Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Learning About Language-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册五维课堂课时作业word（人教版）

Ⅰ.阅读理解 Wouldn't it be wonderful to travel to a foreign country without having to worry about the headache of communicating in a different language? In a recent Wall Street Journal article, technology policy expert Alec Ross argued that, within a decade or so, we would be able to communicate with one another via small earpieces with builtin microphones. That's because technological progress is extremely rapid. It's only a matter of time. Indeed, some parents are so convinced that this technology is 　imminent　 that they're wondering if their kids should learn a second language. It's true that an increase in the quantity and accuracy of the data loaded into computers will make them cleverer at translating “No es bueno dormir mucho” into “It's not good to sleep too much”. Replacing a word with its equivalent (对等词) in the target language is actually the easy part of a translator's job. But even this seems to be a discouraging task for computers. It's so difficult for computers because translation doesn't —or shouldn't — involve simply translating words, sentences or paragraphs. Rather, it's about translating meaning. And in order to infer meaning from a specific expression, humans have to interpret a mass of information at the same time. Think about all the related clues that go into understanding an expression: volume, gesture, situations, and even your culture. All are likely to convey as much meaning as the words you use. Therefore, we should be very skeptical of a machine that is unable to interpret the world around us. If people from different cultures can offend each other without realizing it, how can we expect a machine to do better? Unless engineers actually find a way to breathe a soul into a computer, undoubtedly when it comes to conveying and interpreting meaning using a natural language, a machine will never fully take our place. [语篇解读]　本文属于议论文。去外国旅行而不用担心语言障碍是不是很美妙？本文以此展开谈论，进而讨论了通过现代科学技术，语言障碍能不能变小甚至消失的问题。 1．What does the underlined word “imminent” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Ready.　　　　 B．Approaching. C．Unpractical. D．Confusing. 解析：B　[考查词义猜测。根据第二段的最后两句可知，用机器交流仅仅是个时间问题，一些父母十分相信这种技术即将来临，以至于他们不知道自己的孩子是否还需要学习第二语言，故选B。] 2．Why is it hard for computers to replace a word with its equivalent? A．Their data is not adequate enough. B．The real meaning of words can vary. C．Their accuracy needs big improvement. D．A soul hasn't been breathed in them. 解析：B　[考查细节理解。根据第四段内容可知，翻译不仅仅是翻译单词、句子和段落，确切地说，它是有关意思的转换，为了推断一个具体短语的意思，人类不得不同时理解很多信息，故可知，单词真正的意思是会随着语境的变化而变化的。所以选B。] 3．What view does the author hold about translation? A．Proper translation can be tough for humans. B．Slight distinctions matter little in translation. C．Some machines will interpret our world properly. D．Cultures deserve more attention than words used. 解析：A　[考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“If people from different cultures can offend each other without realizing it, how can we expect a machine to do better ”可以推测出，准确的翻译对于人来说很难。故选A。] 4．What is the best title for the text? A．An Expert's Precise Prediction B．The Complexity of Translation C．Who Will Be a Better Translator? D．Will the Language Barrier Actually Fall? 解析：D　[考查主旨大意。根据文章内容，尤其是文章开头“Wouldn't it be wonderful to travel to a foreign country without having to worry about the headache of communicating in a different language” 可知，本文主要讨论了语言障碍会不会变小的问题。故选D。] Ⅱ.阅读填句 Advantages of School Uniforms Many public school systems across the country are instituting school uniforms in an effort to improve overall school performance and to reduce negative behavior. 　 1 　. Below is a summary of the advantages of school uniforms. Cost In some cases, the use of school uniforms is more affordable to families because there is not as much pressure as buying expensive, trendy clothing. 　 2 　. Except the initial cost of buying uniforms, there is no need to spend more money on clothing. Behavioral Outcomes 3 　. They believe that uniforms form a stricter atmosphere and that students who wear uniforms are more likely to follow school rules. The U．S. Department of Education maintains that the mandatory (强制的) use of standardized dress reduces violence within the school. 4 　 Many educators believe that students who wear school uniforms performs better academically in school. Students are often so focused on their clothes that they distract themselves from learning. Many parents find that their children spend a great deal of time planning and choosing their daily clothing and that uniforms allow students to use this period of time to study. Social Outcomes 5 　. Some experts believe that school uniforms improve the social outcomes in a school environment as well. People sometimes judge others by their clothing. Children are often laughed at by other children because of the way they dress. Many children use clothing to express and define themselves. School uniforms relieve students from the pressure to fit in. A．Academic Outcomes B．Manage Time Properly C．Uniforms can be a social coordinator D．Standardized school clothing has become a heated national debate E．Uniforms are made to last, and can be washed easily and frequently F．The school's head teacher orders that all the students should wear school uniforms G．It is generally thought that students who wear school uniforms behave more appropriately in the school environment [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文，向读者介绍了几条在学校穿校服的好处。 1．解析：D　[根据上文讲全国许多公立学校提出穿校服可知，空处应是讲穿校服这件事已成为全国性的热点话题，故选D项。] 2．解析：E　[本段主要讲使用校服的成本，选项E的内容与本段主旨相符，且与空后一句衔接自然，故选E项。] 3．解析：G　[根据本段的小标题Behavioral Outcomes 可知，本段主要是说学生穿校服在约束行为方面的效果。选项G中的behave more appropriately 与本段主旨对应，故选G项。] 4．解析：A　[分析文章结构可知，本空为本段小标题。本段主要讲学生穿校服后在学业方面的影响及效果，再结合选项可知选A项。] 5．解析：C　[根据本段小标题 Social Outcomes 可知，本段主要是讲学生穿校服后的社交效果，选项C中的a social coordinator 与本段主旨对应，故选C项。] Ⅲ.完形填空 Retailers (零售商)closed more than 9,000 stores in 2019. Some people call what has happened to the shopping landscape “the retail 　 1 　”. It is easy to chalk it up to the rise of ecommerce, which has thrived while physical stores struggle. But this can be 　 2 　. Online sales have grown tremendously in the last 20 years, but Internet shopping still represents only 11 percent of the entire retail sales. Collectively, three major 　 3 　 forces have had an even bigger impact on brick­and­mortar retail than the Internet has. To begin with, we have changed 　 4 　 we shop — away from smaller stores like those in malls and towards standalone “big box” stores, which is a greater problem for most physical stores. Also, rising income 　 5 　 has left less of the nation's money in the hands of the middle class, and the traditional retail stores that 　 6 　 them have suffered. It is estimated that since 1970, the share of the nation's income earned by families in the middle class has fallen from almost twothirds to around 40 percent. As the 　 7 　 of income at the top rises, overall retail suffers simply because highincome people save a much larger share of their money. The government reports 　 8 　 for different income levels in the official Consumer Expenditure Survey. In the latest data, people in the top 10 percent of income 　 9 　 almost a third of their income after taxes. People in the middle of the income distribution spent 100 percent of their income. 　 10 　， as the middle class has been squeezed and more has gone to the top, it has meant higher saving rates overall. Lastly, we have spent 　 11 　 less of income on things and more on services. Since 1960, we went from spending 5 percent of our income on health to almost 18 percent, government statistics show. We spend more on education, entertainment, business services and all sorts of other products that aren't 　 12 　 in traditional retail stores. Economists debate theories of why we have 　 13 　 to services from goods but no one denies that it has happened. It means that over time, retailers selling 　 14 　 will have to run harder and harder just to stay in place. In short, the broad forces hitting retail are more a lesson in economics than in the power of 　 15 　. It's a lesson all retailers will have to learn someday. [语篇解读]　这是一篇议论文。文章就零售业面临的寒冬作了分析，指出并非是电商崛起抢占了零售业的市场份额，而是出于一些经济方面的原因。 1．A.business　　　　　 B．disaster C．investment D．strategy 解析：B　[根据前文描述的2019年有9000多家零售商铺倒闭推断，此处应该指的是零售界的一场灾难。故选B。] 2．A.advanced B．confirmed C．overstated D．undervalued 解析：C　[从下文的分析来看，网上购物并没有对零售业造成太大的影响，所以这里要表达所谓的电商威胁到了零售业是比较夸张的说法。故选C。] 3．A.economic B．legal C．physical D．political 解析：A　[后文分别详述了三个影响因素，并且都是经济方面的。故选A。] 4．A.how B．what C．where D．why 解析：C　[此处表示我们改变了购物的地点，从后句破折号解释的内容来看，是在说明购物地点的改变，故选C。] 5．A.distribution B．inequality C．level D．tax 解析：B　[句意：此外，收入不平等加剧，使得国家的钱越来越少地落入中产阶级手中，针对中产阶级的传统零售店也受到了影响。后文中也用统计数据说明了中产阶级家庭收入的占比在下降，也就是出现了不平衡的情况。故选B。] 6．A.aim at B．approve of C．compete with D．stem from 解析：A　[零售商与中产阶级的关系紧密，容易推断零售商的目标客户就是中产阶级。故选A。] 7．A.concentration B．influence C．security D．source 解析：A　[句意：随着收入向最顶端集中程度的上升，整体零售业受到影响，原因只是高收入人群把钱存起来的比例大得多。结合下文高收入人群把钱存起来的比例加大的内容可以推断，这里指资金在上层阶级的集中，也与前文的收入不平衡呼应。故选A。] 8．A.education B．employment C．housing D．spending 解析：D　[句意：政府在官方的消费者支出调查中报告了不同阶层的消费情况。空处与Expenditure 对应，指政府对于消费情况的调查。故选D。] 9．A.concealed B．donated C．earned D．saved 解析：D　[根据下文中的“it has meant higher saving rates overall”可以推断，这里指高收入人群将税后收入的近三分之一存了起来。故选D。] 10．A.Instead B．However C．Moreover D．Therefore 解析：D　[分析语境可知，最终要得出的结论是储蓄率上升，这与前面所提的事实存在因果关系。故选D。] 11．A.cautiously B．intelligently C．relatively D．prospectively 解析：C　[句意：最后，我们在物品上的支出相对下降，而在服务上的支出增加。这里对在实体和服务上的花销进行对比，即存在一种相对关系。故选C。] 12．A.available B．insufficient C．popular D．uncommon 解析：A　[句意：我们把更多的钱花在了教育、娱乐、商业服务和其他各种在传统零售店买不到的产品上。前面列举的都是服务项目，与实体商品形成对比，这些服务都是零售店提供不了的。故选A。] 13．A.applied B．committed C．shifted D．tied 解析：C　[这里承接上文继续说明人们重服务轻商品的现象，即从商品转向服务。故选C。] 14．A.ideas B．patents C．services D．things 解析：D　[此处表示随着时间的推移，出售实物的零售商们要想生存下去会越来越艰难，与前文“less of income on things and more on services” 对应，零售商们难以生存就是因为他们销售的是实物商品。故选D。] 15．A.consumption B．habit C．income D．technology 解析：D　[此处表示打击零售业的广泛力量更多的是经济学方面的因素，而不是技术的力量。根据第一段中的“Collectively, three major 　3(economic)　 forces have had an even bigger impact on brickandmortar retail than the Internet has ”可知，零售业的寒冬并非是网络技术发展、电商崛起造成的，而更多地源于经济因素。故选D。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $