Unit 4 Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking(Ⅱ)-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册五维课堂教师用书word（人教版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦Reading and Thinking模块，系统梳理重点词汇（如parcel, mail, privilege等）、核心短语（not to mention, come across等）及关键句型（现在完成进行时、was/were doing...when...结构、with复合结构），构建从词汇积累到语法应用的学习支架，助力学生逐步提升语言理解与表达能力。 该资料以教材原句为依托，通过句式分析、归纳拓展及即学即练，强化语言能力（如“up to”多义辨析与语境应用），培养思维品质（如with复合结构中不同非谓语动词的逻辑关系辨析）。课中辅助教师开展分层教学，课后练习题（单词拼写、语法填空等）帮助学生巩固知识，查漏补缺，有效提升学习效率。

Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking(Ⅱ) [重点单词] 1．　parcel　 n. 包裹 vt. 裹好；打包 2．　mail　 n. 邮件；信件；邮政 vt. 邮寄；发电邮给 3．　secondary　 adj.中学的；次要的 4．　uniform　 n. 校服；制服 adj. 一致的；统一的 5．　shade　 n．阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分 vt. 给……遮挡；加灯罩；把……涂暗 6．　forehead　 n. 额；前额 7．　housing　 n. 住房；住宅 8．　platform　 n．平台；站台；舞台 9．　ripe　 adj. 成熟的；时机成熟的 10．　drag　 vt. & vi. 拖，拽；缓慢而费劲地移动 11．　privilege　 n．特权；优惠待遇 12．　chemist　 n．化学家；药剂师；药房→　chemistry　 n．化学→　chemical　 adj. 化学的，化学反应的 13．　dust　 n．沙土；灰尘；vt. & vi. 擦灰→　dusty　 adj.布满灰尘的 14．　rigid　 adj.死板的；固执的 [重点短语] 1．not to 　mention　 更不用说；且不说 2．come 　across　 偶遇；偶然被发现；被理解 3．to be 　honest　 说实话；老实说 4．a chorus 　of　 齐声；异口同声 5．up 　to　 达到，直到 6．adapt 　to　 适应 7．the concept 　of　... ……的概念 8．　show　 sb. sth.向……展示；让……看…… 9.be relevant 　to　... 与……有关系 10．make a 　difference　 起作用 11.be 　dying　 to do sth.渴望做某事 [重点句型] 1．I've been dying to have some of my favourite sweets，... [句式分析]： has/have been doing...为现在完成进行时 试译：　我一直十分渴望吃到自己最喜欢的那些糖果……。　 2．The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere. [句式分析]： was/were doing... when...结构，表示正在做/干……，这时(突然)…… 试译：　前几天，我正在给孩子们展示一个化学实验，不知不觉中，试管里的混和物冒泡了，溅得到处都是　。 3．Tombe's father, ...led us to his house... with grass sticking out of the roof... [句式精析]： with 的复合结构 试译：　汤贝的父亲……领我们到他家……，屋顶上伸出一簇茅草……。　 4．Later, I noticed a can standing upside down on the grill over the fire. [句式精析]： “感官动词(词组)＋宾语＋宾补” 结构 试译：　后来，我注意到炉火上方的烤架上倒放着一个罐子。　 [词汇精讲] 1．(教材P38)Unlike students in our country, these boys do not wear cotton uniforms, and many of them also have to walk a long way, sometimes for up to two hours, just to get to school. 这些男孩跟我们国家的学生不一样，他们不穿棉校服，许多人还得走很长的路，有时长达两个小时，才能抵达学校。 up to 达到；到……为止；能胜任；是(某人的)义务；由……来决定；忙于……，在做…… ◆[佳句感知] The spokesman said the highspeed rail could be up to 350 kilometers per hour. 发言人说，高铁的速度可达每小时350千米。 [归纳拓展] up to now 直到现在(常与现在完成时连用) up to then 直到那时(常与过去完成时连用) be up to sth. 胜任(工作等) It's up to sb. to do sth. 做某事由某人决定 It's up to sb. ＋whether/how/when/... 是否/如何/何时/……由某人决定 It's up to you.(交际用语)由你决定。 ◆[即学即练] [判断句中up to 的含义] ①It's up to　 you whether we accept the present or not.　由……决定　 ②(2019·全国Ⅰ卷)Summer Company provides students with handson business training and awards of up to　 $ 3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.　达到　 ③He isn't up to　 the role of Othello in the play.　能胜任　 ④Up to　 now, he has visited five European countries, including England and France. 　到……为止　 ⑤He knew Bill was up to　 something. But what was it？　正在做　 [语法填空] ⑥Up to now, the program 　has saved　 (save) thousands of children who would otherwise have died. ⑦It is up to you 　to decide　 (decide) whether to go shopping or not. ⑧He, up to then, 　had found　(find) a good subject to write about. 2．(教材P38)There's no electricity, running water or even textbooks, not to mention laptops, tablets, or other modern devices! 没有电，没有自来水，甚至没有课本，更别提笔记本电脑、平板电脑或者别的现代化设备了！ not to mention 意为“更不用说，且不说”，相当于let alone, 其后常接名词、代词、形容词或v.­ing 等。 ◆[佳句感知] He can speak French, German and Spanish, not to mention English. 他会讲法语，德语，西班牙语，更不用说英语了。 [归纳拓展] mention vt. 提到，说到 n．[U，C，usually sing.]提及，说起 mention doing sth. 提到做某事 Don't mention it. 不客气 honourable mention 荣誉奖 ◆[即学即练] [语法填空] ①I heard they had promoted Tom, but he didn't mention 　having been promoted　 (promote) when we talked on the phone. [完成句子] ②Her income was barely enough to maintain one child, 　not to mention three　(更不用说三个了)． ③—Thank you for reminding me of the time；otherwise I would have been late yesterday. —　Don't mention it　(不客气)． 3．(教材P38)The class became a circus as the boys, who had never come across anything like this before, started jumping out of the windows. 这个班瞬间变成了马戏团，因为他们以前从来没有见过这种情形，男孩子们(吓得)从窗户跳了出去。 come across 偶遇；偶然发现；被理解 ◆[佳句感知] Your speech didn't come across. Nobody understood your opinion. 你的演讲讲得不明白，没人听懂你的意见。 He came across a super star in the street the other day, which made him very excited. 他前几天在街上偶然遇到了一位超级明星，这令他非常激动。 [归纳拓展] “偶遇” come about (某情况)发生 come out 出版；(太阳等)出现；(花朵)开放 come to 达到；总计 come along 出现；一起去；赶快 come up 被提及；被讨论 come up with 想出(主意、答案等) ◆[即学即练] [判断come across 的含义] ①You are very likely to come across large wild animals, too.　偶然遇到　 ②He is not a good speaker. His words can't well come across to others.　被理解　 [完成句子] ③We are making efforts 　to come up with　 a practical idea. ④The newspaper, Learning English, 　comes out　 once a week. [翻译句子] ⑤探索北京的胡同，你会遇到各种惊喜。 　Exploring the hutongs in Beijing, you will come across all kinds of surprises.　 4．(教材P38)To be honest, I doubt whether I'm making any difference to these boys' lives at all. 说实话，我怀疑自己是否能给这些孩子的生活带来任何改变。 to be honest (with you) 说实话；老实说 ◆[佳句感知] To be honest, it was one of the worst books I've ever read. 说实在的，那是我读过的最差的书之一。 [归纳拓展] 说实话，老实说 作插入语的动词不定式短语 to be brief 简单说；简言之 to be exact 确切地说 to make matters worse 更糟糕的是 to begin/start with 首先 to sum up 概括起来说 to conclude 最后 honestly adv.诚实地；正直地 honesty n. 诚实；坦诚；正直 in all honesty 说实话 dishonest adj.不诚实的；不老实的 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①To be 　honest　(honesty), the pay isn't attractive enough, though the job itself is quite interesting. ②—What's Tom like? —He's 　an　 honest student; all of us like him very much. ③　Honestly　 (honest) speaking, some of the things that I bought have been put aside forever in my closet. ④If I lose 　honesty 　(honest), I won't be happy forever. ⑤I lost my way in the forest, and to make matters 　worse　(bad), it became dark. 5．(教材P39)Such housing is dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust. 这种房子屋内很暗，所以我们的眼睛过了一会儿才适应。 adjust vi.&vt. 适应，(使)习惯；调整，调节 ◆[佳句感知] Studying abroad can be stressful, because you have to adjust to a new culture at the same time. 在国外学习可能会压力很大，因为你不得不同时适应新的文化。 You can adjust the belt to the size that you want. 皮带的松紧可按照你想要的尺寸来调整。 [归纳拓展] adjust to (doing) sth. 习惯/适应(做)某事 adjust oneself to sth. 使某人自己适应某事 adjust...to... 调整……以适应…… adjustment n．[C，U] 调整，调节；(行为、思想的)调整，适应 make adjustments/an adjustment (to...) (对……)作出调整(to是介词) adjustable adj.可调整的，可调节的 ◆[即学即练] [语法填空] ①Living in the village was tougher than he had thought. It took him a long time to adjust 　to　 the life there. ②My parents had trouble adjusting to 　living　(live) in an apartment. ③The seats are 　adjustable　； that is to say, you can 　adjust　 them to a certain angle or height. The 　adjustment　 is not difficult to make. (adjust) ④Considering the surroundings, we made a few 　adjustments　 (adjust) to the plan. 6．(教材P39)It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe's family. 和汤贝一家人度过了一天，真是荣幸。 privilege n．优惠待遇；特权 ◆[佳句感知] Education should be a universal right and not a privilege. 教育应当是全民共有的权利而非(某部分人的)特权。 I hope to have the privilege of working with them again. 但愿我有幸与他们再度合作。 [归纳拓展] privileged adj.有特权的；受特别优待的；荣幸的 be privileged to do sth. 很荣幸做某事 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] 我很荣幸能在这里并发表演讲。 ①It 　is my privilege to be here　 and give a speech. ②I am 　privileged to be here　 and give a speech. [翻译句子] ③It was a great privilege to hear her sing. 　听她唱歌真是三生有幸。　 [句式精析] 1．I've been dying to have some of my favourite sweets, and it's always nice to get mail! 我一直十分渴望吃到自己最喜欢的那些糖果，而且收到邮件的感觉真是一如既往的好！ [句式分析] 现在完成进行时 现在完成进行时的结构为“have/has＋been＋现在分词”，其用法如下： ①表示从过去某时开始发生，一直延续到说话时刻，并可能延续下去的动作。 I've been waiting for an hour but he still hasn't come. 我已经等了一个小时了，但他还没有来。 ②表示动作刚刚结束。(有时指出结果) They have been talking about the book. 他们刚刚一直在讨论这本书。 ③表示重复。(指断断续续，而非一直不停) I have been bidding goodbye to some friends today. 我今天同一些朋友告了别。 ④表示过去的动作对现在的影响或造成的结果。(相当于现在完成时) Who's been insulting you? 谁侮辱你了？ ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①You know, I 　have been looking　 (look) for a job for three months，and this is my first formal interview. ②My sister 　stayed　(stay) in Beijing for three months last year. ③The little boy is dirty all over because he 　has been playing　 (play) in the mud all the morning. ④I 　wondered 　 (wonder) if you were free this afternoon. ⑤Here he is! We 　have been waiting　 (wait) anxiously for him since last night. [翻译句子] ⑥你做这工作多久了？ 　How long have you been doing the work？　 ⑦我的衣服湿了，我在雨中走路了。 　My clothes are wet. I've been walking in the rain.　 ⑧他一直在制造麻烦吗？ 　Has he been making trouble？　 2．(教材P38)The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere! 前几天，我在给孩子们展示一个化学实验，不知不觉中，试管里的混合物冒泡了，溅得到处都是！ [句式分析] 　the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube 　 was/were doing... when 结构 was/were doing... when... 意为“正在做……，这时(突然)……”。该句型中when 表示“这时(突然)”。 类似的结构还有： was/were about to do... when... 正打算做……，这时…… was/were on the point of doing... when... 正要做……，这时…… was/were (just) going to do... when... 正要做……，这时…… had just done... when... 刚做了……，这时…… He was reading newspapers when he heard his name being called. 他正在读报，突然听到有人叫他的名字。 I was about to go out when an unexpected visitor came. 我正要出门时，一位不速之客来访了。 Tom was about to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird. 汤姆正要关窗户，突然他的注意力被一只小鸟吸引了。 She was on the point of leaving when I arrived. 她正要离开时我来了。 He had just gone to bed when the telephone rang. 他刚上床睡觉，这时电话响了。 ◆[即学即练] [翻译句子] ①我正在看电视，这时突然停电了。 　I was watching TV when the electricity was cut off.　 ②我正要出去，这时汤姆进来了。 　I was about to go out when Tom came in.　 ③我正在街上散步，这时大雨倾盆而下。 　I was walking along the street when the rain poured down.　 ④Jack was on the point of leaving when he noticed a man coming out of the room. 　杰克正要离开，这时他突然注意到一个人从屋里出来了。　 3．(教材P38)Tombe's father, Mukap, a man (with) a strong jaw and a wrinkled forehead, led us to his house, a low, round bamboo hut with no windows, with a door just big enough to get through, and with grass sticking out of the roof—this shows it is a man's house. 汤贝的父亲叫穆卡普，是一个下巴宽厚，前额长满了皱纹的男人，他把我们带到了他家，那是一间低矮的圆竹屋，没有窗户，只有一扇门，刚好够一个人穿过，屋顶上长满了草——这代表这是一所男人的房子。 [句式分析] to his house， and① —this shows ①and连接并列的介词短语，作后置定语，修饰hut. with 复合结构 with复合结构即“with＋宾语＋宾补”结构，多在句中作状语，表原因、时间、条件、方式或伴随等；该结构还可以作后置定语修饰名词。在这个结构中，宾语是一个名词或代词且作后面宾补的逻辑主语或逻辑宾语，而宾补则由形容词、副词、介词短语、非谓语动词等充当。结构如下： “with＋n./pron.＋adj./adv./介词短语/现在分词(与宾语形成逻辑上的主动关系，表主动的、进行的动作)/过去分词(与宾语形成逻辑上的被动关系，表被动的、已完成的动作)/to do(表示要做的事)” The police kept shouting at the man to come out with his hands up. 警察一直朝那名男子大声呼喊，让他举起双手走出来。(with＋名词＋副词，作状语) They sit in small circles in the square，with their babies on their backs, completely uninterested in the tourists. 他们在广场上围坐成一个个小圆圈，背上背着孩子，对游客丝毫不感兴趣。(with＋名词＋介词短语，作状语) With more than 60 million Chinese living and working overseas，the MidAutumn Festival reminds them of their origins and helps to unite Chinese people all over the world. 在海外生活和工作的中国人有6000多万，中秋节使他们想到自己的中国血统，并有助于把全世界的中国人团结在一起。(with＋名词＋现在分词，作状语) The foreign girl with a smile on her face won the first prize in the Fifth Chinese Speech Contest. 这个面带微笑的外国女孩赢得了第五届汉语演讲比赛一等奖。(with＋名词＋介词短语，作定语) 比较下面两个句子： With so many difficult problems settled，the newly elected President felt relieved. 随着这么多的难题得以解决，新当选的总统感到很宽慰。 (with＋名词＋过去分词，作状语) With so many difficult problems to settle，the newly elected President is having a hard time. 有这么多的难题需要解决，新当选的总统要过一段艰难的日子。(with＋名词＋不定式，作状语) 第一个句子中用过去分词作宾补，表示问题已被解决，是已完成的动作；第二个句子中用不定式作宾补，表示问题有待解决。 ◆[即学即练] [语法填空] ①The day was bright with a fresh breeze 　blowing　 (blow)． ②With the job 　done　 (do), they are packing to leave. ③With two exams 　to take　 (take), I have to work hard this weekend. ④The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already 　laid　 (lay) for a meal. ⑤They pretended to be working hard all night with their lights 　burning　(burn)． [用 with 复合结构改写句子] ⑥Since so much work fills my mind, I almost break down. 　With so much work filling my mind　， I almost break down. ⑦When the class was over, we went to the library. 　With the class over　， we went to the library. ⑧I live in the house and its door faces south. I live in the house 　with its door facing south　. Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．I can see from his 　wrinkled　(有皱纹的) face that he has suffered a lot in the past years. 2．The clerk in the post office weighed the 　parcel　(包裹) and told the woman that it weighed 2 pounds. 3．(2020·山东卷)　Mail　(邮寄) your entry to us by October 31 this year. 4．(2019·浙江卷)Pupils at about 90 percent of British 　secondary　(中学的) schools wear 　uniforms　(校服)． 5．France will reform the 　rigid　(死板的) and outdated rules that have been limiting the development of the country in the near future. 6. (2020·江苏卷) You can be the one who directs the conversation to fun topics that are 　ripe　(时机成熟的) for others to add humor. 7．Waving to her family on the 　platform　(站台), the girl could not hold back tears of sorrow. 8．You can enjoy all the benefits and 　privileges　 (优惠待遇) of club membership. Ⅱ.选词填空 be dying to，not to mention，to be honest，dry out，stick out，a chorus of，make a difference 1．With a branch 　sticking out　， the tree almost blocks the alleyway(小巷)． 2．The railway network will create more opportunities for business, tourism and so on, 　not to mention　 better communication among those countries. 3．　A chorus of　 complaints from the neighbors forced the drummer to stop the practice. 4．Only by discovering what we do best can we hope to reach our goals and truly 　make a difference　. 5．　To be honest　， his suggestion is not helpful, though it sounds very interesting. 6．I 　am dying to　 say you are really an unwelcome man! 7．In summer, water the plants regularly and never let the soil 　dry out　. Ⅲ.语法填空 1．Jack failed to seek a job for his poor education, though he was dying 　to get　(get) one to support his family. 2．There was no light in the room and it took me a few seconds to adjust 　to　 the darkness. 3．My family were moving to the countryside and I had to make some 　adjustments　(adjust) and learn to lead a different life there. 4．A person's success is greatly relevant 　to　 his diligence(勤勉). So if you want to succeed, work hard right now. 5．He hid himself behind the door, from 　where　 he saw the man take something off the desk. 6．History is much more than the study of 　dusty　(dust) old objects and events long past. 7．Little Tom sat there, amazed, watching the monkey 　dancing　 (dance) in front of him. 8．A successful person is the one who can make full use of the chances that he comes 　across　. Ⅳ.完成句子/翻译句子 1．我可以把书带出图书馆，因为会员有特权使用图书馆的借阅服务。(as, privilege) I can take books out of the library, 　as the members have the privilege of 　 using the lending service of the library. 2．信不信由你，他们花了大约一个月的时间才弄明白如何启动这件设备。(take) Believe it or not, 　it took them about one month to figure out　 how to start this piece of equipment. 3．看了这则招聘广告，他想知道他是否有资格申请这份工作。(wonder) After reading the job advertisement, he 　 wondered whether/if he was qualified to apply for the job.　 4．我并不怀疑他在科研方面会取得成功。(doubt) 　I don't doubt that he will succeed in science research.　 5．几天前我正在网上浏览最新的新闻，这时电脑突然坏了。(when) 　The other day I was surfing the Internet for the latest news when the computer broke down.　 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $