Unit 2 Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking(Ⅱ)-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册五维课堂教师用书word（人教版）

本讲义聚焦澳大利亚主题相关的核心语言知识，系统梳理重点词汇（如foundation, located）、短语（如refer to...as..., lead to）及句型（如what引导的名词性从句、It is said that句型），从词汇拓展到句式分析，构建层层递进的学习支架，帮助学生夯实语言基础。 该资料突出语言能力与文化意识的融合，通过词汇精讲（如“foundation”的词形转换与用法）和句型解析（如“特殊疑问词+ever”引导的让步状语从句）提升语言理解与表达能力，结合澳大利亚多元文化背景培养跨文化认知。即学即练环节（如语法填空、翻译句子）锻炼思维品质，课中辅助教师高效授课，课后助力学生查漏补缺，提升自主学习能力。

Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking(Ⅱ) [重点单词] 1．　iconic　 adj.符号的；图标的 2．　equator　 n．赤道 3.　barbecue　 n．户外烧烤；烤架 4．　joint　 n．公开场所；关节 adj.联合的；共同的 5．　butcher　 n．肉贩；屠夫；刽子手 6．　premier　 adj. 最著名的；第一流的；首要的 n．总理；首相 7．　hollow　 adj.中空的；空心的 8．　straightforward　 adj.坦率的；简单的 9.　found　→v. 建立，创办，成立→　foundation　 n．创建；基础；地基 10．　politics　 n．政治，权术，政治学→　political　 adj.政治的 11．　locate　 v．找到，确定……的位置→　location　 n．地点，位置→　located　 adj.位于 [重点短语] 1．　major in　　　　　　　　 主修 2．　refer to...as...　 把……称作…… 3．　on the other hand　 另一方面 4．　lead to　 导致，造成 5．　in contact with　 与……有联系/接触 6．　breathe in 　 吸气 7．　make up　 构成，组成 8．　at home　 舒适自在，无拘无束 [重点句型] 1．I plan to keep this blog to record my experience and what I learn. [句式精析] 本句为简单句，my experience 与 what I learn并列作record 的宾语 试译：　我打算写博客来记录我的经历和所学　。 2．They have a straightforward and freeandeasy attitude towards life, and their friendliness and warmth made me feel at home wherever I went. [句式精析] 试译：　他们的生活态度坦率且无拘无束，而他们的友善和温暖让我无论到哪里都感到轻松自在。　 [词汇精讲] 1．(教材P14)The foundation of Australia 澳大利亚的建立 foundation n．创建；基础；地基；根据 ◆[佳句感知] The foundation of every state is its education of its youth. 对青年人的教育是每个国家的根本。 How long will it take to finish digging the foundations? 挖好地基需要多久？ [归纳拓展] lay the foundation(s) for...为……打下基础 found vt. 创立；建立 founder n．创办者；发起人 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①He was a family doctor and the 　founder　 (found) of the worldwide Laughter Yoga movement. ②The good relation between human and nature is the 　foundation　 (found) of a harmonious society. ③　Founded　 (found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art. [翻译句子] ④建立于1924年的那家公司已发展成为一家大公司。(found) 　The company (which) was founded in 1924 has developed into a big one.　 ⑤建立于1911年的清华大学是很多伟大人物的母校。(found, be home to) 　Tsinghua University, founded in 1911, is home to a number of great figures.　 2．(教材P14)Located to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe, it's often informally referred to as “down under”． 它位于赤道以南，在地球上许多国家的下方，通常被非正式地称为“down under”。 (1)located adj. 位于 ◆[佳句感知] Their base is located in the north of the city. 他们的基地位于这座城市的北部。 [归纳拓展] be located in/near/to/on...位于……(附近，里面……) “位于……；坐落在……”的表达方法 be located＋表方位的介词＋... be situated＋表方位的介词＋... lie＋表方位的介词＋... be＋表方位的介词＋... location n．位置；地点 ◆[即学即练] [语法填空] ①Mr Smith was quite satisfied with his new flat which 　was located　(locate) beside the West Lake Park and decided to settle down there. ②The attractive city Qingdao is located 　on　 the eastern coast of China. ③They switched the 　location　 (locate) of the movie to Hawaii. [翻译句子] ④中国位于亚洲东部，是一个有着悠久历史的国家。 　China is a country with a long history, which is/lies/is located/is situated in the east of Asia.　 (2)refer to...as...称……为…… ◆[佳句感知] At one time, people referred to the city as the Paris of the East. 人们曾一度称这座城市为“东方巴黎”。 She always referred to Ben as “that nice man”． 她总是称本为“那个大好人”。 [归纳拓展] refer to a dictionary/an expert 查字典/请教专家 reference n. 参考；涉及；提及；查阅 in/with reference to...关于…… ◆[即学即练] [在空白处填入refer 的正确形式] ①When I said some people are stupid, I wasn't 　referring　 to you. ②It is suggested that one 　refer　 to the 　reference　 book to ensure the reliability of the news. ③You'd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future 　reference　. [完成句子] ④If you are a traveller without a guide leading the way, you need to 　refer to　 (查阅) a guidebook for details of your journey. ⑤　Referred to as　 (被称为) the “Chinese Valentine's Day”， Qixi, as a traditional Chinese festival, is more similar to a Western festival. ⑥　In reference to　(关于) your question about cost, the tickets for the film are 35 yuan each. 3.(教材P14)The influence of Asian cultures, on the other hand, led to the introduction of bean curd and Asian herbs, along with Australian versions of foods like the Chineseinspired dim sim. 另一方面，受亚洲文化的影响，除了灵感源自中国的点心等澳大利亚版的食物以外，(澳大利亚)还引入了豆腐和(用于调味的)亚洲香草。 lead to 导致，造成；通往，通向 ◆[佳句感知] Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems. 食用过多的糖会引起健康问题。 The global warming, if not properly controlled, might lead to more natural disasters. 全球变暖如果得不到适当控制，可能导致更多的自然灾害。 It doesn't matter whether you turn right or left at the crossing － both roads lead to the park. 你在十字路口向右转还是向左转都不要紧——两条路都通往公园。 [归纳拓展] ◆[即学即练] [语法填空] ①His laziness led to him 　failing　 (fail) in the last exam. ②His friends gave away some information, which led to his 　being arrested　 (arrest)． [完成句子] ③他带路，把我们领到了西藏的一个小村庄。在那里，我们发现当地人过着幸福的生活。 He 　led the way　， and 　led us to　 a village of Tibet. There we found the local people 　leading a happy life　. 4．(教材P15)I tried to learn how to play it, but after trying for hours, I was convinced that... 我试着去学习吹奏它，但试了几个小时后，我确信…… convince vt. 使信服，说服 ◆[佳句感知] They were convinced of his honesty. 他们相信他的诚实。 I am convinced that the medicine will work. 我相信这药会起作用。 [归纳拓展] convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事 convince sb. that 使某人相信…… convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事 convincing adj.有说服力的，令人信服的 ◆[即学即练] [语法填空] ①I think you will help me convince my father 　to quit　 (quit) smoking. ②　Convinced　 (convince) of the truth of the reports, Bill told his colleagues about it. ③He'll cook up a 　convincing　 (convince) explanation for his failure. ④I'm 　convinced　 (convince) that he is not telling the truth. ⑤You'll need to convince them 　of　 your enthusiasm for the job. 5.(教材P15)After being here for a while, my biggest impression is the complicated mix of peoples and cultures that make up the nation. 在这儿待了一段时间后，给我印象最深的是形成这个国度的复杂多样的民族和文化。 make up 形成，构成；编造；补上；化妆，和解 ◆[佳句感知] Asian Americans make up sixty percent of the population here. 亚裔美国人占这儿人口的百分之六十。 Jane made up stories to amuse her little brother. 简编故事逗她的小弟弟。 We have to drive fast to make up the time we lost in Boston. 我们得开快一点，好补回我们在波士顿耽误的时间。 Why don't you make up with her and forget all about your quarrel? 你为什么不能同她和好并忘掉你们吵架的事呢？ [归纳拓展] ◆[即学即练] [写出make up的含义] ①David isn't an honest boy. Every time he is late, he will make up　 an excuse.　编造　 ②Can I leave early this afternoon and make up　 the time tomorrow？　补上　 ③I'm glad to hear that you are considering making up　 with Peter. 　和解　 ④In that country, women make up　 44% of the workforce (劳动力), and nearly half the mothers with children are in paid work.　构成，组成　 ⑤They made　 him up　 as an old man for the last act of the play. 　化妆　 [句式精析] 1．(教材P14)I plan to keep this blog to record my experiences and what I learn. 我打算写博客来记录我的经历和所学。 [句式分析] 本句是主从复合句，what I learn 是 what 引导的宾语从句，作record 的宾语，what 在从句中作learn 的宾语。 what 引导名词性从句 (1)当what 用作连接代词引导名词性从句时，可引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 (2)what 在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点：一是它在相应的名词性从句中一定有含义，常表示“……的东西/样子/事情等”；二是它在相应的名词性从句中一定作成分，常作主语、宾语、表语或定语等。 What these word experts solve are mysterious origins of some of the most common words. 这些词汇专家所解决的问题是一些最常见单词的神秘起源。(what 在主语从句中作solve 的宾语) What worries parents is that their children lack motivation to learn. 父母担忧的是孩子们缺乏学习的动力。(What 在主语从句中作主语) If you follow what is mentioned above, you will be accepted by people around you. 你如果遵从上面所提到的内容，就会被周围的人接受了。(what 在宾语从句中作主语) Complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy, such as a good dinner or a film. 完成几个任务，然后用你所喜欢的东西来奖赏自己，比如吃一顿美餐，看一场电影。