.禁止,取缔
ban sb. from doing sth.禁止某人做某事
eq \o(○,\s\up3(32))be regarded as被认为是;被当做是
eq \o(○,\s\up3(33))posthumous adj.死后的
eq \o(○,\s\up3(34))rather than而不是
eq \o(○,\s\up3(35))more...than与其说……,倒不如说……
eq \o(○,\s\up3(36))stop...from doing 阻止……做
eq \o(○,\s\up3(37))stand by支持;站在旁边
eq \o(○,\s\up3(38))personally adv.亲自地,就我个人而言
eq \o(○,\s\up3(39))crucial adj.重要的;决定性的
eq \o(○,\s\up3(40))difficulttounderstand
很难懂的,难理解的
eq \o(○,\s\up3(41))accessible adj.易接近的;可进入的
eq \o(○,\s\up3(42))millions of成千上万的……;无数的……
eq \o(○,\s\up3(43))because of因为;由于后跟代词,名词。
eq \o(○,\s\up3(44))elegance n.典雅;高雅
eq \o(○,\s\up3(45))wake up to认识到,意识到
原文呈现
Silent Spring
1.There was a strange stillness①. The birds, for example—where had they gone? Many people spoke of② them, puzzled and disturbed (1). The feeding stations in the backyards were deserted③. The few birds seen anywhere (2) were moribund④; they trembled violently and could not fly. It was a spring without voices. On the mornings that had once throbbed with⑤ the dawn chorus of robins⑥,catbirds⑦,doves, jays⑧,wrens⑨, and scores of other bird voices (3) there was now no sound; only silence lay over the fields and woods and marsh⑩.
(1)形容词作状语,表示主语的特征或属性。
(2)过去分词作定语,修饰birds。
(3)that 引导定语从句,修饰先行词mornings。
2.Rachel Carson was a scientist by profession⑪, but these lines from the opening chapter of her 1962 book Silent Spring,“A Fable for Tomorrow”,show her talent as a writer.By imagining a world without birds,she aimed to⑫ alert⑬ not only the scientific community but also⑭ the general public to the damaging effects of human activity on natural ecosystems⑮—in particular⑯,to the harmful use of pesticides⑰,such as DDT.She believed that the chemical industry was knowingly causing harm to ⑱ plants,animals and even humans (4),and wished to see pesticides used in a more responsible⑲,limited and carefully monitored way (5).
(4)that 引导宾语从句,作believed的宾语。
(5)过去分词短语作宾语补足语。
3.Carson urged⑳ people to make themselves aware ofeq \o(○,\s\up3(21)) the facts and do something about the situation (6).Silent Spring contains a lot of scientific research and case studies.The book detailseq \o(○,\s\up3(22)) the gypsy motheq \o(○,\s\up3(23)) eradicationeq \o(○,\s\up3(24)) programme, which killed birds,in addition toeq \o(○,\s\up3(25)) gypsy moths (7).Another case study was the fireant programme that killed cows,but not fire ants (8).
The book also gives dozens ofeq \o(○,\s\up3(26)) other examples of eradication programmes that did nothing to reduce the problems (9) they were originally designed to solve (10).The 50 or soeq \o(○,\s\up3(27)) pages at the end ofeq \o(○,\s\up3(28)) the book list Carson's sources, showing how thorough and precise she was as a scientist (11)(12).
(6)两个并列成分作宾语补足语。
(7)which 引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为programme。
(8)that 引导定语从句,修饰先行词programme。
(9)that 引导定语从句,修饰先行词examples。
(10)省略引导词的定语从句,先行词为the problems。
(11) 现在分词作定语,修饰sources。
(12)how 引导宾语从句,作showing的宾语。
4.Carson's message was very alarmingeq \o(○,\s\up3(29)), causing a great increase in environmental awareness (13).Its impact was immediate and farreachingeq \o(○,\s\up3(30)):the use of DDT was bannedeq \o(○,\s\up3(31)) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was established in the US. Silent Springwas therefore regarded aseq \o(○,\s\up3(32)) a milestone in the launch of the green movement in the Western world.It also earned Carson a posthumouseq \o(○,\s\up3(33)) Presidential Medal of Freedom and put her face on the 17cent US stamp.
(13)现在分词作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果。
5.Silent Spring was not,however,received positively by everyone. Though Carson's research was strong and was supported by most scientists (14) who reviewed her work (15),the book quickly became a target for critics in the pesticide industry. They said that Carson did not understand the science behind her arguments because she was a marine biologist rather thaneq \o(○,\s\up3(34)) a chemist (16).Some also said that her work was more emotional thaneq \o(○,\s\up3(35)) scientific (17).
These were attempts to damage Carson's reputation and stop her work fromeq \o(○,\s\up3(36)) influencing public policy (18),but she remained determined to stand byeq \o(○,\s\up3(37)) her research.Carson appeared in public and on television to defend her claims (19)—and today,more than 50 years after it was published,the voice of Silent Spring is still ringing loud and clear.
(14)though 引导让步状语从句。
(15)who 引导定语从句,先行词为scientists。
(16)that 引导宾语从句,其中because引导原因状语从句。
(17) that 引导宾语从句。
(18)不定式作后置定语,修饰attempts。
(19)不定式作目的状语。
6.Personallyeq \o(○,\s\up3(38)),I enjoy Carson's book.She made a crucialeq \o(○,\s\up3(39)) but potentially difficulttounderstandeq \o(○,\s\up3(40)) subject interesting and accessibleeq \o(○,\s\up3(41)) to millions ofeq \o(○,\s\up3(42)) people (20).This is not so much because ofeq \o(○,\s\up3(43)) the quality of her arguments, strong though they are (21),but because of the beauty and eleganceeq \o(○,\s\up3(44)) of her writing.Her book not only changed the world;half a century later it remains a book that deserves to be reread today (22),
so that we can once again feel ourselves warm to the fire of its passionate message (23).For unless we do listen to Rachel Carson's warning (24), one day we may wake up toeq \o(○,\s\up3(45)) the strange and quiet horror of another silent spring.
(20)形容词短语作宾语补足语。
(21)though 引导让步状语从句的倒装句,此时可以和as替换。
(22)that 引导定语从句,先行词为a book。
(23)so that 引导结果状语从句。
(24)unless 引导条件状语从句。其中do强调listen to。
参考译文
寂静的春天
1.这里是一派奇怪的寂静。就说鸟儿们吧——它们都去哪儿了?许多人说起鸟儿的时候都充满了迷惑与不安。他们后院的饲养站已经没有鸟儿光顾了。随处能见到的几只鸟都奄奄一息。他们猛烈地颤抖,却飞不起来。这是一个无声的春天。曾经是伴随着画眉鸟、猫鹊、鸽子、松鸡、鹪鹩和许多鸟儿的黎明合唱声的清晨如今却寂然无声。田野间、树林中和沼泽地里也是一片寂静。
2.蕾切尔·卡森的职业是科学家,但她在1962年出版的《寂静的春天》一书的开篇中写道,《明日寓言》,展现了她作为作家的才华。通过想象一个没有鸟类的世界,她的目的不仅是提醒科学界,而且是提醒公众人类活动对自然生态系统的破坏性影响——特别是对滴滴涕等杀虫剂的有害使用。她认为,化学工业有意地对植物、动物甚至人类造成伤害,她希望看到农药以一种更负责任的,有限的,仔细监控的方式被使用。
3.卡森敦促人们了解事实并采取行动。《寂静的春天》包含了大量的科学研究和案例研究。这本书详细介绍了根除舞毒蛾的计划,该计划不仅杀死了舞毒蛾,还杀死了鸟类。另一个案例研究是杀牛但不杀火蚁的火蚁项目。这本书还列举了其他几十个根除计划的例子,这些例子并没有减少它们最初设计用来解决的问题。在书单最后50页左右,卡森的资料显示了她作为一个科学家是多么彻底和精确。
4.卡森的信息非常令人担忧,引起了环境意识的极大提高。它的影响是直接和深远的:滴滴涕的使用被禁止,环境保护署(EPA)在美国成立。因此,《寂静的春天》被认为是西方世界发起绿色运动的一个里程碑。这也为卡森赢得了一枚追授的总统自由勋章,并将她的头像印在了17美分的美国邮票上。
5.然而,并不是每个人都对《寂静的春天》持积极态度。尽管卡森的研究很有力,而且得到了大多数评论她工作的科学家的支持,但这本书很快成为农药行业批评的目标。他们说卡森不理解她的论点背后的科学,因为她是海洋生物学家而不是化学家。一些人还说,她的工作更多的是情感而不是科学。这些都是损害卡森的声誉,阻止她的工作影响公共政策的企图,但她仍然决心坚持自己的研究。卡森在公众场合和电视上为自己的主张辩护——今天,在《寂静的春天》出版50多年后,《寂静的春天》的声音仍然响亮而清晰。
6.就我个人而言,我很喜欢卡森的书。她让一个至关重要但可能难以理解的主题变得有趣,并为数百万人所理解。这并不是因为她的论点的质量,尽管它们是强有力的,而是因为她的写作的美丽和优雅。她的书不仅改变了世界,在半个世纪后的今天,它仍然是一本值得重读的书,这样我们就可以再次感受到它充满激情的信息之火的温暖。因为除非我们真的听从雷切尔·卡森的警告,否则总有一天我们会意识到,面对另一个寂静的春天所带来的奇怪而平静的恐惧。
Ⅰ.Reading for main idea
What's the main idea of the passage?
A.A book review on Silent Spring.
B.The life story of Rachel Carson.
C.What took place in a silent spring.
D.The book was received positively by all the people.
答案:A
Ⅱ.Reading for structure
Silent Spring
Written by Rachel Carson
The aim of the book
She alerted that chemical industry was 1. causing harm to plants,animals and even humans.
Some unsuccessful solutions
◆Gypsy moth eradication programme killed birds 2. in addition to gypsy moths;
◆Fireant programme 3. killed cows but not fire ants.
The book's impact
◆The use of DDT 4. was banned and EPA was established in the US;
◆Silent Spring 5. was regarded as a milestone in launch of the green movement in the Western world;
◆It also 6. earned Carson reputations.
The book was not positively received by everyone
◆Some people said that Carson did not understand science;
◆Some said that her work was 7. more emotional than scientific;
◆But Carson remained 8. determined to stand by her research.
The book deserves to be reread
The book not only changed the world but also improved people's environmental awareness.
Ⅲ.Reading for the details
1.What caused silent spring according to the passage?
A.The birds didn't wake up so early.
B.The people killed the birds randomly.
C.The animals all died out because of human activity.
D.The birds died because of the harmful use of pesticides.
2.How does Carson show people how to solve the problems they faced?
A.By giving examples.
B.By doing experiments herself.
C.By searching on the Internet.
D.By telling some fables.
3.Which is NOT the influence of Carson's work in the following?
A.The ban on the use of DDT.
B.She earned a Presidential Medal of Freedom alive.
C.The establishment of the EPA in the US.
D.A great increase in environmental awareness.
4.Some critics found fault with Carson in the following aspects EXCEPT ________ .
A.her research work was strong
B.her work was more emotional than scientific
C.she was a marine biologist rather than a chemist
D.she didn't understand the science behind her arguments
5.The reason why the author enjoys Carson's book is that ________ .
A.the quality of her arguments is strong
B.her book has changed the world
C.her writing is beautiful and elegant
D.she describes a beautiful silent spring
答案:1-5 DABAC
Ⅳ.Postreading
Silent Spring
Silent Spring by Rachel Carson was published in 1962. Carson wrote the book 1. aiming (aim) to alert people to the damaging effects of human activities 2. on natural ecosystems. And she wished to see pesticides 3. used (use) in a more responsible, limited and carefully monitored way. The book contained a lot of scientific information, research, examples and so on,4. which showed how precise she was as a scientist. The arguments were strong and the language was
5. elegant (elegance) and influential. However, the book was not received positively by everyone. It quickly became a target for critics in the pesticide industry, who said that Carson's research was not precise. Carson appeared in public and on television 6. to defend (defend) her claims.
Carson's message was 7. alarming (alarm) and its influence was immediate and farreaching. The use of DDT 8. was banned (ban) and the EPA was established in the US. The book was considered as 9. a milestone in the launch of the green movement in the Western world. Carson earned a Presidential Medal of Freedom after she passed away.
The book changed the world by increasing people's 10. awareness (aware) of protecting natural ecosystem.
[重点单词]
1. ban v.禁止,取缔
2. puzzled adj.困惑的,无法理解的
3. backyard n.后院
4. tremble v.颤抖,发抖
5. chorus n.合唱曲
6. marsh n.沼泽;湿地
7. alert v.提醒,使(某人)意识到
8. dozen n.一打;许多
9. launch n.推出,发起
10. marine adj.海洋的
11. diamond n.钻石
12. reputation n.名誉,名望
13. thorough adj.仔细的;缜密的→ thoroughly adv.彻底地,完全地
14. passionate adj.具有强烈信念的→ passionately adv.具有强烈信念地
15. precise adj.精确的;一丝不苟的→ precisely adv.准确地;恰好地
16. knowingly adv.故意地→ know v.知道→ knowledge n.知识
17. elegance n.优美;简洁→ elegant adj.优美的,优雅的
[重点短语]
1. in particular 特别地
2. cause harm to 对……造成伤害
3. make sb.aware of 使某人意识到
4. in addition to 除……之外(还有,也)
5. dozens of 几十;很多
6. be regarded as 被认为;被视为
7. be/become a target for 成为……的目标
8. rather than 而不是
9. more...than... 与其说……不如说……
10. stop...from doing 阻止……做某事
11. stand by 坚持,信守(原有的 决定、承诺或宣言)
12. because of 因为,由于
13. so that 以便;所以
[句式精析]
1.Though Carson's research was strong and was supported by most scientists who reviewed her work, the book quickly became a target for critics in the pesticide industry.
[句式分析] 本句为复合句,句中though引导让步状语从句,从句中who引导定语从句,先行词为scientists。
试译: 尽管卡森的研究很有力,而且得到了大多数评论她工作的科学家的支持,但这本书很快成为农药行业批评的目标。
2.Her book not only changed the world; half a century later it remains a book that deserves to be reread today,so that we can once again feel ourselves warm to the fire of its passionate message.
[句式分析] 本句为并列句,第二个分句中that 引导定语从句,先行词为a book,so that引导结果状语从句。
试译: 她的书不仅改变了世界,在半个世纪后的今天,它仍然是一本值得重读的书,这样我们就可以再次感受到它充满激情的信息之火的温暖。
[词汇精讲]
1
The few birds seen anywhere were moribund;they trembled violently and could not fly.
随处能见到的几只鸟都奄奄一息。它们猛烈地颤抖,却飞不起来。
*tremble v./n.颤抖;发抖
◆[佳句感知]
The whole house trembled when the train went by.
火车经过时,整座房子都在震颤。
[知识积累]
tremble with 因……而发抖
tremble at the thought (of sth./doing sth.) 一想到……就发抖
a tremble of excitement/fear 激动/恐惧得颤抖
◆[学以致用]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①A person walking on it dare not look sideways, and a gust of wind would make him tremble with fear.
②The cold water made him tremble all over .
冷水让他浑身颤抖。
③I'm trembling at the thought of tomorrow's examination.
一想到明天的考试我就吓得发抖。
2
By imagining a world without birds,she aimed to alert not only the scientific community but also the general public to the damaging effects of human activity on natural ecosystems—in particular,to the harmful use of pesticides,such as DDT.
通过想象一个没有鸟类的世界,她的目标不仅仅是提醒科学界,而且是提醒公众,人类活动对自然生态系统的破坏性影响——特别是对滴滴涕等杀虫剂的有害使用。
*in particular尤其,特别
◆[佳句感知]
The police haven't really done anything for the black community in particular.
警方并没有特别为黑人团体做什么。
[知识积累]
be particular about/over 对……讲究; 对……挑剔
be particular to 对……是特有的
particularly=especially adv. 异乎寻常地,特别地
◆[学以致用]
(1)单句语法填空/完成句子
①This is a crucial year for your relationships in general and your love life in particular.
②She is particular about/over what she wears.
③The cocoanut is particular to the tropics.
(2)同义句转换
⑥Developed countries, particularly, should bear the responsibility for environmental problems.
→Developed countries, in particular , should bear the responsibility for environmental problems.
3
Carson urged people to make themselves aware of the facts and do something about the situation.
卡森敦促人们让自己了解事实,并对这种情况采取行动。
*aware adj.意识到的;知道的
◆[佳句感知]
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)One reason is that most people are not even aware of their mispronunciations.
一个原因是大多数人甚至没有意识到他们的发音错误。
[知识积累]
awareness n. 意识
be/become aware of 对……知道、明白; 意识到……
as far as I'm aware 据我所知
make sb. aware that... 提醒某人注意……
make sb. aware of... 使某人意识到
develop an awareness of... 养成……的意识
a lack of awareness 缺乏认识
◆[学以致用]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①It is important that students develop an awareness (aware) of valuing parents' love.
②They help consumers become aware of design and technique.
③In many cases,his questions made his students aware of their own errors.
在许多情况下,他的问题使他的学生们意识到他们自己的错误。
④ As far as I'm aware , nobody has done anything about it.
据我所知,尚无人对此采取任何措施。
⑤There still seems to be a lack of awareness about the threat the virus poses to humans and animals.
人们对病毒给人类和动物造成的威胁似乎缺乏认识。
4
The book also gives dozens of other examples of eradication programmes that did nothing to reduce the problems they were originally designed to solve.
该书还列举了许多其他根除计划的实例,这些实例根本没有采取任何措施来减少它们原本要解决的问题。
*dozen n./number一打;许多
◆[佳句感知]
Dozens of people have been injured and many vehicles set on fire.
已经有几十人受伤,很多车辆被放火焚烧。
[知识积累]
by the dozen 按打计算;成打地
dozens of 许多的;大量的
◆[学以致用]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①On her birthday,she always receives cards by the dozen.
② Dozens (dozen)of miles of railway track have been torn up.
③ If you buy a dozen of these tins,we can take 5 percent off the price.
④Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken.
去年冬天我再到那里的时候,他们有一个单独的大房子来养几十只鸡。
[名师点津]
(1)与具体数字连用时, 不加复数词尾s;若后接名词, 通常也无需用介词of。
(2)若不与具体数字连用, 而是表示不确定的泛指数时, 则不仅要加复数词尾s, 而且要后接介词of, 然后才能接名词。
5
The 50 or so pages at the end of the book list Carson's sources,showing how thorough and precise she was as a scientist.
书的最后50页左右列出了卡森的资料来源,显示了她作为一名科学家是多么的缜密和一丝不苟。
*precise adj.精确的;一丝不苟的
◆[佳句感知]
The satellite enables us to calculate their precise location anywhere on the earth.
这颗卫星使得我们可以计算他们在地球上的任何准确位置。
[知识积累]
to be precise 准确地说,确切地说
be precise about... ……方面准确
precisely adv. 精确地;恰好;细心地
more precisely 更确切地说
◆[学以致用]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①I can be reasonably precise about the time of the incident.
②The problem is due to discipline,or,more precisely (precise),the lack of discipline,in schools.
③There were 200 people killed in the accident, to be precise .
确切地说,那次事故中有200人丧生。
[语境助记]
Not only can a cell's motions be precisely controlled with the device,but it can also provide very precise measurements of a cell's position.
该设备不仅可以精确控制细胞的运动,还可以非常精确地测量细胞的位置。
6
Its impact was immediate and far reaching: the use of DDT was banned and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)was established in the US.
它的巨大影响是立刻显现的和深远的:DDT的使用被禁止,环境保护署(EPA)在美国成立。
*ban vt.禁止,取缔 n.禁令
◆[佳句感知]
(2021·高考全国甲卷)Banned from the hotel since 2001.Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont said.
自2001年起被禁止进入酒店。费尔蒙特说,现在欢迎伯奇尔回来。
[知识积累]
ban sb.from (doing)sth. 禁止(某人)做某事
a ban on/against sth. 对……的禁令
place/put...under a ban 禁止……
◆[学以致用]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①There is a ban on/against smoking in all indoor public places.
②The new rule has put/placed smoking under a ban.
③Chemical weapons are banned (ban)internationally.
④They are banned from swimming in the river.
他们被禁止在这条河里游泳。
[名师点津] “禁止某人做某事”的表达:
ban sb.from doing sth.
prohibit sb.from doing sth.
forbid sb.from doing sth.
forbid sb.to do sth.
7
These were attempts to damage Carson's reputation and stop her work from influencing public policy.
这些都是损害卡森的声誉,阻止她的作品影响公共政策的企图。
*reputation n.名声;名望
◆[佳句感知]
This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.
这家商店因公平交易而获得好名声。
[知识积累]
have a good/bad reputation 有好/坏名声
have a reputation for... 因……有名
earn/build/establish a reputation 赢得/确立/ 树立声誉
live up to one's reputation 不负盛名; 名不虚传
damage/ruin sb.'s reputation 有损/毁坏 某人的名
◆[学以致用]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①He has a reputation for being tough and uncompromising.
②We have a good reputation and strong economic strength.
我们拥有良好的信誉和雄厚的经济实力。
③The scientist earned a high reputation for his learning.
那位科学家在学识方面享有很高的声誉。
④He lived up to his reputation as a public servant.
他没有辜负他作为公仆的声誉。
[句式精析]
1
Many people spoke of them, puzzled and disturbed.
许多人说起他们,既困惑又不安。
[句式分析] 在该句子中puzzled and disturbed为形容词短语,在句中作状语,描述主语的特征。形容词在句中作状语,具有副词的功能。
◆[佳句感知]
The thief hid himself in the corner,afraid of being caught.
小偷躲在角落里,担心被人抓住。
[知识积累]
形容词(短语)作状语的用法
结构:可以是单个形容词,也可以是形容词短语,一般要用逗号将其和句子的其他部分分开。
位置:通常位于句子主语前或句子主语后,有时位于句末。
作用:一般用于说明主语的状态,可表示原因、结果、伴随状况等。
◆[学以致用]
单句语法填空/完成句子
① Excited (excite )and overjoyed,the children rushed to the front.
②Hungry and tired (tire), I had to stop to have a rest.
③ Eager to see her friends , she took a taxi home rather than ride a bike.
由于渴望见到她的朋友,她没有骑自行车而是打的回家。
④We arrived home very late, safe and sound .
我们很晚才到家,平安无事。
⑤He is standing there, full of fear.
他站在那里,充满了恐惧。
2
Some also said that her work was more emotional than scientific.
一些人还说,她的工作更多的是情感上的,而不是科学上的。
[句式分析] 句中more...than...意思为“与其说……倒不如说……”;另外,此结构意思还可以是“比……多,比……更”。
◆[佳句感知]
The book seems to be more a dictionary than one on grammar.
与其说这是本语法书,倒不如说是一本词典。
[知识积累]
no more...than... 与……一样不
not more...than... 不如;不及
more than 超过;不止
more than one+单数名词,意为“不止一个……”,在语意上虽为复数,但作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
◆[学以致用]
单句语法填空/完成句子
①When more than one person reviews (review)data, there will inevitably be disagreements.
②This book is not more difficult than that one.
这本书不如那本书难。
③He's no more able to read Spanish than I am.
他和我都不懂西班牙语。
④He is more than a writer; he is also a professor.
他不仅仅是位作家,还是一名教授。
⑤It is more a lyric than a folk story .
与其说这是个民间故事,不如说是首抒情诗。
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