(what 在宾语从句中作enjoy 的宾语) Stress is what you feel when you are worried about something. 压力是你担忧某事时的感受。(what 在表语从句中作feel 的表语) I have no idea what I should do to help her. 我不知道我应该怎么帮助她。(what 在同位语从句中作do 的宾语) ◆[即学即练] [写出句子中 what 引导的从句类型] ①This is what my father has taught me　 － to always face difficulties and hope for the best.　表语从句　 ②Studying history can give us insight (洞察力) into why our culture does certain things, and how the past has shaped it into what we know now　.　宾语从句　 ③What is known to us　 is that tobacco contains nicotine (尼古丁) and other harmful substances, so you should give up smoking.　主语从句　 2．(教材P14)Since I arrived, my friend has brought me to my first openair barbecue and has also shared many different but yummy meals with me, so my first impressions of Australia have been all about food! 自从我到了这里，我朋友就带我体验了露天烧烤，我以前从未体验过；朋友还带我品尝了各种美味的饭菜，所以我对澳大利亚的第一印象都是关于食物的！ [句式分析] ， since/ever since 引导时间状语从句 since 和 ever since 引导时间状语从句，表示“自从……以来”。从句一般表示动作的起点，用一般过去时。 The number of women dying from breast cancer has fallen to its lowest level since records began in 1971. 死于乳腺癌的女性人数已经降到了从1971年有相关记录以来的最低值。 He has been working here ever since he left university. 自从大学毕业以后，他就一直在这里工作。 [温馨提示] since 从句中的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词。另有固定句型“It be ＋ 时间段＋since...”，表示“自从过去某个时间以来，已经有……时间了”。 It's years since I painted a picture as beautiful as this one. 我已经很多年没有画出和这幅画一样美的画了。 ◆[即学即练] [完成句子] ①自从我们上次见面已经有六年了。 It has been 6 years 　since we last saw each other/we met last time 　. ②自从大学毕业，他就梦想着出国旅游。 Ever since he graduated from college, 　 he has dreamed/has been dreaming of travelling abroad　. ③我们好长时间都没有欣赏到这么好的喜剧片了。 It has been a long time 　since we enjoyed such a wonderful/good comedy　. 3．(教材P15)It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas. 据说，目前近一半的澳大利亚公民都是在海外出生的，或者他们的父母是在海外出生的。 [句式分析] It is said that...句型 It is said that...意为“据说……”，其结构为“It ＋动词的被动语态＋that 从句”，类似的句型还有： It is thought that...人们认为…… It is believed that...人们相信…… It is hoped that...人们希望…… It is reported that...据报道…… It is wellknown that...众所周知…… It is supposed that...据推测…… It is widely/universally acknowledged that...大家公认…… It is assumed that...人们认为…… 上述结构可改为： ①Sb./Sth. be said/thought/believed/hoped/...to do/to be doing/to have done... ②People say/think/believe/hope...that... It was said that some primitive people who ate venison could run as fast as deer. 据说有些吃鹿肉的原始人能跑得像鹿一样快。 It is thought that the country will develop faster in the following years. 人们认为该国在接下来几年中将会发展得更加迅速。 It is hoped that the terrible disease will soon be controlled. 人们希望这种可怕的疾病能很快得到控制。 It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work. 人们普遍认为压力是工作量过大所致。 ◆[即学即练] [句型转换] ①It is said that Mr Green has arrived in London. →Mr Green is said 　to have arrived　 in London. ②It is supposed that he is working in that big company. →He is supposed 　to be working 　 in that big company. ③It is thought that he often helps the people in need. →He is often thought 　to help 　 the people in need. ④People believe that the castle has existed for several centuries. →　It is believed that　 the castle has existed for several centuries. →The castle is believed 　to have existed　 for several centuries. ⑤It is known to all that he landed on the moon in 1969. →　He　 is known to all to land on the moon in 1969. →　What　 is known to all is that he landed on the moon in 1969.(主语从句) →　As　 is known to all, he landed on the moon in 1969.(定语从句) →He landed on the moon in 1969, 　which/as　 is known to all.(定语从句) →　That　 he landed on the moon in 1969 is known to all.(主语从句) 4．(教材P15)They have a straightforward and freeandeasy attitude towards life, and their friendliness and warmth made me feel at home wherever I went. 他们对生活的态度率真洒脱，无论我走到哪里，他们的友好和热情都让我感到舒适自在。 [句式精析] “特殊疑问词＋ ever”引导的让步状语从句 在英语中，“特殊疑问词＋ ever”引导让步状语从句，意为“无论……”，可与“no matter＋特殊疑问词”相互替换。 Whenever(＝No matter when) you come back, don't wake me up. 你不管什么时候回来，都不要吵醒我。 Wherever (＝No matter where) he is, he makes it a rule to give his mother a call every day. 他无论在哪儿，都把每天给妈妈打电话当成一个惯例。 However(＝No matter how) carefully I explained, she still didn't understand. 无论我解释得多么仔细，她还是没弄懂。 She knew that, whatever (＝no matter what) she decided, her family was right behind her. 她知道，无论她作出什么决定，她的家人肯定会支持她。 Whoever(＝No matter who) breaks the law, he should be punished. 无论谁违犯法律，都应该受到惩罚。 We can go on Tuesday or Friday, whichever (＝no matter which) you prefer. 我们可以周二或周五去，随你喜欢哪个时间。 ◆[即学即练] 选词填空：whatever/however/wherever/whenever ①(2019·北京)　Whatever　 stage of life you're at, 　wherever　 you go and 　whatever　 project you do in GDA, you'll create positive changes in a poor and remote community. ②(2018·天津)　Whenever　 you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room. ③　However 　 serious a problem you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge. [完成句子] ④(2018·天津)The gold medal will be awarded to 　whoever wins the first place　 (赢得第一名的人) in the bicycle race. Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．We were out all day visiting museums and 　monuments　 (纪念碑)． 2．The earth is divided equally into two halves along the 　equator　(赤道)． 3．Many young people like to have 　barbecue　 (烧烤), especially in hot summer. 4．The whole 　herb　(草药)has a characteristic taste. 5．The Irish 　premier　 (总理) is paying an official visit to Britain. 6．Jack is tough, but always 　straightforward　 (坦诚的) and fair. 7．I failed to 　convince　 (使信服) the old lady of my honesty for help. 8．Guzheng is a traditional folk Chinese 　instrument　 (乐器)． Ⅱ.选词填空 refer to，major in，in contact with，make up，along with，personally speaking，feel at home，on the other hand 1．As a writer, he draws inspiration from everything he reads and everyone he keeps 　in contact with　. 2．That's what hospitality is all about: making people 　feel at home　 when they are not. 3．I 　majored in 　 architecture, and then I took some courses in marketing at college. 4．　Personally speaking　， parents should encourage children more, helping them develop their confidence. 5．Little giant enterprises 　refer to　 outstanding hightech small and mediumsized enterprises with high growth potential, advanced technology and strong market competitive power. 6．Since Maggie asked for three days' sick leave, she has to 　make up　 her lessons. 7．I want to go to the party, but 　on the other hand　， I must prepare for the final examination. 8．She lost her job when the factory closed, 　along with　 hundreds of others. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．由于我们的共同努力，任务提前完成了。(joint) 　Owing to/Due to our joint efforts　， the task was fulfilled ahead of schedule. 2．儒勒·凡尔纳把他那个时代的科学发展又向前推进了一步，奠定了现代科幻小说的基础。(foundation) By taking the scientific development of his day one step further, Jules Verne 　laid/provided the foundation(s) for　 modern science fiction. 3．根据历史记载，那个岛属于西班牙领土。(domain) According to historical records, the island 　was within the Spanish domains　. 4．这个由当地政府资助的展览将展示生命是如何从水进化而来的。(sponsor) The exhibition, 　sponsored by the local government　 will illustrate how life evolved from water. 5．坐落于“一带一路”的交汇点，江苏将为“一带一路”建设做出更多的贡献。(locate) 　Located where　 the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction. 6．新课程提倡让学生有更多的时间参与所谓的社区服务。(refer to) The new curriculum advocates allowing students more time to participate in 　what is referred to as 　 community service. 7．英国有很多十分吸引我的地方，其中包含大本钟。(定语从句) In UK, there are many attractions that interest me a lot, 　among which is Big Ben　. 8．即使是大型机场，在公务机停放方面也面临着持续的压力，尤其是在旺季。(come to) Even for major airports, they face constant pressure 　when it comes to　 parking for business jets, 　especially during the peak season　. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $